时代周刊:匈牙利极右翼领导人连任 欧洲忧患在即(1)

The re-election of Hungary's far-right leader should worry Europe

匈牙利极右翼领导人连任 欧洲忧患在即

VIKTOR ORBAN AND Fidesz, his party, won a landslide¹ victory on April 8 that gives them a supermajority of seats in Hungary's parliament.

4月8日，维克托·欧尔班及其政党青民盟在匈牙利议会中赢得了绝对多数席位，取得了压倒性胜利。

Polls underestimated the party's support, and turnout was higher than many expected, at a near record 69%.

民调低估了该党的支持率，最终的投票率达到了几乎就要创纪录的69%，这一比例也超出了许多人的预期。

Orban, who will now serve a third consecutive² four-year term as Prime Minister,

欧尔班即将第三次连任任期四年的总理，

ran almost his entire campaign on fear of migrants and grievance³ toward the E.U. over refugee quotas⁴.

他的整个竞选活动几乎都是围绕对移民的恐惧和对欧盟难民配额的不满展开的。

And with Fidesz's winning a two-thirds majority in parliament,

由于青民盟这次在议会赢得了三分之二的多数席位，

Orban will no doubt become more confrontational⁵ with the European leadership in Brussels.

欧尔班无疑将与布鲁塞尔的欧洲领导人展开更为激烈的对抗。

Orban's win marks a victory for his brand of “illiberal⁶ democracy,“ which represents a direct challenge to E.U. rules and values.

欧尔班的胜利即标志着他领导的，代表着对欧盟规则和价值观的直接挑战的“非自由民主”品牌的胜利。

It's a system of limited checks and balances in which the law exists mainly to protect the leaders and their mandate⁷.

该品牌是一个有限制衡的体系，在该体系下，法律的存在主要是为了保护领导人及其授权。

Judges and journalists are expected to promote and protect the rights and choices of those who win elections.

法官和记者们本应促进和保护那些赢得选举的代表的权利和选择。

To criticize or block the agenda of elected officials is to undermine the will of the people.

批判或阻挠民选官员的议事日程，就是破坏人民的意志。

Orban, who has championed illiberal democracy, will be building his next government over the next few weeks.

倡导非自由民主的欧尔班将在未来几周内组建下一届政府。

His supermajority will allow him to amend⁸ the country's constitution,

由于占据了绝对多数优势，他将有权修改国家宪法，

and he will move quickly to undermine the independence of the courts.

他也会迅速采取行动破坏法庭的独立性。

In May, Fidesz could pass the controversial “Stop Soros“ law, named for civil-society activist⁹ and Hungarian native George Soros,

5月，青民盟可能会通过有争议的，以公民社会活动家、匈牙利人乔治·索罗斯的名字命名的“阻止索罗斯”法案，

which could effectively ban the work of NGOs without government approval,

届时，该法案将能在未经政府批准的情况下有效禁止非政府组织，

notably¹⁰ ones that support migration¹¹ and pose a "nationalsecurity risk."

特别是那些支持移民并构成“国家安全风险”的非政府组织的工作。

1 landslide   

n.(竞选中)压倒多数的选票；一面倒的胜利

参考例句：

• Our candidate is predicated to win by a landslide.我们的候选人被预言将以绝对优势取胜。
• An electoral landslide put the Labour Party into power in 1945.1945年工党以压倒多数的胜利当选执政。

2 consecutive   

adj.连续的，联贯的，始终一贯的

参考例句：

• It has rained for four consecutive days.已连续下了四天雨。
• The policy of our Party is consecutive.我党的政策始终如一。

3 grievance   

n.怨愤，气恼，委屈

参考例句：

• He will not easily forget his grievance.他不会轻易忘掉他的委屈。
• He had been nursing a grievance against his boss for months.几个月来他对老板一直心怀不满。

4 quotas   

（正式限定的）定量( quota的名词复数 )； 定额； 指标； 摊派

参考例句：

• In fulfilling the production quotas, John made rings round all his fellow workers. 约翰完成生产定额大大超过他的同事们。
• Quotas of the means of production are allocated by the higher administrative bodies to the lower ones. 物资指标按隶属关系分配。

5 confrontational   

adj.挑衅的；对抗的

参考例句：

• Fans love rappers partly because they strike such a confrontational pose. 乐迷热爱这些饶舌艺人一定程度上是因为他们所采取的那种战斗姿态。 来自互联网
• You prefer a non confrontational approach when it comes to resolving disputes. 面对争端，你不喜欢采用对抗性的手段来解决。 来自互联网

6 illiberal   

adj.气量狭小的，吝啬的

参考例句：

• His views are markedly illiberal.他的观点非常狭隘。
• Don't be illiberal in your words to show your love.不要吝啬自己的语言表达你的情感。

7 mandate   

n.托管地；命令，指示

参考例句：

• The President had a clear mandate to end the war.总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
• The General Election gave him no such mandate.大选并未授予他这种权力。

8 amend   

vt.修改，修订，改进；n.[pl.]赔罪，赔偿

参考例句：

• The teacher advised him to amend his way of living.老师劝他改变生活方式。
• You must amend your pronunciation.你必须改正你的发音。

9 activist   

n.活动分子，积极分子

参考例句：

• He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
• He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。

10 notably   

adv.值得注意地，显著地，尤其地，特别地

参考例句：

• Many students were absent,notably the monitor.许多学生缺席，特别是连班长也没来。
• A notably short,silver-haired man,he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.他个子明显较为矮小，一头银发，每周都会和他的员工一起打几次篮球。

11 migration   

n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙

参考例句：

• Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
• He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。