Step by Step 3000 第2册 Unit10:Health(1)

 　　Step by Step 3000. Book Two.

　　Unit 10. News 2. Health.

　　Part 1. Warming up.

　　A. Keywords. building, department.

　　Vocabulary. outpatient, physician, roundabout, ward¹, administrative², dispensary, surgery.

　　You're going to hear some information about the layout of a hospital.

　　Write the names of the departments in the right positions.

　　First of all, locate the gate at the bottom of the page.

　　When you walk into the compound, the first building on your right is the outpatient department.

　　The first on your left is the emergency department.

　　If you want to go to the physician department, take the first turn on the left and walk straight ahead.

　　You'll see a fountain spring. Pass by it and walk in the same direction. You'll see the physician department.

　　If you want to get your blood tested in the laboratory, walk straight along the main road until you reach a roundabout.

　　Turn left from the roundabout, and walk a few minutes.

　　Take the right turn and the first building coming into your sight is the laboratory.

　　Another building on the same side of the road is the X-ray department.

　　If you turn left from the roundabout, and walk ahead until you reach the end of the road, you will see the eye, ear and throat department.

　　The building next to it, to the north is the dental department.

　　If you want to visit your relatives or friends who are hospitalized, you go the the ward, which is not difficult to find.

　　Take the right turn from the roundabout, and a small lake will come into your view.

　　The winding³ road along the lake will lead you to the ward.

　　If you go past the roundabout, and walk along the main road for a few minutes, you'll see a building on your right. That's the administrative building.

　　Well, where do we get the medicines? From the dispensary.

　　That's the building facing the outpatient department on the north side of the road.

　　Another building on the north side of the road is the surgery department.

　　B. Keywords. dosage, warnings.

　　Vocabulary. dosage, exceed, administer, diabetes⁴, drowsiness⁵, chronic⁶.

　　You're going to hear some instructions on how to take a certain medication.

　　Note down the dosage, the side effect and the warnings, etc.

　　Remember to check the dosage before you take this medicine.

　　Adults 12 years old and over take two teaspoonfuls, but do not exceed 15 teaspoonfuls per day.

　　Children 6 years old to 12 take half of the adult dosage, but do exceed 7 teaspoonfuls per day.

　　And here are the warnings you should keep in mind.

　　Do not exceed the recommended dosage unless directed by a physician.

　　Do not administer to children under 6 years old or to individual with high blood pressure, heart disease or diabetes.

　　This preparation may cause drowsiness.

　　Do not drive or operate machinery⁷ while taking this medication.

　　Chronic cough is dangerous.

　　If your relief does not occur within 3 days, discontinue use and consult your physician.

　　C. Keywords. health tips.

　　Vocabulary. cholesterol⁸, elongate⁹.

　　You're going to hear some health tips, complete the chart with key words.

　　1. Tea contains natural chemicals.

　　These chemicals block the action of some substances produced in the bodies that cause cancer.

　　Tea can contains the same substances in fruits and vegetables.

　　Drinking tea could protect people's health.

　　2. Cigarette smokers¹⁰ of any age reduce their risk of developing lung cancer when they stop smoking.

　　It is never too late to stop smoking.

　　3. Walking has a good effect on the heart, because it reduces blood pressure, blood sugar and blood cholesterol level.

　　It is never too late to start exercising.

　　4. Vitamins are necessary for good health.

　　However, extremely large amounts of some vitamins may cause health problems.

　　It is far better to get vitamins from eating fresh, natural food than from taking vitamin pills.

　　5. Laughter is one of the most wonderful releases.

　　It releases the chemical that is life-enhancing and life-elongating.

　　It heals wounds and promotes a healthier being.

　　D. Keywords. fatness, spread, food allergies¹¹, extreme heat, temperatures, stress, sleep, less likely, heart disease.

　　Vocabulary. allergy¹², anaphylaxis, walnut¹³, Celsius¹⁴.

　　You're going to four brief news items, focus your attention on who, what, when, where, why and how in each news item. And then answer the questions.

　　Researchers say they have found that fatness can spread from person to person in social groups.

　　When one person gains weight, closed friends often gain weight, too.

　　The study was published last month in the New England Journal of Medicine.

　　The study showed that when a person becomes severely¹⁵ overweight, there is a 57% increased chance that one of their friends will be, too.

　　A sister or brother of the overweight person has a 40% increased chance of becoming fat.

　　The increased risk for a wife or husband is a little less than that.

　　In the United States, experts estimate that up to 4% adults and up to 8% young children have food allergies.

　　Every year, these allergies causes about 60,000 cases of anaphylaxis.

　　A severe reaction that requires immediate¹⁶ treatment.

　　It can result in trouble breathing and in some cases, death.

　　The national institute of allergy and infectious diseases says 100 to 200 people die.

　　It says most of the reactions resulted from peanuts and tree nuts such as walnuts¹⁷.

　　Flood, storms and other natural events kill thousands of people every year. So does extreme heat.

　　Experts say heat may be nature's deadliest killer¹⁸.

　　Recently, extreme heat was blamed for killing¹⁹ more than 100 people in India.

　　Daytime temperature rose to more than 45 degrees Celsius in some areas.

　　On June 11th, the temperature in one desert town hit 51 degrees.

　　Experts say the total heat of a hot day or several days can affect health.

　　Several hot days are considered a heat wave.

　　Experts say heat waves often become dangerous when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.

　　This causes great stress on the human body.

　　Medical experts say most Americans do not get enough sleep.

　　They say more Americans need to rest for a short period in the middle of the day.

　　They are advising people to sleep lightly before continuing with other activities.

　　One study earlier this year found that persons who sleep for a few minutes during the day will less likely to die of a heart disease.

　　This study followed more than 23,000 Greek adults for about 6 years.

　　Adults who rested for half an hour at least three times a week had a 37% lower risk of dying from heart disease than those who did not nap.

1 ward   

n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开

参考例句：

• The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
• During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时，我要点根火把，抵挡蚊虫。

2 administrative   

adj.行政的，管理的

参考例句：

• The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
• He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

3 winding   

n.绕，缠，绕组，线圈

参考例句：

• A winding lane led down towards the river.一条弯弯曲曲的小路通向河边。
• The winding trail caused us to lose our orientation.迂回曲折的小道使我们迷失了方向。

4 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

5 drowsiness   

n.睡意；嗜睡

参考例句：

• A feeling of drowsiness crept over him. 一种昏昏欲睡的感觉逐渐袭扰着他。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• This decision reached, he finally felt a placid drowsiness steal over him. 想到这，来了一点平安的睡意。 来自汉英文学 - 骆驼祥子

6 chronic   

adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的

参考例句：

• Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
• Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

7 machinery   

n.(总称)机械，机器；机构

参考例句：

• Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗？
• Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。

8 cholesterol   

n.（U）胆固醇

参考例句：

• There is cholesterol in the cell of body.人体细胞里有胆固醇。
• They are determining the serum-protein and cholesterol levels.他们正在测定血清蛋白和胆固醇的浓度。

9 elongate   

v.拉长，伸长，延长

参考例句：

• We plan to elongate the cooperation with that company in Australia.我们打算延长与澳洲那家公司的合作关系。
• Corn is treated when the stalk starts to elongate.在玉米秆开始拔节时，给玉米打药。

10 smokers   

吸烟者( smoker的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Many smokers who are chemically addicted to nicotine cannot cut down easily. 许多有尼古丁瘾的抽烟人不容易把烟戒掉。
• Chain smokers don't care about the dangers of smoking. 烟鬼似乎不在乎吸烟带来的种种危害。

11 allergies   

n.[医]过敏症；[口]厌恶，反感；（对食物、花粉、虫咬等的）过敏症( allergy的名词复数 )；变态反应，变应性

参考例句：

• Food allergies can result in an enormous variety of different symptoms. 食物过敏会引发很多不同的症状。 来自辞典例句
• Let us, however, examine one of the most common allergies; hayfever. 现在让我们来看看最常见的变态反应的一种--枯草热。 来自辞典例句

12 allergy   

n.(因食物、药物等而引起的)过敏症

参考例句：

• He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。
• The patient had an allergy to penicillin.该患者对青霉素过敏。

13 walnut   

n.胡桃，胡桃木，胡桃色，茶色

参考例句：

• Walnut is a local specialty here.核桃是此地的土特产。
• The stool comes in several sizes in walnut or mahogany.凳子有几种尺寸，材质分胡桃木和红木两种。

14 Celsius   

adj.摄氏温度计的，摄氏的

参考例句：

• The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
• The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。

15 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。

16 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

17 walnuts   

胡桃（树）( walnut的名词复数 )； 胡桃木

参考例句：

• Are there walnuts in this sauce? 这沙司里面有核桃吗？
• We ate eggs and bacon, pickled walnuts and cheese. 我们吃鸡蛋，火腿，腌胡桃仁和干酪。

18 killer   

n.杀人者，杀人犯，杀手，屠杀者

参考例句：

• Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
• The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。

19 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。