美国国家公共电台 NPR 伊朗顶级科学家遭暗杀 以色列被指是幕后黑手

The killing¹ of Iran's top nuclear scientist involved a group of highly trained assassins in what was a coordinated², brazen³ attack on Iranian soil. That scientist is being buried today. Iran is blaming Israel, and it says it will retaliate⁴. But why did this happen now? And what does this mean for the incoming administration of President-elect Joe Biden? NPR's national security correspondent Greg Myre is following this story, and he joins us now. Good morning.

伊朗顶级核科学家遇害事件与一批训练有素的暗杀者有关，他们在伊朗本土发动了一起厚颜无耻的协同袭击。遇害科学家今天下葬。伊朗指责以色列是幕后黑手，并称将进行报复。但为何现在发动暗杀？这对即将上任的当选总统乔·拜登的政府意味着什么？NPR新闻国家安全事务记者格雷格·迈尔正在关注这起事件，他现在将和我们连线。早上好。

GREG MYRE, BYLINE⁵: Hi, Lulu.

格雷格·迈尔连线：你好，露露。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: Hi. Let's start with what this means for Iran.

加西亚-纳瓦罗：你好。我们先来说一下这对伊朗意味着什么。

MYRE: Well, it's a very big deal. The Iranian scientist we're talking about is Mohsen Fakhrizadeh. He was killed in an attack on his car outside the capital, Tehran. Now, Israel describes him as the head of Iran's secret efforts to develop a nuclear weapon. Many believe this program has been restricted or suspended for many years. But he's still a very important figure. And Iran has always denied wanting a bomb, and they downplayed his role. But Iran's defense⁶ minister said today that the country would continue his work with, quote, "more speed and power."

迈尔：这是件大事。我们所谈论的伊朗科学家是莫森·法赫里扎德。他在伊朗首都德黑兰郊外的一起汽车袭击中丧生。现在，以色列称他是伊朗秘密研发核武器项目的负责人。许多人认为这个项目已被限制或暂停很多年。但他依然是一个非常重要的人物。而伊朗一直否认其想制造核弹，同时淡化了他的作用。但伊朗国防部长今天表示，伊朗将“以更快的速度和更大的动力”继续他的工作。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: I mean, it is embarrassing and I imagine infuriating for this to have happened on Iran's soil. How are Iran's leaders reacting to the killing?

加西亚-纳瓦罗：我认为这种事情发生在伊朗土地上令人尴尬且愤怒。伊朗领导人对这起暗杀事件有何反应？

MYRE: Well, angrily. The supreme⁷ leader, Ayatollah Khamenei and others are calling for retaliation⁸, and they're pointing to Israel. Iranian hard-liners say the country has suffered a number of attacks recently, and it hasn't really hit back very hard. But Iran is in a really tough position here. The economy is in very bad shape. It's suffering from the COVID pandemic. Prices for its oil exports are very low. It's burdened with very tough sanctions. If Iran lashes⁹ out, the sanctions are likely to remain in place, and the economy could get even worse.

迈尔：非常愤怒。伊朗最高领导人阿亚图拉·哈梅内伊和其他人呼吁进行报复，他们将矛头指向以色列。伊朗强硬派表示，该国最近一段时间遭受了多次袭击，但并没有进行非常严厉的反击。不过伊朗目前的处境非常艰难。其经济状况非常糟糕。而且正在遭受新冠肺炎大流行的折磨。该国石油出口的价格很低。而且背负着非常严厉的制裁。如果伊朗出击，制裁很可能继续存在，经济也可能会变得更糟。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: Greg, what do we know? I mean, is it clear that Israel was responsible? And is it possible that the United States, its ally, might have been involved, too?

加西亚-纳瓦罗：格雷格，目前我们了解到了哪些信息？现在已经确定以色列要对此负责吗？以色列盟友美国有是否也参与其中？

MYRE: Well, there are media reports coming out of Iran today with Iranian officials saying that the weapons used were linked to Israel and may have actually been fired remotely, not by — necessarily by people at the scene. Israel is not commenting. However, the prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, called out this scientist, Fakhrizadeh, in a 2018 speech and said, remember this name. And Israel is universally believed to be behind these kinds of ambush¹⁰ killings¹¹ of nuclear scientists in a period from 2010 to 2012. So did the U.S. play a role? Well, Iran is not blaming the U.S. at this point, and there's no information suggesting a U.S. role. But we should note that President Trump¹² ordered an airstrike on an even more prominent Iranian figure, General Qassem Soleimani, back in January. He was killed on a trip to Iraq.

迈尔：今天伊朗媒体报道称，伊朗官员表示，暗杀所使用的武器与以色列有关，可能是远程发射，不一定是由现场人员发射的。以色列对此不予置评。然而，以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡曾在2018年的一场演讲中提到科学家法赫里扎德，他说，记住这个名字。人们普遍认为，以色列是2010年至2012年期间伏击杀害核科学家的幕后黑手。那美国扮演了什么角色？伊朗目前并没有指责美国，也没有任何信息表明美国牵涉其中。但我们应该注意到，特朗普总统曾在今年1月下令空袭一位更有名的伊朗人物——卡西姆·苏莱曼尼将军。他在前往伊拉克的途中被杀害。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: All right. President Trump, as we know, pulled out of a nuclear deal with Iran two years ago. And President-elect Joe Biden says he will be willing to reenter that deal. So whether or not the U.S. was involved, is the killing going to make diplomacy¹³ harder? Is it going to tie Biden's hands?

加西亚-纳瓦罗：好。我们知道，特朗普总统两年前退出了伊朗核协议。当选总统乔·拜登表示，他愿意重新签署这项协议。无论美国是否参与其中，这起暗杀会否令外交更加艰难？这会束缚住拜登吗？

MYRE: Yes, it will absolutely make it more difficult. And there's speculation¹⁴ this was the point of the attack. Trump and Netanyahu both opposed the nuclear deal. They don't want to see it revived. Now, Biden is likely to maintain his same position when he enters office in January. We'll have to wait and see with Iran. They've been stockpiling low enriched uranium. They would have to give that up to go back to the deal. And a lot of hard-liners in Iran will oppose that.

迈尔：没错，这绝对会令外交变得更艰难。有人猜测这就是袭击的目的。特朗普和内塔尼亚胡都反对核协议。他们不希望该协议复活。现在，拜登很可能在明年1月上任时保持同样的立场。我们只能对伊朗持观望态度。伊朗一直在储存低浓度浓缩铀。他们必须放弃这一行为才能重返协议。而伊朗的很多强硬派都会反对这件事。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: That's NPR's Greg Myre. Thank you so much.

加西亚-纳瓦罗：以上是NPR新闻的格雷格·迈尔带来的报道。非常谢谢你。

MYRE: My pleasure.

迈尔：不客气。

1 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

2 coordinated   

adj.协调的

参考例句：

• The sound has to be coordinated with the picture. 声音必须和画面协调一致。
• The numerous existing statutes are complicated and poorly coordinated. 目前繁多的法令既十分复杂又缺乏快调。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

3 brazen   

adj.厚脸皮的，无耻的，坚硬的

参考例句：

• The brazen woman laughed loudly at the judge who sentenced her.那无耻的女子冲着给她判刑的法官高声大笑。
• Some people prefer to brazen a thing out rather than admit defeat.有的人不愿承认失败，而是宁肯厚着脸皮干下去。

4 retaliate   

v.报复，反击

参考例句：

• He sought every opportunity to retaliate against his enemy.他找机会向他的敌人反击。
• It is strictly forbidden to retaliate against the quality inspectors.严禁对质量检验人员进行打击报复。

5 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

6 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

7 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

8 retaliation   

n.报复，反击

参考例句：

• retaliation against UN workers 对联合国工作人员的报复
• He never said a single word in retaliation. 他从未说过一句反击的话。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 lashes   

n.鞭挞( lash的名词复数 )；鞭子；突然猛烈的一击；急速挥动v.鞭打( lash的第三人称单数 )；煽动；紧系；怒斥

参考例句：

• Mother always lashes out food for the children's party. 孩子们聚会时，母亲总是给他们许多吃的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Never walk behind a horse in case it lashes out. 绝对不要跟在马后面，以防它突然猛踢。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 ambush   

n.埋伏(地点)；伏兵；v.埋伏；伏击

参考例句：

• Our soldiers lay in ambush in the jungle for the enemy.我方战士埋伏在丛林中等待敌人。
• Four men led by a sergeant lay in ambush at the crossroads.由一名中士率领的四名士兵埋伏在十字路口。

11 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

12 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

13 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。

14 speculation   

n.思索，沉思；猜测；投机

参考例句：

• Her mind is occupied with speculation.她的头脑忙于思考。
• There is widespread speculation that he is going to resign.人们普遍推测他要辞职。