美国国家公共电台 NPR Warming Waters Push Fish To Cooler Climes, Out Of Some Fishermen's Reach

 

RACHEL MARTIN, HOST:

The oceans are getting warmer, and fish are noticing. Many that live along U.S. coastlines are moving to cooler water as a result. As NPR's Christopher Joyce reports, a new study finds that trend is likely to continue. And there could be potentially serious consequences for the fishing industry.

CHRISTOPHER JOYCE, BYLINE¹: Fish are as picky about their water temperature as Goldilocks was about her porridge. And ecologist Malin Pinsky of Rutgers University says a warming climate is heating up their coastal² habitats.

MALIN PINSKY: Here in North American waters, that means fish and other marine³ animals - their habitat is shifting further north quite rapidly.

JOYCE: Pinsky studied 686 marine species, ranging from bass⁴ and flounder to crab⁵ and lobster⁶. He projected how much warmer oceans would get and how fish species would probably react to that.

PINSKY: And about 450 of those, we have high certainty in terms of how far they're going to shift in the future.

JOYCE: Some, just a few miles; others, like the Alaskan snow crab that gained fame on the television show "Deadliest Catch," a lot more.

PINSKY: They're projected to move up to 900 miles further north, really dramatic changes for a species that's very important.

JOYCE: Pinsky points out in a research paper in the journal PLOS One that there's a lot of uncertainty⁷ in how fast this will happen. If the climate doesn't warm up too much, fish may take their time and not move too far. If it warms a lot, the fish will move farther and probably faster. Even a shift of a couple of hundred miles can put fish or lobster out of range for small boats. And it's a serious problem for organizations that manage fish stocks.

Richard Seagraves is a scientist formerly⁸ with the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council. He notes that for fish like Southern flounder, each state gets a quota⁹, a catch limit based on where fish used to be decades ago.

RICHARD SEAGRAVES: Some of the Southern states are having trouble catching¹⁰ the quota. And states to the north have more availability of fish. They're moving north.

JOYCE: Seagraves says natural variation in coastal ocean temperatures already gives fisheries managers headaches. He says climate change will make it a lot harder.

Christopher Joyce, NPR News.

(SOUNDBITE OF ANDREW BIRD'S "LOGAN'S LOOP")

1 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

2 coastal   

adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的

参考例句：

• The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
• This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。

3 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

4 bass   

n.男低音(歌手)；低音乐器；低音大提琴

参考例句：

• He answered my question in a surprisingly deep bass.他用一种低得出奇的声音回答我的问题。
• The bass was to give a concert in the park.那位男低音歌唱家将在公园中举行音乐会。

5 crab   

n.螃蟹，偏航，脾气乖戾的人，酸苹果；vi.捕蟹，偏航，发牢骚；vt.使偏航，发脾气

参考例句：

• I can't remember when I last had crab.我不记得上次吃蟹是什么时候了。
• The skin on my face felt as hard as a crab's back.我脸上的皮仿佛僵硬了，就象螃蟹的壳似的。

6 lobster   

n.龙虾，龙虾肉

参考例句：

• The lobster is a shellfish.龙虾是水生贝壳动物。
• I like lobster but it does not like me.我喜欢吃龙虾，但它不适宜于我的健康。

7 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。

8 formerly   

adv.从前，以前

参考例句：

• We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
• This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。

9 quota   

n.（生产、进出口等的）配额，（移民的）限额

参考例句：

• A restricted import quota was set for meat products.肉类产品设定了进口配额。
• He overfulfilled his production quota for two months running.他一连两个月超额完成生产指标。

10 catching   

adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住

参考例句：

• There are those who think eczema is catching.有人就是认为湿疹会传染。
• Enthusiasm is very catching.热情非常富有感染力。