历史上的今天-Today in History 2012-06-13

 June 13th, 1971The New York Times begins publishing The Pentagon Papers --- a leaked, top secret study of America's involvement in Vietnam. President Richard Nixon's administration tries to block further publication in court, citing national security. Defense¹ Secretary Melvin Laird, “It is our responsibility to call this violation² of security to the attention of the Justice Department. This I have done.” But the U.S. Supreme³ Court rules The Times and The Washington Post can publish the material.

1967,President Lyndon Johnson nominates solicitor⁴ General Thurgood Marshall to be the first black justice on the U.S. Supreme Court.

1966,The case behind the phrase “You have the right to remain silent.” , as the U.S. Supreme Court issues its “Miranda” ruling. That landmark⁵ decision says criminal suspects must be informed of their constitutional rights before police can question them.

1900,In China, the Boxer⁶ Rebellion, a national revolt targeting foreigners, as well as Chinese Christians⁷, erupts into full scale violence.

1983,Pioneer 10 becomes the first spacecraft to leave our solar system, as the American space probe crosses the orbit of Neptune⁸.

And 1986,Benny Goodman, the clarinet playing “King of Swing”, dies in New York. He was 77.

Today in History, June 13th, Tim Maguire, the Associated Press

1 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

2 violation   

n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯

参考例句：

• He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说，那是违反规则的。
• He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。

3 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

4 solicitor   

n.初级律师，事务律师

参考例句：

• The solicitor's advice gave me food for thought.律师的指点值得我深思。
• The solicitor moved for an adjournment of the case.律师请求将这个案件的诉讼延期。

5 landmark   

n.陆标，划时代的事，地界标

参考例句：

• The Russian Revolution represents a landmark in world history.俄国革命是世界历史上的一个里程碑。
• The tower was once a landmark for ships.这座塔曾是船只的陆标。

6 boxer   

n.制箱者，拳击手

参考例句：

• The boxer gave his opponent a punch on the nose.这个拳击手朝他对手的鼻子上猛击一拳。
• He moved lightly on his toes like a boxer.他像拳击手一样踮着脚轻盈移动。

7 Christians   

n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Christians of all denominations attended the conference. 基督教所有教派的人都出席了这次会议。
• His novel about Jesus caused a furore among Christians. 他关于耶稣的小说激起了基督教徒的公愤。

8 Neptune   

n.海王星

参考例句：

• Neptune is the furthest planet from the sun.海王星是离太阳最远的行星。
• Neptune turned out to be a dynamic,stormy world.海王星原来是个有生气、多风暴的世界。