纽约时报 叙利亚酷刑监狱 阿萨德镇压异见人士的血腥手段(1)

Inside Syria’s Torture Prisons

揭秘叙利亚酷刑监狱

By Anne Barnard

文/安妮·巴纳德

GAZIANTEP, Turkey — Syrian security officers hung Muhannad Ghabbash from his wrists for hours,

（土耳其）加齐安泰普——叙利亚安保人员将穆罕默德·贾巴什一吊就是数小时，

beat him bloody¹, shocked him with electricity and stuck a gun in his mouth.

不仅将他打得浑身是血，还用电击他，甚至还把枪塞到他的嘴里。

Mr. Ghabbash, a law student from Aleppo, repeatedly confessed his actual offense²: organizing peaceful antigovernment protests.

受刑期间，这名来自阿勒颇的法律系学生反复承认了自己真正的罪行：组织非暴力的反政府抗议活动。

But the torture continued for 12 days, until he wrote a fictional³ confession⁴ to planning a bombing.

但酷刑还是持续了12天，直到他写了一篇虚假的供词，承认自己策划过一起爆炸案。

That, he said, was just the beginning.

这还仅仅是个开始，他说。

He was flown to a crammed⁵ prison at Mezze air base in Damascus, the Syrian capital,

之后，他被用飞机送到了叙利亚首都大马士革马泽区空军基地一个关满了犯人的监狱，

where he said guards hung him and other detainees from a fence naked, spraying them with water on cold nights.

那里的狱警曾把他和其他被拘留者赤裸裸地绑在围栏上，并在寒夜里对着他们喷水，他说。

To entertain colleagues over dinner, he and other survivors⁶ said,

他和其他幸存者都说，晚饭期间，为了给其他同僚取乐，

an officer calling himself Hitler forced prisoners to act the roles of dogs, donkeys and cats,

一名自称为希特勒的军官还强迫囚犯扮演狗、驴和猫等角色，

beating those who failed to bark or bray⁷ correctly.

并殴打那些模仿叫声模仿地不像的人。

In a military hospital, he said, he watched a nurse bash the face of an amputee who begged for painkillers⁸.

他说，他还在一家军医院看到一名护士殴打向他讨要止痛药的截肢病人的脸。

In yet another prison, he counted 19 cellmates who died from disease, torture and neglect in a single month.

在另一个监狱时，他统计过，一个月内就有19名狱友死于疾病、虐待或忽视。

“I was among the lucky,” said Mr. Ghabbash, 31,

“我已经算幸运的了，”31岁的贾巴什说，

who survived 19 months in detention⁹ until a judge was bribed¹⁰ to free him.

他被拘留了19个月，后来通过贿赂某法官才被放了出来。

As Syria’s president, Bashar al-Assad, closes in on victory over an eight-year revolt,

随着叙利亚总统巴沙尔·阿萨德成功平息八年叛乱之日在即，

a secret, industrial-scale system of arbitrary arrests and torture prisons has been pivotal to his success.

围绕任意逮捕和酷刑监狱建立起来的一个规模堪比一个行业的秘密系统成了他成功的关键。

While the Syrian military, backed by Russia and Iran, fought armed rebels for territory,

有俄罗斯和伊朗撑腰的叙利亚军队同武装叛势力争夺领土之际，

the government waged a ruthless war on civilians¹¹,

叙利亚政府也对叙利亚平民发动了一场残酷的战争，

throwing hundreds of thousands into filthy¹² dungeons¹³ where thousands were tortured and killed.

他们将无数人扔进了肮脏的地牢，而在那些地牢里，成千上万人都惨遭折磨和杀害。

Nearly 128,000 have never emerged, and are presumed to be either dead or still in custody¹⁴,

据拥有最严格的监测记录的独立监测组织叙利亚人权网络透露，

according to the Syrian Network for Human Rights, an independent monitoring group that keeps the most rigorous tally¹⁵.

有近12.8万人再未露过面，据推测，他们要么已经死亡，要么仍在拘留中。

Nearly 14,000 were “killed under torture.”

还有近1.4万人“死于酷刑”。

Many prisoners die from conditions so dire¹⁶ that a United Nations investigation¹⁷ labeled the process “extermination.”

许多囚犯的死都是因为监狱环境太过恶劣，恶劣到联合国的一项调查都将叙利亚政府此举称为“灭绝行径”。

Now, even as the war winds down, the world’s attention fades and countries start to normalize relations with Syria,

如今，即便战争已经逐渐平息，外界对叙利亚的关注度也在逐渐消散，各国与叙利亚的关系也日趋正常化了，

the pace of new arrests, torture and execution is increasing.

新增的逮捕、严刑拷打和处决的步调仍在继续加快。

The numbers peaked in the conflict’s bloodiest¹⁸ early years,

在冲突最血腥的早期，被害人的数量就达到了顶峰，

but last year the Syrian Network recorded 5,607 new arrests that it classifies as arbitrary —

然而，叙利亚网络的纪录显示，去年，被他们归入“随意逮捕”一类的新增受害者仍有5607人——

more than 100 per week and nearly 25 percent more than the year before.

也就是说，每周都有超过100人被捕，相比前年，去年的被捕人数多了近25%。

1 bloody   

adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染

参考例句：

• He got a bloody nose in the fight.他在打斗中被打得鼻子流血。
• He is a bloody fool.他是一个十足的笨蛋。

2 offense   

n.犯规，违法行为；冒犯，得罪

参考例句：

• I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪。
• His words gave great offense to everybody present.他的发言冲犯了在场的所有人。

3 fictional   

adj.小说的，虚构的

参考例句：

• The names of the shops are entirely fictional.那些商店的名字完全是虚构的。
• The two authors represent the opposite poles of fictional genius.这两位作者代表了天才小说家两个极端。

4 confession   

n.自白，供认，承认

参考例句：

• Her confession was simply tantamount to a casual explanation.她的自白简直等于一篇即席说明。
• The police used torture to extort a confession from him.警察对他用刑逼供。

5 crammed   

adj.塞满的，挤满的；大口地吃；快速贪婪地吃v.把…塞满；填入；临时抱佛脚( cram的过去式)

参考例句：

• He crammed eight people into his car. 他往他的车里硬塞进八个人。
• All the shelves were crammed with books. 所有的架子上都堆满了书。

6 survivors   

幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The survivors were adrift in a lifeboat for six days. 幸存者在救生艇上漂流了六天。
• survivors clinging to a raft 紧紧抓住救生筏的幸存者

7 bray   

n.驴叫声, 喇叭声；v.驴叫

参考例句：

• She cut him off with a wild bray of laughter.她用刺耳的狂笑打断了他的讲话。
• The donkey brayed and tried to bolt.这头驴嘶叫着试图脱缰而逃。

8 painkillers   

n.止痛药( painkiller的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The doctor gave him some painkillers to ease the pain. 医生给了他一些止疼片以减缓疼痛。 来自辞典例句
• The primary painkillers - opiates, like OxyContin - are widely feared, misunderstood and underused. 人们对主要的镇痛药——如鸦片剂奥施康定——存在广泛的恐惧、误解，因此没有充分利用。 来自时文部分

9 detention   

n.滞留，停留；拘留，扣留；(教育)留下

参考例句：

• He was kept in detention by the police.他被警察扣留了。
• He was in detention in connection with the bribery affair.他因与贿赂事件有牵连而被拘留了。

10 bribed   

v.贿赂( bribe的过去式和过去分词 )；向（某人）行贿，贿赂

参考例句：

• They bribed him with costly presents. 他们用贵重的礼物贿赂他。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• He bribed himself onto the committee. 他暗通关节，钻营投机挤进了委员会。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

11 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

12 filthy   

adj.卑劣的；恶劣的，肮脏的

参考例句：

• The whole river has been fouled up with filthy waste from factories.整条河都被工厂的污秽废物污染了。
• You really should throw out that filthy old sofa and get a new one.你真的应该扔掉那张肮脏的旧沙发，然后再去买张新的。

13 dungeons   

n.地牢( dungeon的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The captured rebels were consigned to the dungeons. 抓到的叛乱分子被送进了地牢。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He saw a boy in fetters in the dungeons. 他在地牢里看见一个戴着脚镣的男孩。 来自辞典例句

14 custody   

n.监护，照看，羁押，拘留

参考例句：

• He spent a week in custody on remand awaiting sentence.等候判决期间他被还押候审一个星期。
• He was taken into custody immediately after the robbery.抢劫案发生后，他立即被押了起来。

15 tally   

n.计数器，记分，一致，测量；vt.计算，记录，使一致；vi.计算，记分，一致

参考例句：

• Don't forget to keep a careful tally of what you spend.别忘了仔细记下你的开支账目。
• The facts mentioned in the report tally to every detail.报告中所提到的事实都丝毫不差。

16 dire   

adj.可怕的，悲惨的，阴惨的，极端的

参考例句：

• There were dire warnings about the dangers of watching too much TV.曾经有人就看电视太多的危害性提出严重警告。
• We were indeed in dire straits.But we pulled through.那时我们的困难真是大极了，但是我们渡过了困难。

17 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

18 bloodiest   

adj.血污的( bloody的最高级 )；流血的；屠杀的；残忍的

参考例句：

• The Russians were going to suffer their bloodiest defeat of all before Berlin. 俄国人在柏林城下要遭到他们的最惨重的失败。 来自辞典例句
• It was perhaps the bloodiest hour in the history of warfare. 这也许是战争史上血腥味最浓的1个小时。 来自互联网