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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin. This will just take a minute.
Thrill-seeking stunt1 pilots spend years learning to perform maneuvers2 that birds and bees know how to do from birth. Now a new study in the journal Science shows that, although birds and bugs3 don’t go to flight school, it’s like they’re reading from the same manual when it comes to making turns.
If you’ve ever watched a hummingbird4 or seen a bat chase after a moth5, you know that critters that flap their wings to fly are amazing aerial acrobats6, capable of hovering7 near a flower or turning on a dime8. But how do they do it? And does the tiniest fruit fly use the same tricks as a hummingbird or a bat?
The scientists studied videos of seven different kinds of winged beasts, from bluebottle flies to a cockatoo. And they found that they all used a technique called flapping counter-torque to recover from a turn. So, when a bird banks right, its left wing moves faster on the downstroke while the right is faster on the upstroke, which slows the animal’s rotation9. And no matter what their size, critters with a similar wingspan to body length ratio, like a fruitfly and a hummingbird, need the same number of flaps to finish a turn. And you thought such aeronautical10 insights would remain hidden until pigs fly.
Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin
1 stunt | |
n.惊人表演,绝技,特技;vt.阻碍...发育,妨碍...生长 | |
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2 maneuvers | |
n.策略,谋略,花招( maneuver的名词复数 ) | |
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3 bugs | |
adj.疯狂的,发疯的n.窃听器( bug的名词复数 );病菌;虫子;[计算机](制作软件程序所产生的意料不到的)错误 | |
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4 hummingbird | |
n.蜂鸟 | |
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5 moth | |
n.蛾,蛀虫 | |
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6 acrobats | |
n.杂技演员( acrobat的名词复数 );立场观点善变的人,主张、政见等变化无常的人 | |
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7 hovering | |
鸟( hover的现在分词 ); 靠近(某事物); (人)徘徊; 犹豫 | |
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8 dime | |
n.(指美国、加拿大的钱币)一角 | |
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9 rotation | |
n.旋转;循环,轮流 | |
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10 aeronautical | |
adj.航空(学)的 | |
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