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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Steve Mirsky: Welcome to Scientific American’s Science Talk, posted on January 3, 2019. Happy New Year! I’m Steve Mirsky.
Ultima Thule. It’s the little snowman–shaped Kuiper Belt object that the New Horizons mission flew by on January 1st. We’ll be receiving info about Ultima Thule from the spacecraft for the next 20 months or so. And there’s plenty of coverage1 about the mission and the object on our site and all over the web.
So for this short edition of Science Talk I want to focus on the deep-time aspect of Ultima Thule…and us. On New Year’s Eve, the Johns Hopkins University Applied2 Physics Laboratory hosted a few short talks about the latest stop for the New Horizons mission. The speakers were all space people. With the exception of Kenneth Lacovara. Who’s a paleontologist, based at Rowan University in New Jersey4. Lacovara has found the remains5 of the largest-known dinosaurs7. Including Dreadnoughtus, which weighed in at about 65 tons. Its femur is as tall as an NBA shooting guard.
Lacovara gave a brief talk for the Web cast New Year’s Eve that puts the study of Ultima Thule in a somewhat different context than we may usually think about space missions. I happened to be watching live and I grabbed the audio to share with you. Enjoy!
[applause]
Kenneth Lacovara: Thank you. Thank you, Alan Stern and the New Horizons team for having me. This will be a night to remember.
You know, the past is out there. It's beneath our feet and in the heavens above. And we can learn from it. We should learn from it. "The further back you look, the further ahead you will see," Winston Churchill said. Indeed, we would all like to have access to the future but that's impossible. It's only the past that gives us predictive insight into what the future may hold. It's the past that is our guide. Who are we? Where did we come from? What is our place in space and time? These are the fundamental questions of the human condition that transcend8 culture and generations.
We can gain insight into these monumental, existential questions by traveling through time, into the Earth's crust, excavating9 the rocks and the bones of the many past worlds that have been our Earth. Or, we can travel to the further shores of our solar system and meet the past, as it lies preserved in the darkest, iciest outposts of our star's domain10.
The New Horizons space probe rendezvous11 with Ultima Thule culminates12 tonight, in a poignant13 moment in the evolution of exploration as it encounters this ancient, mysterious voyager. New Horizons will transform from a journey into space into the journey into the depths of deep time. Like a fossil in the sky, Ultima Thule survives as a remnant of the earliest moments of our solar system. Frozen and pristine14, it bears everlasting15 witness to both the cataclysms16 and the slow motion workings of worlds that have shaped the retinue17 of planets beneath.
Ultima Thule once shared the solar system with an Earth devoid18 of any living thing, a planet boiled and sterilized19 by incessant20 cosmic bombardment. When the worst of it ended life grabbed hold and never let go. For three billion years Ultima Thule circled the sun while nothing more complex than clumps21 of microbes agitated22 in our planet's primordial23 ocean. It was out there, floating in space when cells on Earth began to cooperate, building bodies, and grouping themselves into tissues. It arced through Cambrian skies when the major branches of the tree of life emerged from our common stock.
And when the lobe-finned fish climbed out from the seas it was there, tracing endless ellipses24 in the void. There, moving, always moving silently above when the dinosaurs were new and could terrorize nothing bigger than a bug25. There, in the sky, over every muddy Spinosaurus, every quarrelsome Velociraptor, every bloodthirsty T. rex. And there, unbeknownst to every insatiable Dreadnoughtus, [laughter], when the reign26 of the dinosaurs came crashing down in a cosmic accident, it was there to witness the rise of the mammals, and the ascent27 of the apes, through which our solar system became aware of itself.
And now, after a long prelude28, we "twins of the same womb" – to borrow a phrase from the poet, Marge Piercy, the apes of Earth and Ultima Thule, are set to meet in a most improbably rendezvous [laughter]. Tonight, like a paleontologist revealing a dinosaur6 bone and linking its existence to our own, New Horizons will drill into our ancient past as it flies by this tiny, frozen world and will glimpse a fossilized moment in time, a moment that led to the coalescence29 of our planets, to the transformation30 of geology into biology, and the evolution of spectacular and improbably creatures such as dinosaurs, and ourselves.
From this lonely vantage point near the ends of our solar systems, New Horizons will offer the world the humbling31 perspective that only deep time and deep space can provide as it digs like a pick axe32 in the sky into our wondrous33 past. Thank you. Congratulations
[applause]
Mirsky: Thanks to the John Hopkins Applied Physics Lab and to Ken3 Lacovara for green-lighting my use of their audio. We’ll be back in a few days with a more traditional episode of Science Talk. Til then, check out www.scientificamerican.com for our continuing coverage of the New Horizons mission and for all your science news.
And follow us on Twitter, where you’ll get a tweet whenever a new item hits the Web site. Our twitter name is @sciam. For Scientific American’s Science Talk, I’m Steve Mirsky, thanks for clicking on us.
1 coverage | |
n.报导,保险范围,保险额,范围,覆盖 | |
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2 applied | |
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用 | |
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3 ken | |
n.视野,知识领域 | |
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4 jersey | |
n.运动衫 | |
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5 remains | |
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹 | |
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6 dinosaur | |
n.恐龙 | |
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7 dinosaurs | |
n.恐龙( dinosaur的名词复数 );守旧落伍的人,过时落后的东西 | |
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8 transcend | |
vt.超出,超越(理性等)的范围 | |
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9 excavating | |
v.挖掘( excavate的现在分词 );开凿;挖出;发掘 | |
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10 domain | |
n.(活动等)领域,范围;领地,势力范围 | |
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11 rendezvous | |
n.约会,约会地点,汇合点;vi.汇合,集合;vt.使汇合,使在汇合地点相遇 | |
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12 culminates | |
v.达到极点( culminate的第三人称单数 ) | |
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13 poignant | |
adj.令人痛苦的,辛酸的,惨痛的 | |
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14 pristine | |
adj.原来的,古时的,原始的,纯净的,无垢的 | |
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15 everlasting | |
adj.永恒的,持久的,无止境的 | |
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16 cataclysms | |
n.(突然降临的)大灾难( cataclysm的名词复数 ) | |
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17 retinue | |
n.侍从;随员 | |
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18 devoid | |
adj.全无的,缺乏的 | |
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19 sterilized | |
v.消毒( sterilize的过去式和过去分词 );使无菌;使失去生育能力;使绝育 | |
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20 incessant | |
adj.不停的,连续的 | |
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21 clumps | |
n.(树、灌木、植物等的)丛、簇( clump的名词复数 );(土、泥等)团;块;笨重的脚步声v.(树、灌木、植物等的)丛、簇( clump的第三人称单数 );(土、泥等)团;块;笨重的脚步声 | |
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22 agitated | |
adj.被鼓动的,不安的 | |
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23 primordial | |
adj.原始的;最初的 | |
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24 ellipses | |
n.椭园,省略号;椭圆( ellipse的名词复数 );(语法结构上的)省略( ellipsis的名词复数 ) | |
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25 bug | |
n.虫子;故障;窃听器;vt.纠缠;装窃听器 | |
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26 reign | |
n.统治时期,统治,支配,盛行;v.占优势 | |
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27 ascent | |
n.(声望或地位)提高;上升,升高;登高 | |
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28 prelude | |
n.序言,前兆,序曲 | |
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29 coalescence | |
n.合并,联合 | |
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30 transformation | |
n.变化;改造;转变 | |
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31 humbling | |
adj.令人羞辱的v.使谦恭( humble的现在分词 );轻松打败(尤指强大的对手);低声下气 | |
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32 axe | |
n.斧子;v.用斧头砍,削减 | |
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33 wondrous | |
adj.令人惊奇的,奇妙的;adv.惊人地;异乎寻常地;令人惊叹地 | |
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