时代周刊 科学家们还是有望根治艾滋病(3)

He remains¹ the only HIV-positive person with undetectable levels of virus without using ARV medications.

到目前为止，他仍然是唯一一位在没有使用抗逆转录病毒药物的情况下也没有检测到病毒的艾滋病毒阳性患者。

Other people have since seemed to mimic² his case, but HIV eventually came back in each one.

后来也有人效仿他，但每一位患者最后都复发了。

Brown’s case suggests that curing HIV is possible—

布朗的案例表明，治愈艾滋病毒确有可能——

but it may require cleaning out practically every scrap³ of HIV that may be hiding in the body,

只不过可能需要清除隐藏在体内的所有艾滋病病毒，

says Dr. Steven Deeks, professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.

加州大学旧金山分校医学教授史蒂文·迪克斯博士说到。

"You probably need to get as close to zero viruses as you possibly can,” he says.

“可能需要尽可能最大限度地将病毒全部消除，”他说。

"The last man standing⁴ can always pop up and get you in the end."

“剩下的最后一个人往往也是突然跳起来将你击倒的那个人。”

Even if you can’t ferret out and eradicate⁵ every last remnant of HIV in every patient,

即便不能找出并根除掉每位患者身上的最后一个残余艾滋病毒，

researchers now believe that you could rebuild a person’s immune system so it can successfully eliminate whatever virus remains.

研究者们还是认为可以通过重启患者的免疫系统让它彻底消灭所有的残余病毒。

Cancer experts are already using these types of strategies in their fight against tumors, by programming the immune system to attack malignant⁶ cells.

癌症专家已经在用这类策略治疗肿瘤了，具体做法就是通过对免疫系统进行编码来攻击恶性细胞。

"I am optimistic, because the parallels in what we are doing in HIV and what others are doing in cancer are so great,

“我对这一研究前景是持乐观态度的，因为我们所做的艾滋病研究和其他研究者所做的癌症研究的相似度非常高，

that we will be able to leverage⁷ what they figure out and apply it to a cure for HIV,” says Deeks.

他们的研究结果可以为我们所用，帮助我们找出治愈艾滋病的方案，”迪克斯说。

Deeks is part of an NIH-funded collaboration⁸ of HIV experts

他也是美国国家卫生研究所赞助的那群艾滋病专家中的一员，

who are investigating not just the shock-and-kill approach but also another way to neutralize⁹ the virus:

他们现在正在研究“激活并杀死”治疗，以及另外一种能够中和病毒的方法：

by permanently¹⁰ locking down HIV inside the cells where it lies dormant¹¹ so it can never be reactivated again.

通过让细胞内的休眠病毒永久性地休眠，使其永远不会被激活。

Researchers are also studying ways to genetically¹² splice¹³ out HIV from infected cells.

研究者们还在研究如何从遗传的角度将病毒从感染细胞中剪接出来的办法。

And amfAR is supporting a study that so far involves 30 people with HIV who, like Brown, also developed leukemia and required bone-marrow transplants,

此外，amfAR也赞助了一项迄今为止研究了30名HIV感染者的研究，这些人和布朗一样，也患上了白血病，也需要进行骨髓移植，

to see if that strategy could be a reasonable option for curing the infection for some people.

该研究就是为了判定这一方案是否可能成为治疗某些患者的感染的合理选项。

No one in the field expects HIV to be vanquished¹⁴ in the next year or so.

没有人指望艾滋病毒能够在一两年内被铲除。

But they are more confident than ever that some type of cure will be part of HIV treatment in the future."

但他们还是比以往任何时候都更加坚信，未来总有一种治愈手段成为艾滋病治疗方案的一部分。

1 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

2 mimic   

v.模仿，戏弄；n.模仿他人言行的人

参考例句：

• A parrot can mimic a person's voice.鹦鹉能学人的声音。
• He used to mimic speech peculiarities of another.他过去总是模仿别人讲话的特点。

3 scrap   

n.碎片；废料；v.废弃，报废

参考例句：

• A man comes round regularly collecting scrap.有个男人定时来收废品。
• Sell that car for scrap.把那辆汽车当残品卖了吧。

4 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

5 eradicate   

v.根除，消灭，杜绝

参考例句：

• These insects are very difficult to eradicate.这些昆虫很难根除。
• They are already battling to eradicate illnesses such as malaria and tetanus.他们已经在努力消灭疟疾、破伤风等疾病。

6 malignant   

adj.恶性的，致命的；恶意的，恶毒的

参考例句：

• Alexander got a malignant slander.亚历山大受到恶意的诽谤。
• He started to his feet with a malignant glance at Winston.他爬了起来，不高兴地看了温斯顿一眼。

7 leverage   

n.力量，影响；杠杆作用，杠杆的力量

参考例句：

• We'll have to use leverage to move this huge rock.我们不得不借助杠杆之力来移动这块巨石。
• He failed in the project because he could gain no leverage. 因为他没有影响力，他的计划失败了。

8 collaboration   

n.合作，协作；勾结

参考例句：

• The two companies are working in close collaboration each other.这两家公司密切合作。
• He was shot for collaboration with the enemy.他因通敌而被枪毙了。

9 neutralize   

v.使失效、抵消，使中和

参考例句：

• Nothing could neutralize its good effects.没有什么能抵消它所产生的好影响。
• Acids neutralize alkalis and vice versa.酸能使碱中和碱，亦能使酸中和。

10 permanently   

adv.永恒地，永久地，固定不变地

参考例句：

• The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
• The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。

11 dormant   

adj.暂停活动的；休眠的；潜伏的

参考例句：

• Many animals are in a dormant state during winter.在冬天许多动物都处于睡眠状态。
• This dormant volcano suddenly fired up.这座休眠火山突然爆发了。

12 genetically   

adv.遗传上

参考例句：

• All the bees in the colony are genetically related. 同一群体的蜜蜂都有亲缘关系。
• Genetically modified foods have already arrived on American dinner tables. 经基因改造加工过的食物已端上了美国人的餐桌。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 基因与食物

13 splice   

v.接合，衔接；n.胶接处，粘接处

参考例句：

• He taught me to edit and splice film.他教我剪辑和粘接胶片。
• The film will be spliced with footage of Cypress Hill to be filmed in America.这部电影要和将在美国拍摄的柏树山乐队的音乐片段粘接在一起。

14 vanquished   

v.征服( vanquish的过去式和过去分词 )；战胜；克服；抑制

参考例句：

• She had fought many battles, vanquished many foes. 她身经百战，挫败过很多对手。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I vanquished her coldness with my assiduity. 我对她关心照顾从而消除了她的冷淡。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》