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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
CHAPTER 7
Monseigneur in Town
MONSEIGNEUR, one of the great lords in power at the Court, held his fortnightly reception in his grand hotel in Paris. Monseigneur was in his inner room, his sanctuary1 of sanctuaries2, the Holiest of Holiests to the crowd of worshippers in the suite3 of rooms without. Monseigneur was about to take his chocolate. Monseigneur could swallow a great many things with ease, and was by some few sullen4 minds supposed to be rather rapidly swallowing France; but, his morning's chocolate could not so much as get into the throat of Monseigneur, without the aid of four strong men besides the Cook.
Yes. It took four men, all four a-blaze with gorgeous decoration, and the Chief of them unable to exist with fewer than two gold watches in his pocket, emulative5 of the noble and chaste6 fashion set by Monseigneur, to conduct the happy chocolate to Monseigneur's lips. One lacquey carried the chocolate-pot into the sacred presence; a second, milled and frothed the chocolate with the little instrument he bore for that function; a third, presented the favoured napkin; a fourth (he of the two old watches), poured the chocolate out. It was impossible Monseigneur to dispense7 with one of these attendants on the chocolate and hold his high place under the admiring Heavens. Deep would have been the blot8 upon his escutcheon if his chocolate had been ignobly9 waited on by only three men; he must have died of two.
Monseigneur had been out at a little supper last night, where the Comedy and the Grand Opera were charmingly represented. Monseigneur was out at a little supper most nights, with fascinating company. So polite and so impressible was Monseigneur, that the Comedy and the Grand Opera had far more influence with him in the tiresome10 articles of state affairs and state secrets, than the needs of all France. A happy circumstance for France, as the like always is for all countries similarly favoured!--always was for England (by way of example), in the regretted days of the merry Stuart who sold it.
Monseigneur had one truly noble idea of general public business, which was, to let everything go on in its own way; of particular public business, Monseigneur had the other truly noble idea that it must all go his way--tend to his own power and pocket. Of his pleasures, general and particular, Monseigneur had the other truly noble idea, that the world was made for them. The text of his order (altered from the original by only a pronoun, which is not much) `ran: `The earth and the fulness thereof are mine, saith Monseigneur.'
Yet, Monseigneur had slowly found that vulgar embarrassments11 crept into his affairs, both private and public; and he had, as to both classes of affairs, allied12 himself perforce with a Farmer-General. As to finances public, because Monseigneur could not make anything at all of them, and must consequently let them out to somebody who could; as to finances private, because Farmer-Generals were rich, and Monseigneur, after generations of great luxury and expense, was growing poor. Hence Monseigneur had taken his sister from a convent, while there was yet time to ward13 off the impending14 veil, the cheapest garment she could wear, and had bestowed15 her as a prize upon a very rich Farmer-General, poor in family. Which Farmer-General, carrying an appropriate cane16 with a golden apple on the top of it, was now among the company in the outer rooms, much prostrated17 before by mankind--always excepting superior mankind of the blood of Monseigneur, who, his own wife included, looked down upon him with the loftiest contempt.
A sumptuous18 man was the Farmer-General. Thirty horses stood in his stables, twenty-four male domestics sat in his halls, six body-women waited on his wife. As one who pre-tended to do nothing but plunder19 and forage20 where he could, the Farmer-General--howsoever his matrimonial relations conduced to social morality--was at least the greatest reality among the personages who attended at the hotel of Monseigneur that day.
For, the rooms, though a beautiful scene to look at, and adorned21 with every device of decoration that the taste and skill of the time could achieve, were, in truth, not a sound business; considered with any reference to the scarecrows in the rags and nightcaps elsewhere (and not so far off, either, but that the watching towers of Notre Dame22, almost equidistant from the two extremes, could see them both), they would have been an exceedingly uncomfortable business--if that could have been anybody's business, at the house of Monseigneur. Military officers destitute23 of military knowledge; naval24 officers with no idea of a ship; civil officers without a notion of affairs; brazen25 ecclesiastics27, of the worst world worldly, with sensual eyes, loose tongues, and looser lives; all totally unfit for their several callings, all lying horribly in pretending to belong to them, but all nearly or remotely of the order of Monseigneur, and therefore foisted28 on all public employments from which anything was to be got; these were to be told off by the score and the score. People not immediately connected with Monseigneur or the State, yet equally unconnected with anything that was real, or with lives passed in travelling by any straight road to any true earthly end, were no less abundant. Doctors who made great fortunes out of dainty remedies for imaginary disorders29 that never existed, smiled upon their courtly patients in the ante-chambers30 of Monseigneur. Projectors31 who had discovered every kind of remedy for the little evils with which the State was touched, except the remedy of setting to work in earnest to root out a single sin, poured their distracting babble32 into any ears they could lay hold of, at the reception of Monseigneur. Unbelieving Philosophers who were remodelling33 the world with words, and making card-towers of Babel to scale the skies with, talked with unbelieving Chemists who had an eye on the transmutation of metals, at this wonderful gathering34 accumulated by Monseigneur. Exquisite35 gentlemen of the finest breeding, which was at that remarkable36 time-and has been since--to be known by its fruits of indifference37 to every natural subject of human interest, were in the most exemplary state of exhaustion38, at the hotel of Monseigneur. Such homes had these various notabilities left behind them in the fine world of Paris, that the spies among the assembled devotees of Monseigneur--forming a goodly half of the polite company--would have found it hard to discover among the angels of that sphere one solitary39 wife, who, in her manners and appearance, owned to being a Mother. Indeed, except for the mere40 act of bringing a troublesome creature into this world--which does not go far towards the realisation of the name of mother--there was no such thing known to the fashion. Peasant women kept the unfashionable babies close, and brought them up, and charming grandmammas of sixty dressed and supped as at twenty.
The leprosy of unreality disfigured every human creature in attendance upon Monseigneur. In the outermost41 room were half a dozen exceptional people who had had, for a few years, some vague misgiving42 in them that things in general were going rather wrong. As a promising43 way of setting them right, half of the half-dozen had become members of a fantastic sect44 of Convulsionists, and were even then considering within themselves whether they should foam45, rage, roar, and turn cataleptic on the spot--thereby setting up a highly intelligible46 finger-post to the Future, for Monseigneur's guidance. Besides these Dervishes, were other three who had rushed into another sect, which mended matters with a jargon47 about `the Centre of Truth' holding that Man had got out of the Centre of Truth--which did not need much demonstration48 but had not got out of the Circumference49, and that he was to be kept from flying out of the Circumference, and was even to be shoved back into the Centre, by fasting and seeing of spirits. Among these, accordingly, much discoursing50 with spirits went on--and it did a world of good which never became manifest.
But, the comfort was, that all the company at the grand hotel of Monseigneur were perfectly51 dressed. If the Day of Judgment52 had only been ascertained53 to be a dress day, everybody there would have been eternally correct. Such frizzling and powdering and sticking up of hair, such delicate complexions54 artificially preserved and mended, such gallant55 swords to look at, and such delicate honour to the sense of smell, would surely keep anything going, for ever and ever. The exquisite gentlemen of the finest breeding wore little pendent trinkets that chinked as they languidly moved; these golden fetters56 rang like precious little bells; and what with that ringing, and with the rustle57 of silk and brocade and fine linen58, there was a flutter in the air that fanned Saint Antoine and his devouring59 hunger far away.
Dress was the one unfailing talisman60 and charm used for keeping all things in their places. Everybody was dressed for a Fancy Ball that was never to leave off. From the Palace of the Tuileries, through Monseigneur and the whole Court, through the Chambers, the Tribunals of Justice, and all society (except the scarecrows), the Fancy Ball descended61 to the common Executioner: who, in pursuance of the charm, was required to officiate `frizzled, powdered, in a gold-laced coat, pumps, and white silk stockings.' At the gallows62 and the wheel--the axe63 was a rarity--Monsieur Paris, as it was the episcopal mode among his brother Professors of the provinces, Monsieur Orleans, and the rest, to call him, presided in this dainty dress. And who among the company at Monseigneur's reception in that seventeen hundred and eightieth year of our Lord, could possibly doubt, that a system rooted in a frizzled hangman, powdered, gold-laced, pumped, and white-silk stockinged, would see the very stars out!
Monseigneur having eased his four men of their burdens and taken his chocolate, caused the doors of the Holiest of Holiests to be thrown open, and issued forth64. Then, what submission65, what cringing66 and fawning67, what servility, what abject68 humiliation69! As to bowing down in body and spirit, nothing in that way was left for Heaven--which may have been one among other reasons why the worshippers of Monseigneur never troubled it.
Bestowing70 a word of promise here and a smile there, a whisper on one happy slave and a wave of the hand on another, Monseigneur affably passed through his rooms to the remote region of the Circumference of Truth. There, Monseigneur turned, and came back again, and so in due course of time got himself shut up in his sanctuary by the chocolate sprites, and was seen no more.
The show being over, the flutter in the air became quite a little storm, and the precious little bells went ringing down-stairs. There was soon but one person left of all the crowd, and he, with his hat under his arm and his snuff-box in his hand, slowly passed among the mirrors on his way out.
`I devote you,' said this person, stopping at the last door on his way, and turning in the direction of the sanctuary, `to the Devil!'
With that, he shook the snuff from his fingers as if he had shaken the dust from his feet, and quietly walked down stairs.
He was a man of about sixty, handsomely dressed, haughty71 in manner, and with a face like a fine mask. A face of a transparent72 paleness; every feature in it clearly defined; one set expression on it. The nose: beautifully formed otherwise, was very slightly pinched at the top of each nostril73. In those two compressions, or dints, the only little change that the face ever showed, resided. They persisted in changing colour come-times, and they would be occasionally dilated74 and contracted by something like a faint pulsation75; then, they gave a look of treachery, and cruelty, to the whole countenance76. Examined with attention, its capacity of helping77 such a look was to be found in the line of the mouth, and the lines of the orbits of the eyes, being much too horizontal and thin; still, in the effect the face made, it was a handsome face, and a remarkable one.
Its owner went down stairs into the court-yard, got into his carriage, and drove away. Not many people had talked with him at the reception; he had stood in a little space apart, and Monseigneur might have been warmer in his manner. It appeared, under the circumstances, rather agreeable to him to see the common people dispersed78 before his horses, and often barely escaping from being run down. His man drove as if he were charging an enemy, and the furious recklessness of the man brought no check into the face, or to the lips, of the master. The complaint had sometimes made itself audible, even in that deaf city and dumb age, that, in the narrow streets without footways, the fierce patrician79 custom of hard driving endangered and maimed the mere vulgar in a barbarous manner. But, few cared enough for that to think of it a second time, and, in this matter, as in all others, the common wretches80 were left to get out of their difficulties as they could.
With a wild rattle81 and clatter82, and an inhuman83 abandonment of consideration not easy to be understood in these days, the carriage dashed through streets and swept round corners, with women screaming before it, and men clutching each other and clutching children out of its way. At last, swooping84 at a street corner by a fountain, one of its wheels came to a sickening little jolt85, and there was a loud cry from a number of voices, and the horses reared and plunged86.
But for the latter inconvenience, the carriage probably would not have stopped; carriages were often known to drive on, and leave their wounded behind, and why not? But the frightened valet had got down in a hurry, and there were twenty hands at the horses' bridles87.
`What has gone wrong?' said Monsieur, calmly looking out.
A tall man in a nightcap had caught up a bundle from among the feet of the horses, and had laid it on the basement of the fountain, and was down in the mud and wet, howling over it like a wild animal.
`Pardon, Monsieur the Marquis!' said a ragged88 and submissive man, `it is a child.'
`Why does he make that abominable89 noise? Is it his child?'
`Excuse me, Monsieur the Marquis--it is a pity--yes.'
The fountain was a little removed; for the street opened, where it was, into a space some ten or twelve yards square. As the tall man suddenly got up from the ground, and came running at the carriage, Monsieur the Marquis clapped his hand for an instant on his sword-hilt.'
`Killed!' shrieked90 the man, in wild desperation, extending both arms at their length above his head, and staring at him. `Dead!'
The people closed round, and looked at Monsieur the Marquis. There was nothing revealed by the many eyes that looked at him but watchfulness91 and eagerness; there was no visible menacing or anger. Neither did the people say anything; after the first cry, they had been silent, and they remained so. The voice of the submissive man who had spoken, was flat and tame in its extreme submission. Monsieur the Marquis ran his eyes over them all, as if they had been mere rats come out of their holes.
He took out his purse.
`It is extraordinary to me,' said he, `that you people cannot take care of yourselves and your children. One or the other of you is for ever in the way. How do I know what injury you have done my horses? See! Give him that.'
He threw out a gold coin for the valet to pick up, and all the heads craned forward that all the eyes might look down at it as it fell. The tall man called out again with a most unearthly cry, `Dead!'
He was arrested by the quick arrival of another man, for whom the rest made way. On seeing him, the miserable92 creature fell upon his shoulder, sobbing93 and crying, and pointing to the fountain, where some women were stooping over the motionless bundle, and moving gently about it. They were as silent, however, as the men.
`I know all, I know all,' said the last comer. `Be a brave man, my Gaspard! It is better for the poor little plaything to die so, than to live. It has died in a moment without pain. Could it have lived an hour as happily?'
`You are a philosopher, you there,' said the Marquis, smiling. `How do they call you?'
`They call me Defarge.'
`Of what trade?'
`Monsieur the Marquis, vendor94 of wine.'
`Pick up that, philosopher and vendor of wine,' said the Marquis, throwing him another gold coin, `and spend it as you will. The horses there; are they right?
Without deigning95 to look at the assemblage a second time, Monsieur the Marquis leaned back in his seat, and was just being driven away with the air of a gentleman who had accidentally broken some common thing, and had paid for it, and could afford to pay for it; when his ease was suddenly disturbed by a coin flying into his carriage, and ringing on its floor.
`Hold!' said Monsieur the Marquis. `Hold the horses! Who threw that?'
He looked to the spot where Defarge the vendor of wine had stood, a moment before; but the wretched father was grovelling96 on his face on the pavement in that spot, and the figure that stood beside him was the figure of a dark stout97 woman, knitting.
`You dogs!' said the Marquis, but smoothly98, and with an unchanged front, except as to the spots on his nose: `I would ride over any of you very willingly, and exterminate99 you from the earth. If I knew which rascal100 threw at the carriage, and if that brigand101 were sufficiently102 near it, he should be crushed under the wheels.'
So cowed was their condition, and so long and hard their experience of what such a man could do to them, within the law and beyond it, that not a voice, or a hand, or even an eye was raised. Among the men, not one. But the woman who stood knitting looked up steadily103, and looked the Marquis in the face. It was not for his dignity to notice it; his contemptuous eyes passed over her, and over all the other rats; and he leaned back in his seat again, and gave the word `Go on!'
He was driven on, and other carriages came whirling by in quick succession; the Minister, the State-Projector, the Farmer-General, the Doctor, the Lawyer, the Ecclesiastic26, the Grand Opera, the Comedy, the whole Fancy Ball in a bright continuous flow, came whirling by. The rats had crept out of their holes to look on, and they remained looking on for hours; soldiers and police often passing between them and the spectacle, and making a barrier behind which they slunk, and through which they peeped. The father had long ago taken up his bundle and hidden himself away with it, when the women who had tended the bundle while it lay on the base of the fountain, sat there watching the running of the water and the rolling of the Fancy Ball--when the one woman who had stood conspicuous104, knitting, still knitted on with the steadfastness105 of Fate. The water of the fountain ran, the swift river ran, the day ran into evening, so much life in the city ran into death according to rule, time and tide waited for no man, the rats were sleeping close together in their dark holes again, the Fancy Ball was lighted up at supper, all things ran their course.
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sanctuary
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| n.圣所，圣堂，寺庙；禁猎区，保护区 | |
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sanctuaries
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| n.避难所( sanctuary的名词复数 )；庇护；圣所；庇护所 | |
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suite
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| n.一套(家具)；套房；随从人员 | |
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sullen
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| adj.愠怒的，闷闷不乐的，(天气等)阴沉的 | |
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emulative
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| adj.好胜 | |
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chaste
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| adj.贞洁的；有道德的；善良的；简朴的 | |
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dispense
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| vt.分配，分发；配(药)，发(药)；实施 | |
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blot
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| vt.弄脏（用吸墨纸）吸干；n.污点，污渍 | |
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ignobly
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| 卑贱地，下流地 | |
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tiresome
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| adj.令人疲劳的，令人厌倦的 | |
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embarrassments
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| n.尴尬( embarrassment的名词复数 )；难堪；局促不安；令人难堪或耻辱的事 | |
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allied
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| adj.协约国的；同盟国的 | |
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ward
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| n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开 | |
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impending
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| a.imminent, about to come or happen | |
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bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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cane
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| n.手杖，细长的茎，藤条；v.以杖击，以藤编制的 | |
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prostrated
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| v.使俯伏，使拜倒( prostrate的过去式和过去分词 )；（指疾病、天气等）使某人无能为力 | |
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sumptuous
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| adj.豪华的，奢侈的，华丽的 | |
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plunder
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| vt.劫掠财物，掠夺；n.劫掠物，赃物；劫掠 | |
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forage
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| n.(牛马的)饲料，粮草；v.搜寻，翻寻 | |
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adorned
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| [计]被修饰的 | |
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dame
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| n.女士 | |
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destitute
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| adj.缺乏的；穷困的 | |
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naval
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| adj.海军的，军舰的，船的 | |
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brazen
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| adj.厚脸皮的，无耻的，坚硬的 | |
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ecclesiastic
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| n.教士，基督教会；adj.神职者的，牧师的，教会的 | |
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ecclesiastics
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| n.神职者，教会，牧师( ecclesiastic的名词复数 ) | |
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foisted
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| 强迫接受，把…强加于( foist的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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disorders
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| n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调 | |
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chambers
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| n.房间( chamber的名词复数 )；（议会的）议院；卧室；会议厅 | |
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projectors
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| 电影放映机，幻灯机( projector的名词复数 ) | |
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babble
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| v.含糊不清地说，胡言乱语地说，儿语 | |
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remodelling
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| v.改变…的结构[形状]( remodel的现在分词 ) | |
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gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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indifference
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| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
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exhaustion
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| n.耗尽枯竭，疲惫，筋疲力尽，竭尽，详尽无遗的论述 | |
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solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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outermost
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| adj.最外面的，远离中心的 | |
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misgiving
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| n.疑虑，担忧，害怕 | |
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promising
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| adj.有希望的，有前途的 | |
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sect
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| n.派别，宗教，学派，派系 | |
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foam
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| v./n.泡沫，起泡沫 | |
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intelligible
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| adj.可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的 | |
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jargon
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| n.术语，行话 | |
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demonstration
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| n.表明，示范，论证，示威 | |
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circumference
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| n.圆周，周长，圆周线 | |
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discoursing
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| 演说（discourse的现在分词形式） | |
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perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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ascertained
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| v.弄清，确定，查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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complexions
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| 肤色( complexion的名词复数 )； 面色； 局面； 性质 | |
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gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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fetters
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| n.脚镣( fetter的名词复数 )；束缚v.给…上脚镣，束缚( fetter的第三人称单数 ) | |
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57
rustle
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| v.沙沙作响；偷盗(牛、马等)；n.沙沙声声 | |
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58
linen
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| n.亚麻布，亚麻线，亚麻制品；adj.亚麻布制的，亚麻的 | |
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59
devouring
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| 吞没( devour的现在分词 )； 耗尽； 津津有味地看； 狼吞虎咽地吃光 | |
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60
talisman
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| n.避邪物，护身符 | |
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61
descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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62
gallows
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| n.绞刑架，绞台 | |
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63
axe
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| n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减 | |
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64
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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65
submission
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| n.服从，投降；温顺，谦虚；提出 | |
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66
cringing
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| adj.谄媚，奉承 | |
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67
fawning
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| adj.乞怜的，奉承的v.（尤指狗等）跳过来往人身上蹭以示亲热( fawn的现在分词 )；巴结；讨好 | |
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68
abject
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| adj.极可怜的，卑屈的 | |
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69
humiliation
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| n.羞辱 | |
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70
bestowing
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| 砖窑中砖堆上层已烧透的砖 | |
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71
haughty
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| adj.傲慢的，高傲的 | |
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72
transparent
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| adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的 | |
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73
nostril
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| n.鼻孔 | |
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74
dilated
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| adj.加宽的，扩大的v.（使某物）扩大，膨胀，张大( dilate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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75
pulsation
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| n.脉搏，悸动，脉动；搏动性 | |
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76
countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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77
helping
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| n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的 | |
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78
dispersed
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| adj. 被驱散的, 被分散的, 散布的 | |
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79
patrician
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| adj.贵族的，显贵的；n.贵族；有教养的人；罗马帝国的地方官 | |
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80
wretches
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| n.不幸的人( wretch的名词复数 )；可怜的人；恶棍；坏蛋 | |
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81
rattle
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| v.飞奔，碰响；激怒；n.碰撞声；拨浪鼓 | |
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82
clatter
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| v./n.(使)发出连续而清脆的撞击声 | |
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83
inhuman
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| adj.残忍的，不人道的，无人性的 | |
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84
swooping
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| 俯冲，猛冲( swoop的现在分词 ) | |
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85
jolt
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| v.（使）摇动，（使）震动，（使）颠簸 | |
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86
plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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87
bridles
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| 约束( bridle的名词复数 )； 限动器； 马笼头； 系带 | |
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88
ragged
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| adj.衣衫褴褛的，粗糙的，刺耳的 | |
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89
abominable
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| adj.可厌的，令人憎恶的 | |
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90
shrieked
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| v.尖叫( shriek的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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91
watchfulness
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| 警惕，留心； 警觉（性） | |
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92
miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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93
sobbing
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| <主方>Ⅰ adj.湿透的 | |
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94
vendor
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| n.卖主；小贩 | |
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95
deigning
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| v.屈尊，俯就( deign的现在分词 ) | |
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96
grovelling
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| adj.卑下的，奴颜婢膝的v.卑躬屈节，奴颜婢膝( grovel的现在分词 )；趴 | |
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97
stout
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| adj.强壮的，粗大的，结实的，勇猛的，矮胖的 | |
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98
smoothly
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| adv.平滑地，顺利地，流利地，流畅地 | |
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99
exterminate
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| v.扑灭，消灭，根绝 | |
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100
rascal
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| n.流氓；不诚实的人 | |
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101
brigand
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| n.土匪，强盗 | |
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102
sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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103
steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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104
conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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105
steadfastness
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| n.坚定，稳当 | |
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