纽约时报 波音飞机安全认证内情引密切关注(3)

“People want oversight¹ when something goes wrong,”

“出现问题的时候，人们便希望政府启动监管程序，”

said Peter Goelz, a former managing director of the National Transportation Safety Board, which investigates aviation accidents.

负责调查航空事故的国家运输安全委员会前常务董事彼得·戈尔兹说。

“But at the same time, they do not want these companies tied up in knots and not able to produce products for the marketplace.”

“但他们也不希望这些公司因此陷入困境，无法继续为市场生产产品。”

Ali Bahrami, the F.A.A.’s top safety official, used to be an executive at the Aerospace² Industries Association,

联邦航空管理局的高级安全官员阿里·巴拉米曾经是美国航空航天工业协会的高层领导，

a trade group whose members include Boeing as well as many other companies in the aviation industry.

该协会是一个贸易组织，波音公司等航空业许多其他公司都是它的会员。

In 2013, he urged the F.A.A. to “allow maximum use of delegation³.”

2013年，巴拉米就曾敦促联邦航空管理局“允许最大限度地委托企业”。

“With the worldwide market shifting to Asia and the developing world,

“随着国际市场转向亚洲和发展中国家，

it would be detrimental⁴ to our competitiveness if foreign manufacturers are able to move improved products into the marketplace more quickly,”

外国制造商要是能更快地将改进后的产品推向市场，我们的竞争力就会受到打击，”

he said in prepared testimony⁵ for a congressional hearing.

他在为一场国会听证会准备的证词中说。

But the relationship between Boeing and the F.A.A. prompted concern even before the 737 Max crashes.

问题是，在波音737Max客机坠毁之前，波音公司与联邦航空局的关系就引发了人们的担忧。

In 2012, an investigation⁶ by the Transportation Department’s Office of Inspector⁷ General

2012年，交通运输部检察长办公室展开了一项调查，

found that F.A.A. managers had not always been supportive of efforts by agency employees to “hold Boeing accountable.”

调查发现，联邦航空管理局的管理者们并非总是很支持底下员工“对波音问责”的工作。

F.A.A. employees viewed their management as “having too close a relationship with Boeing officials,”

管理局的员工认为他们的管理层“与波音的工作人员关系过于密切，”

according to a report from the inspector general’s office.

监察长办公室的报告显示。

A 2015 report by the inspector general’s office expressed concern about the certification process.

监察长办公室2015年的一份报告对波音飞机的认证过程表示了疑虑。

“During our review, industry representatives expressed concern that F.A.A.’s focus was often on paperwork — not on safety-critical items,” the report said.

报告提到，“在我们审查的过程中，行业代表们担心，联邦航空管理局把重点放在了书面工作上而不是对安全至关重要的问题上”。

The same year, a Boeing executive at a congressional hearing

同年，波音公司的一名高管在国会听证会上

described the arrangement as effectively having an “arm of the F.A.A. within the Boeing Company.”

形容这一安排无异于“在波音公司内部安插了一个联邦航空管理局的分支”。

Some 1,000 employees, the executive said, were part of the program.

这位高管说，大约有1000名员工参与了这个项目。

“Boeing and the F.A.A. have had an almost symbiotic⁸ relationship,”

“波音和联邦航空管理局之间差不多是一种共生关系，”

said Michael Dreikorn, an aviation safety expert who previously⁹ worked in a safety oversight role at the F.A.A.

曾经在联邦航空管理局安全监管部门工作的航空安全专家迈克尔德雷科恩说。

“The relationship is too cozy¹⁰.”

“两者的关系太密切了。”

1 oversight   

n.勘漏，失察，疏忽

参考例句：

• I consider this a gross oversight on your part.我把这件事看作是你的一大疏忽。
• Your essay was not marked through an oversight on my part.由于我的疏忽你的文章没有打分。

2 aerospace   

adj.航空的，宇宙航行的

参考例句：

• The world's entire aerospace industry is feeling the chill winds of recession.全世界的航空航天工业都感受到了经济衰退的寒意。
• Edward Murphy was an aerospace engineer for the US Army.爱德华·墨菲是一名美军的航宇工程师。

3 delegation   

n.代表团；派遣

参考例句：

• The statement of our delegation was singularly appropriate to the occasion.我们代表团的声明非常适合时宜。
• We shall inform you of the date of the delegation's arrival.我们将把代表团到达的日期通知你。

4 detrimental   

adj.损害的，造成伤害的

参考例句：

• We know that heat treatment is detrimental to milk.我们知道加热对牛奶是不利的。
• He wouldn't accept that smoking was detrimental to health.他不相信吸烟有害健康。

5 testimony   

n.证词；见证，证明

参考例句：

• The testimony given by him is dubious.他所作的证据是可疑的。
• He was called in to bear testimony to what the police officer said.他被传入为警官所说的话作证。

6 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

7 inspector   

n.检查员，监察员，视察员

参考例句：

• The inspector was interested in everything pertaining to the school.视察员对有关学校的一切都感兴趣。
• The inspector was shining a flashlight onto the tickets.查票员打着手电筒查看车票。

8 symbiotic   

adj.共栖的，共生的

参考例句：

• Racing has always had a symbiotic relationship with betting.赛马总是与赌博相挂钩。
• Engineering completely new symbiotic relationship is obviously not an imminent possibility.筹划完全新的共生关系显然是可能性不大。

9 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

10 cozy   

adj.亲如手足的，密切的，暖和舒服的

参考例句：

• I like blankets because they are cozy.我喜欢毛毯，因为他们是舒适的。
• We spent a cozy evening chatting by the fire.我们在炉火旁聊天度过了一个舒适的晚上。