英语听力—环球英语 1445 New Dawn: Community Radio on Bougainville

 　　Voice 1

　　Welcome to Spotlight¹. I’m Liz Waid.

　　Voice 2

　　And I’m Rena Dam. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand - no matter where in the world they live.

　　Voice 3

　　"I am encouraged by what people do in difficult situations. Social change is a serious business. And New Dawn FM is about serious business."

　　Voice 1

　　These are the words of Vice-chancellor Paul Greenfield at the University of Queensland, Australia. He spoke² at an awards ceremony in 2009. The University gave the ‘Communication and Social Change Award’ to New Dawn FM. Station manager Aloysius Laukai accepted the award, saying:

　　Voice 4

　　"The crisis³ divided most of our people. We wanted to use freedom of expression to help bring people together after the conflict."

　　Voice 2

　　Today’s Spotlight is on New Dawn FM. New Dawn is a community radio station on the island of Bougainville. Bougainville is in the South Pacific Ocean, very close to the Solomon Islands. It is a part of the country of Papua New Guinea. But it has an independent local government. However, as Mr Laukai says, Bougainville has not always been peaceful.

　　Voice 1

　　Over the years, many countries have occupied Bougainville. At the end of World War two, Australia ruled over Bougainville. It found that Bougainville was rich in copper⁵, a useful metal. An Australian company dug the Panguna mine. There, the company removed the copper from the earth. Then they sold it. But the people of Bougainville did not get any money from the sale of the copper.

　　Voice 2

　　Papua New Guinea became independent from Australia in 1975. Bougainville was now part of Papua New Guinea. But, the money from the Panguna mine still did not help Bougainville. Many people on Bougainville thought the Panguna copper mine was a problem. They wanted Papua New Guinea to fairly share the profits of the mine. They wanted to be independent from Papua New Guinea.

　　Voice 1

　　In 1988 Bougainville began fighting against the government of Papua New Guinea. For ten years, there was violence in Bougainville. Over twenty thousand people were killed. Forty thousand people lost their homes. But, since 2001, there has been peace on the island. At that time, Papua New Guinea and Bougainville signed an agreement. And Bougainville has been autonomous⁶ since 2005. Much of their government is now independent from Papua New Guinea.

　　Voice 2

　　Because of this conflict, Bougainville is not very developed. Many people on Bougainville do not have very good roads, electricity or communication systems. But many people have a radio! As a result, radio is one of the best ways to share important news. This gave Aloysius Laukai the idea of starting a community radio station.

　　Voice 1

　　So in 2005 Mr. Laukai began New Dawn FM. It was not easy to start the radio station. It is not owned by any government. It is the work of a community doing something to help itself. Aloysuis Laukai tells Inter⁷ Press Service:

　　Voice 4

　　“Our biggest problem starting New Dawn FM was finance⁸. We were just coming out of the crisis and we had no money.  But we received some help through UNESCO and the German government. So we started the radio."

　　Voice 2

　　New Dawn FM has three main kinds of programs: local events, community programs and programs about peace and reconciliation⁹. For local events, New Dawn broadcasts programs about local weather, traffic and health. They also broadcast about local and national politics.

　　Voice 1

　　In the recent election¹⁰, New Dawn helped to share information. On New Dawn’s website, a listener named Peter Sepe writes:

　　Voice 5

　　“Thank you New Dawn. I am very happy. I would like to thank you for the update on election results in Bougainville. Without your daily news, the Bougainvilleans working in Australia and other countries will not know what is happening. Thank you New Dawn and Bougainville.”

　　Voice 2

　　New Dawn also brings people together through programs that build community. New Dawn aims to educate and empower people in Bougainville. For example, there are programs that give information about farming or health. One program is called “Bougainville Women Today.” This is a learning¹¹ program for communities. It addresses women’s health issues such as pregnancy¹² in very young women or malaria¹³.

　　Voice 1

　　And Bougainvillians do not just listen to these New Dawn programs. They discuss and use the ideas and information. Aloysius Laukai explains one way that New Dawn involves the community:

　　Voice 4

　　"We have established listeners’ clubs, like women’s groups. They come and we design the programmes. Every time we broadcast a programme, we put it on a CD. And we send it out to these listeners’ clubs. Then they listen to them at their own place and at their own time."

　　Voice 2

　　Bringing people together is a major aim of New Dawn FM. New Dawn has a special interest in reporting local reconciliation events. These build peace between people who were divided by the conflict. This is difficult to do after many years of fighting. But the people of Bougainville are trying to build a peaceful island. Mr. Laukai explains how New Dawn Radio is involved:

　　Voice 4

　　“We cover a lot of activities the government is doing for peace and reconciliation. If there is a happening, we broadcast from there to our listeners. Our aim is to make sure that North Bougainville understands what is happening in South Bougainville.”

　　Voice 1

　　This information brings more peace to people across the island of Bougainville. So far, New Dawn FM has had much success in this work. At times, the community does struggle to financially support New Dawn FM. But they continue to use radio to improve their community.

　　Voice 2

　　The ‘Communication and Social Change Award’ recognized the work of New Dawn FM. But there is an even greater award - the changes for people on Bougainville. People listen to New Dawn and learn about local events and community development. They are encouraged to work for peace and reconciliation. A listener named Paul brings this all together well - he writes on the New Dawn website:

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　　“This is wonderful news to have a radio station - freedom of speech, a local voice, information for unity⁴! I want to keep informed about the new life of Bougainville.”

　　Voice 1

　　The writer and producer of this program was Rena Dam. The voices you heard were from the United States and the United Kingdom. All quotes were adapted for this program and voiced by Spotlight. You can listen to this program again, and read it, on the internet at http://www.radioenglish.net This .program is called, ‘New Dawn: Community Radio on Bougainville’.

　　Voice 2

　　You can also leave your comments on our website. Or you can email us at radio@ radioenglish . net. You can also find us on Facebook - just search for spotlightradio. We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye.

　　- See more at: http://spotlightenglish.com/listen/new-dawn-community-radio-on-bougainville#sthash.RqN2fXN0.dpuf

1 spotlight   

n.公众注意的中心，聚光灯，探照灯，视听，注意，醒目

参考例句：

• This week the spotlight is on the world of fashion.本周引人瞩目的是时装界。
• The spotlight followed her round the stage.聚光灯的光圈随着她在舞台上转。

2 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

3 crisis   

n.危机，危急关头，决定性时刻，关键阶段

参考例句：

• He had proved that he could be relied on in a crisis.他已表明，在紧要关头他是可以信赖的。
• The topic today centers about the crisis in the Middle East.今天课题的中心是中东危机。

4 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

5 copper   

n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的

参考例句：

• The students are asked to prove the purity of copper.要求学生们检验铜的纯度。
• Copper is a good medium for the conduction of heat and electricity.铜是热和电的良导体。

6 autonomous   

adj.自治的；独立的

参考例句：

• They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
• This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。

7 inter   

v.埋葬

参考例句：

• They interred their dear comrade in the arms.他们埋葬了他们亲爱的战友。
• The man who died in that accident has been interred.在那次事故中死的那个人已经被埋葬了。

8 finance   

n.财务管理，财政，金融，财源，资金

参考例句：

• She is an expert in finance.她是一名财政专家。
• A finance house made a bid to buy up the entire company.一家信贷公司出价买下了整个公司。

9 reconciliation   

n.和解，和谐，一致

参考例句：

• He was taken up with the reconciliation of husband and wife.他忙于做夫妻间的调解工作。
• Their handshake appeared to be a gesture of reconciliation.他们的握手似乎是和解的表示。

10 election   

n.选举，选择权；当选

参考例句：

• There is no doubt but that he will win the election.毫无疑问，他将在竞选中获胜。
• The government will probably fall at the coming election.在即将到来的大选中，该政府很可能要垮台。

11 learning   

n.学问，学识，学习；动词learn的现在分词

参考例句：

• When you are learning to ride a bicycle,you often fall off.初学骑自行车时，常会从车上掉下来。
• Learning languages isn't just a matter of remembering words.学习语言不仅仅是记些单词的事。

12 pregnancy   

n.怀孕，怀孕期

参考例句：

• Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
• Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。

13 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。