时代周刊:传统黑人院校重获新生(1)

Rebirth on Campus

传统黑人院校重获新生

A NEW ERA OF PROTEST IS ENERGIZING¹ HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

传统黑人院校迎来了新的抗议时代

IT WAS A CHILLY² FRIDAY AFTERNOON IN early February,

这是二月初一个寒冷的星期五下午，

and a group of young activists³ huddled⁴ around a table

在亚特兰大西区一家既现代又接地气的咖啡馆里，

inside a modern, earthy café in Atlanta's West End neighborhood, planning their next moves.

一群年轻的积极分子正围在一张桌子旁，计划着下一步的行动。

Already, the group had worked to combat school privatization in the city.

在此之前，这群人就已经在努力抗争该市的学校私有化举措。

They had also plotted "school-to-activism pipelines⁵" for local kids.

他们还为当地孩子设计了“从纸上谈兵到行动主义的路线”。

The cause at hand now was a new stadium,

眼下的目标是一座新建的体育场，

and how to mitigate⁶ its financial impact on the longtime residents of a black community in its shadow.

以及如何减轻这座体育场对长期居住在其阴影之下的黑人社区造成的经济损失。

None of it could be called schoolwork,

尽管这些问题都不算作业，

yet it was exactly what Eva Dickerson aspired⁷ to three years ago when she chose to attend nearby Spelman College.

然而，这正是伊娃·迪克森三年前选择就读附近的斯佩尔曼学院时向往的事情。

The four year women's school is one of the country's highest-ranked historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs),

这所四年制的女校是美国历史上排名最高的传统黑人院校(HBCUs)之一——

a community of 101 schools that, as a group, have reemerged as centers of youth activism in the U.S.

这类院校一共有101所，作为一个整体，这些学校以美国青年社会运动中心的身份再次出现在了人们的视野之中。

As with Dickerson herself, the transition has come in stages.

与迪克森本人一样，这一转变也是分阶段进行的。

The college junior was 16 years old when Trayvon Martin was killed in 2012.

2012年，特拉万·马丁被杀时，现在已经大三的迪克森才16岁。

Her senior year in high school, she attended her first protests, in Baltimore, in the wake of Freddie Gray's death.

在她高中的最后一年，弗雷迪·格雷离开了人世，之后，她在巴尔的摩参加了人生的第一次抗议活动。

“I was just like, Yo, I'm black, I've got to do something,” Dickerson says.

“我当时就觉得，嗯，我也是黑人，我得做点什么，”迪克森说。

"And then I got to Spelman, and there were black people doing things consistently and making changes."

“所以我后面就去了斯佩尔曼，那里的黑人一直在搞社会运动，推动变革。”

She wanted to be a part of the movement.

她也希望成为那场运动的一份子。

The campuses that served as incubators for the civil rights movement in the mid–20th century are experiencing something of a renaissance⁸.

这些曾在20世纪中期发挥民权运动孵化器作用的传统院校如今正经历着某种复兴。

Freshman⁹ enrollment¹⁰ is up at 40% of HBCU schools,

宾夕法尼亚大学少数族裔服务机构中心主任加斯曼透露，

says Marybeth Gasman, director of the Penn Center for Minority Serving Institutions.

这些传统黑人院校的新生率已经上涨到了40%。

Cascading¹¹ national episodes of racial tension account for much of the surge,

人数激增的主要原因在于紧张的种族关系问题在全国范围内引起了连锁反应，

but the new energy also draws on tension— never new—between students and administrators¹².

不过，学生和当局之间的紧张关系——绝非新鲜——也为新活力的注入贡献了一臂之力。

As in past generations, students fired by a desire for change

和前几代人一样，有着强烈变革愿望的学生

are less inclined to hew¹³ to the line of often institutionally minded leaders,

很少愿意服从那些有着强烈制度意识的人的领导，

and protests have rocked institutions from Atlanta to Washington, D.C.,

抗议活动因此席卷了从亚特兰大到华盛顿的各大院校，

where students at Howard University occupied the administration building for nine days this spring.

就拿华盛顿地区来说，今年春天，霍华德大学的学生就占领了该校的行政大楼长达9天时间。

1 energizing   

v.给予…精力，能量( energize的现在分词 )；使通电

参考例句：

• a refreshing and energizing fruit drink 提神并增加体能的果汁饮料
• The time required after energizing a device, before its rated output characteristics begin to apply. 从设备通电到它开始提供额定输出特性之间所需的时间。 来自辞典例句

2 chilly   

adj.凉快的，寒冷的

参考例句：

• I feel chilly without a coat.我由于没有穿大衣而感到凉飕飕的。
• I grew chilly when the fire went out.炉火熄灭后，寒气逼人。

3 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 huddled   

挤在一起（huddle的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• We huddled together for warmth. 我们挤在一块取暖。
• We huddled together to keep warm. 我们挤在一起来保暖。

5 pipelines   

管道( pipeline的名词复数 )； 输油管道； 在考虑（或规划、准备） 中； 在酿中

参考例句：

• The oil is carried to the oil refinery by pipelines. 石油通过输油管输送到炼油厂。
• The oil carried in pipelines. 石油用管道输送。

6 mitigate   

vt.（使）减轻，（使）缓和

参考例句：

• The government is trying to mitigate the effects of inflation.政府正试图缓和通货膨胀的影响。
• Governments should endeavour to mitigate distress.政府应努力缓解贫困问题。

7 aspired   

v.渴望，追求( aspire的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• She aspired to a scientific career. 她有志于科学事业。
• Britain,France,the United States and Japan all aspired to hegemony after the end of World War I. 第一次世界大战后，英、法、美、日都想争夺霸权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 renaissance   

n.复活，复兴，文艺复兴

参考例句：

• The Renaissance was an epoch of unparalleled cultural achievement.文艺复兴是一个文化上取得空前成就的时代。
• The theme of the conference is renaissance Europe.大会的主题是文艺复兴时期的欧洲。

9 freshman   

n.大学一年级学生(可兼指男女)

参考例句：

• Jack decided to live in during his freshman year at college.杰克决定大一时住校。
• He is a freshman in the show business.他在演艺界是一名新手。

10 enrollment   

n.注册或登记的人数；登记

参考例句：

• You will be given a reading list at enrollment.注册时你会收到一份阅读书目。
• I just got the enrollment notice from Fudan University.我刚刚接到复旦大学的入学通知书。

11 cascading   

流注( cascade的现在分词 )； 大量落下； 大量垂悬； 梯流

参考例句：

• First of all, cascading menus are to be avoided at all costs. 首先，无论如何都要避免使用级联菜单。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
• Her sounds began cascading gently. 他的声音开始缓缓地低落下来。

12 administrators   

n.管理者( administrator的名词复数 )；有管理（或行政）才能的人；（由遗嘱检验法庭指定的）遗产管理人；奉派暂管主教教区的牧师

参考例句：

• He had administrators under him but took the crucial decisions himself. 他手下有管理人员，但重要的决策仍由他自己来做。 来自辞典例句
• Administrators have their own methods of social intercourse. 办行政的人有他们的社交方式。 来自汉英文学 - 围城

13 hew   

v.砍；伐；削

参考例句：

• Hew a path through the underbrush.在灌木丛中砍出一条小路。
• Plant a sapling as tall as yourself and hew it off when it is two times high of you.种一棵与自己身高一样的树苗，长到比自己高两倍时砍掉它。