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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
RACHEL MARTIN, HOST:
An unlikely literary hero is getting his turn in the spotlight1. He's a little square but full of personality, and he sprang from the imaginations of these guys.
MAC BARNETT: My name is Mac Barnett, and I'm a writer. I write books for kids.
JON KLASSEN: I am Jon Klassen, and I am a writer-illustrator. I write and illustrate2 books for kids.
BARNETT: Ooh.
MARTIN: It sounded like you were trying to, like, one-up him there.
KLASSEN: Well, I am a one up on Mac. That's...
(LAUGHTER)
KLASSEN: It's just how the credits roll.
MARTIN: And these two have a lot of credits to their names. Barnett and Klassen are award-winning, best-selling creators of a bunch of picture books like "Extra Yarn3" and "Sam & Dave Dig A Hole." They keep kiddos giggling4 and parents reading aloud again and again. We'll let them do the honors from a bit of their new book out today.
KLASSEN: Square...
BARNETT: Said Circle.
KLASSEN: You are a genius. I did not know you were a sculptor5.
BARNETT: Ah, yes, said Square. What is a sculptor?
KLASSEN: A sculptor shapes blocks into art...
BARNETT: Said Circle. (Laughter) Yes, said Square. I see what you mean. But he did not really see what she meant.
MARTIN: (Laughter) This book from Mac Barnett and Jon Klassen is actually the second installment6 in a trilogy about shapes who are kind of just like us. They've got thoughts, faults, even insecurities. The first book was called "Triangle" and now comes "Square." And when it comes to shaping these characters, writer-illustrator Jon Klassen says they let the drawings lead the way.
KLASSEN: Like, if you start with Square, it stands to reason that you would put his eyes in the middle of his body because he's even on all sides. And so that makes some sense. But then if you take those same size eyes and try to put them on Triangle, there's not enough room because he's Triangle. And so you move those eyes downwards7 on his body so that there's more room in the bottom of a triangle. And right away, he looks sneakier because his eyes are lower down.
MARTIN: Yes.
KLASSEN: It's just sort of a symbolic8 thing. And so we were getting information whether we wanted it or not. We were sort of already getting...
MARTIN: Their personalities9.
KLASSEN: ...Character - yeah. And so Square in contrast to Triangle looked squarer. He looked like sort of a more straightforward10, straight-laced guy.
MARTIN: Like, more earnest.
KLASSEN: Yeah, exactly. Like, we were having conversations within minutes that had been like, well, of course, Triangle wouldn't do that, or, of course, Square would react this way.
BARNETT: Yeah.
KLASSEN: It's been really fun that way.
BARNETT: We spent months talking about these characters just as characters before we even wrote the first story about them.
MARTIN: Oh, really?
BARNETT: Yeah. And so we did feel like (laughter) - this sounds very sad but, like, they were our friends before we started making stories about them. So Square is - like, he's very solid. He follows routines. But there's that sense that, like, his routine, I think, is papering over some deep, existential chasm11.
MARTIN: Right.
BARNETT: And terrible things always seemed to happen to Square, which he doesn't handle particularly well but then always, like, seems to just sort of land right side up.
MARTIN: What I have loved about your books - there is not a prescribed morality in your stories. There are often in children's books these very strict rules about how you're supposed to live your life. And it's very clear who the good guys are and very clear who the bad guys are. But that is what has been refreshing12 about your stories is that there's - it's just messier.
KLASSEN: (Laughter) Yeah. I think that the - sort of the approach we have is that characters make mistakes on kind of all sides in these books. And it doesn't mean that the reader can't be aware of those mistakes. I think we give the kids credit to realize that characters shouldn't have done certain things that they do. It's just that there's not usually a narrator saying, and that was why he was wrong.
MARTIN: Right.
BARNETT: I think good stories take on big questions. I mean, anyone who spends any time with kids knows that kids ask huge, complicated, difficult questions. What is life? What is death? What is love? What's right? What's wrong? And, like, these questions don't have easy answers. They're complicated. They can't be reduced down. The only way that you can get the truth that's the answer to that question is with a story. That's what stories are good at, getting at complicated truths, not simple ones.
MARTIN: It seems you also like to tell stories about unmet expectations.
BARNETT: That's - yes.
MARTIN: (Laughter) That - I mean, "Sam And Dave Dig A Hole" - that's the whole deal is that these guys are so close to this treasure and can't quite seem to get there. And even poor little Square just can't seem to achieve what he's looking for. What's interesting about that idea in a children's book of all things?
BARNETT: Well, I think creative frustration13 (laughter) is something that shows up again and again certainly as a theme in my work. But, you know, that's the experience - when we go to schools, kids always ask us that, too. You know, we come into an elementary school, and they present us as the professional authors, and kids will raise their hand and ask us if we ever get stuck, you know, if we like making lots of drafts or if it's perfect the first time. And I think that kids make art, but they also have all the frustrations14 with making art that adults do.
KLASSEN: Well, also they're presented with the final book, and that's usually all they see. And so someone who makes that just must sort of generate that one book and that's it, right? They're fascinated to hear that this took, like, a bunch of tries, and we might not even be happy with everything that they're holding. Like, it's - they're really interested to hear that those things are malleable15.
MARTIN: Who do you try your stuff out on? Do you have kids? Who do you read your drafts to see if it's going to work?
KLASSEN: I have an 11-month-old, and so far, it's been pretty disappointing the level of feedback that he seems to give me. I can't use much of it.
MARTIN: (Laughter) Right.
KLASSEN: We don't really - I don't think - we road test these things a little bit when we're on tour for other books. Sometimes we'll dig out something that hasn't - you know, we're working on just to see how it goes over. But that's tricky16 too because kids, when you ask them for feedback, they want to give feedback. They sort of - they want to be helpful, and they've been asked for points and notes and they're so excited they'll just talk about stuff that might just be fine. That's just people in general. That's why it's hard to get feedback on this stuff because everyone kind of wants to help out. And so it is - I don't know. Mac, what do you think? But I think most of the time you have to go with your gut17 and just kind of hope that once it's out, it's going to work.
BARNETT: Yeah, ultimately. It's sort of something you create alone in a room, and it definitely has an audience. You want it to be relevant to kids' lives, but we do bring so much to these characters. And that's the weird18 thing about picture book making is that, like, I finish this text that has all these holes in it and then Jon fills in some of those holes with pictures. But a good book should still have gaps for the reader to come in and interpret this stuff.
MARTIN: Well, Mac Barnett and Jon Klassen, their new picture book is called "Square." You guys, thank you so much for talking with us.
BARNETT: Oh, thank you for having us.
KLASSEN: Yeah, this is great.
(SOUNDBITE OF JOEY PECORARO'S "THE SEA")
收听单词发音 |
1
spotlight
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| n.公众注意的中心，聚光灯，探照灯，视听，注意，醒目 | |
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2
illustrate
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| v.举例说明，阐明；图解，加插图 | |
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3
yarn
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| n.纱，纱线，纺线；奇闻漫谈，旅行轶事 | |
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4
giggling
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| v.咯咯地笑( giggle的现在分词 ) | |
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5
sculptor
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| n.雕刻家，雕刻家 | |
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6
installment
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| n.(instalment)分期付款；(连载的)一期 | |
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7
downwards
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| adj./adv.向下的（地），下行的（地） | |
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8
symbolic
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| adj.象征性的，符号的，象征主义的 | |
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9
personalities
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| n. 诽谤，（对某人容貌、性格等所进行的）人身攻击； 人身攻击；人格, 个性, 名人( personality的名词复数 ) | |
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10
straightforward
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| adj.正直的，坦率的；易懂的，简单的 | |
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11
chasm
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| n.深坑，断层，裂口，大分岐，利害冲突 | |
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12
refreshing
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| adj.使精神振作的，使人清爽的，使人喜欢的 | |
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13
frustration
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| n.挫折，失败，失效，落空 | |
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14
frustrations
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| 挫折( frustration的名词复数 )； 失败； 挫败； 失意 | |
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15
malleable
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| adj.(金属)可锻的;有延展性的；(性格)可训练的 | |
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16
tricky
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| adj.狡猾的，奸诈的；(工作等)棘手的，微妙的 | |
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17
gut
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| n.[pl.]胆量；内脏；adj.本能的；vt.取出内脏 | |
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18
weird
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| adj.古怪的，离奇的；怪诞的，神秘而可怕的 | |
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