NPR边听边练104:美两党就减支问题发生分歧

 　　主餐一道：泛听练习

　　以下段落是摘自新闻里的一些重要信息,并不是一个段落的听写。空内信息可在本新闻中全部找到,大家可以根据这些信息复述新闻。

　　一、泛听建议：

　　1、完整听一遍，掌握大意。

　　2、继续听，特别注意关键信息。遇到相似的词，写下来。

　　3、复述新闻。

　　The latest warning from White House over possible sequester¹ took on new urgency today. President Obama said this morning that if congress failed to approve stop gap measure, 85 billion dollars in cut would take effect in ten days. The impact would _1_ across government. Once more tax revenues, congressional republicans argue president already got back now he’s offered more in the way of trimming spending.

　　今天，白宫就迫在眉睫的美国财政自动减支问题发出警告。奥巴马总统表示，如果国会今天早上不能通过替代方案，那十天以后850亿美元的减支计划就将生效。该计划的影响将遍及政府各个部门。再次提及税收增加，国会共和党人指责称，总统现在已经回到了原点，他为削减开支计划提供了更多的方法。

　　The supreme² court _2_ another challenge to Campaign Finance Laws. NPR’s Peter Overby told us the new case seize to overturn a single aspect to limit how much individuals can give to candidates and party committees. Like a lot of case on political money, Metuchen verse the Federal Election Commission asks a relative small question. Can the court throw out just a big overall cap and how the donor³ can give per year or per election cycle. Richase _3_ Campaign Finance Law at the University of California at Irvine. If court does it, then a whole host of campaign contribution limits could _4_ future challenge. In 1976 supreme court decision says government can limit contribution to candidates and parties to guard against corruption⁴ and the appearance of corruption. Peter Overby, NPR News, Washington.

　　最高法院正在处理挑战竞选财务法的新案子。据NPR新闻的彼得·奥弗比报道，新案子的目标是推翻单方面限制个人对候选人及政党委员会的赞助额度。像大多数政治金钱案一样，Metuchen诉联邦选举委员会案提出了一个相关的小问题。法庭能否制定出一个上限总额，赞助者每年或每个选举周期怎样进行赞助。在加州大学尔湾分校教授《竞选财务法》的Richase表示，如果法庭这么做的话，那大量的竞选资金限制未来将遭遇挑战。1976年最高法院决定，政府可以限制对候选人和政党的赞助金额，以防止腐败和腐败的萌芽。NPR新闻，彼得·奥弗比华盛顿报道。

　　Tunisia’s political transition now _5_ new uncertainty⁵, the country's Prime Minister has stepped down after he was unable to form a new government of technocrats⁶.United Nation is out with new finding on civilian⁷ casualties in Afghanistan says last year 16 civilians⁸ were killed in US strong strike which rose to 70% in 2012. But report shows overall civilian casualties decreased from the previous year.

　　突尼斯的政治过渡现在面临新的不确定性，突尼斯总理因未能组建政府新技术专家内阁而辞职。联合国发表阿富汗平民死亡报告，去年有16名阿富汗平民在美国的猛烈袭击下死亡，2012年这个数字上升了70%。但是报告显示，阿富汗平民伤亡总数较前一年有所下降。

　　Dow is up 49.This is NPR.

　　道琼斯平均指数上升49点。这里是NPR新闻。

　　词汇解析：

　　1、guard against 避免，预防；警戒；警；戒

　　eg. The armed forces were on high alert to guard against any retaliation⁹.

　　武装部队保持高度戒备，以防发生任何报复行动。

　　eg. She was frank, because she had nothing to conceal¹⁰, assured because she knew of nothing to be on her guard against.

　　她坦然，因为她没有什么可隐瞒的；她安祥，因为她不知道有什么需要戒备的。

　　eg. In society we should always guard against the sniper's shot.

　　在社会上我们要时常提防冷箭伤人。

　　2、technocrats 技术专家（technocrat的复数）；科技主义者

　　eg:Technocrats can tell producers what they can charge, but they cannot prevent the inevitable¹¹.

　　技术专家能够告知发电厂他们可以如何收费，但却不能够阻止这场危机。

　　3、civilian casualties 平民伤亡；平民死伤；民众伤亡

　　eg:Therefore, for us to have the people with us, we must avoid civilian casualties.

　　因此，我们必须避免平民死伤，这样才能赢得人民的支持。

　　参考答案：

　　1、be filled 2、is taking up 3、teaches

　　4、be subjected to 5、faces

1 sequester   

vt.使退隐，使隔绝

参考例句：

• Everything he owned was sequestered.他的所有财产都被扣押了。
• This jury is expected to be sequestered for at least two months.预计这个陪审团将至少被隔离两个月。

2 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

3 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

4 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

5 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。

6 technocrats   

n.技术专家，专家政治论者( technocrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Few business barons remained. They were replaced by "technocrats," who became the heads of corporations. 企业巨头所剩无几，大多已被“技术专家”所代替，这些人成了公司的领导。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• However, bankers called the technocrats' bluff and proceeded to lend with gusto. 但是，银行家们称技术专家官员不过在虚张声势，并且还会乐观的继续借贷业务。 来自互联网

7 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

8 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

9 retaliation   

n.报复，反击

参考例句：

• retaliation against UN workers 对联合国工作人员的报复
• He never said a single word in retaliation. 他从未说过一句反击的话。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 conceal   

v.隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽

参考例句：

• He had to conceal his identity to escape the police.为了躲避警方，他只好隐瞒身份。
• He could hardly conceal his joy at his departure.他几乎掩饰不住临行时的喜悦。

11 inevitable   

adj.不可避免的，必然发生的

参考例句：

• Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
• The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。