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埃及人不信任美国的干预

U.S. Senators Lindsey Graham and John McCain are in Egypt, joining efforts by top U.S. diplomat¹ William Burns to broker² an end to the standoff between Egypt’s military-backed government and supporters of ousted³ President Mohamed Morsi. The U.S. role as honest broker, however, has come under fire from both sides.

包括两位著名国会参议员在内的美国官员正在埃及访问，试图避免军方和被推翻的穆尔西总统的支持者之间发生进一步冲突。可是，埃及对立的两派都批评美国不是诚实的调解人。

In deeply divided Egypt, Islamists reject the military and the military demonizes the Islamists. The two are united, though, in their anger toward the United States.

埃及严重分裂，伊斯兰教义派反对军方，而军方也把伊斯兰教义派妖魔化，可是两者都把愤怒的矛头指向美国。

Armed Forces Chief Abdel Fattah el-Sissi told The Washington Post that America turned its back on Egyptians, and "they won't forget that.

埃及武装部队最高指挥官阿卜杜勒?塞西对华盛顿邮报说，美国背弃了埃及人，“他们是不会忘记的”。

The general played on a common perception that the U.S. was slow to support the ouster of Islamist president Morsi because it backs the Muslim Brotherhood⁴.

塞西将军的观点反映了埃及人对美国的普遍看法，美国因为支持穆斯林兄弟会，而迟迟不支持推翻伊斯兰教义派总统穆尔西的行动。

US diplomatic view

That isn't how the Brotherhood sees it, however, especially after U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry weighed in on the military's intervention⁵.

可是兄弟会不这么看，特别是在美国国务卿克里对军事干预发表看法后。

"To run the country, there's a civilian⁶ government," he said last week. "In effect, they were restoring democracy.

美国国务卿克里说：“埃及由一个文职政府管理，事实上，他们是在恢复民主。

The comments elicited⁷ contempt from Islamists across Egypt.

克里的评论引起埃及所有伊斯兰教义派的蔑视，著名神职人员萨夫瓦特?赫加西说：

"John Kerry and America are the ones who made the coup⁸, they planned it and carried it out," said prominent cleric Safwat Hegazy. "So what else can you expect from him?

伊斯兰神职人员萨夫瓦特?赫加西说：“是克里和美国制造了军事政变，他们策划并且执行了政变。所以你还能指望他什么呢？”

Even before the recent upheaval⁹, anti-American sentiment was growing. Hesitation¹⁰ to clearly back one side or the other during the 2011 uprising against Hosni Mubarak alienated¹¹ both protesters and the old guard.

甚至在最近发生的动乱之前，反美情绪就已经在增长。2011年埃及人起义推翻穆巴拉克，美国没有明确表明支持哪一方，结果是，既疏远了抗议者，也疏远了军队。

Every ruling group since has warned of "foreign hands" playing a sinister¹² role in Egyptian politics, and by early this year, polls suggested a majority of Egyptians viewed the U.S. unfavorably.

自那时起，每个统治集团都警告说，“外国人的手”在埃及政治中起了阴险作用。今年初，民意调查显示，大多数埃及人不喜欢美国。

Islamist activists¹⁴, gathered at a trade union center Monday to discuss the fate of Morsi, blamed the U.S. for what they claim is support for rival secular¹⁵ parties.

一些人批评说，部分原因是埃及在处理国际事务中，缺乏理解和透明度。政治分析家希沙姆?卡西姆说：“穆巴拉克统治期间，那是一个禁区，你不许参与，那是一个关起门来讨论的问题，所以现在阴谋论在全国很流行。

One activist¹³ said the U.S. administration has been supporting what he calls a “counter-revolution” for the past two and a half years, in addition to backing the overthrow¹⁶ of Morsi. He predicted that Morsi supporters will prevail during Ramadan.

美国曾经被看作是埃及大众利益的维护者，现在美国不仅失去了这个光环，而且其慷慨盟国的作用也在减弱。

Some Egyptians say there is a lack of understanding and transparency about how the nation conducts its international affairs.

"Under Mubarak that was taboo," said political analyst¹⁷ Hisham Kassem. "You were not allowed to be part of that. That was supposed to be a dialogue that took place behind closed doors. So right now it's natural that the conspiracy¹⁸ theories prevail.

America loses luster¹⁹

And even as America loses its luster as a champion of Egyptian popular interests, it's role as generous ally also is fading.

美国和埃及关系陷入困境，政治分析家卡西姆认为，困境会过去。

For decades, Washington sent more than $1 billion a year to its strategic partner in the Middle East. Then, in early July, Gulf²⁰ nations pledged $12 billion to post-Morsi leaders, dwarfing²¹ U.S. financial leverage²².

Still, political analyst Kassem believes the rough patch in U.S.-Egyptian relations will pass. "I can see this is something that will be repaired, but over a few years, not at present," he said.

政治分析人士卡姆西说：“我认为，这个问题会得到解决，不过要几年时间，而不是现在。”

In the short run, the U.S. administration seems intent on mediating²³ the crisis.

A British newspaper, The Independent, reports that the negotiations²⁴ are focusing on a deal that would have Morsi present his resignation on state TV. It was not clear what might be offered in exchange.

Al Arabiya TV reported that Brotherhood negotiators were demanding that the group's deputy leader, Khairat el-Shater, be released from prison as part of any deal.

On Sunday, Egypt's judiciary announced that Shater and the group's spiritual voice, Mohammed Badie, would be put on trial for violence surrounding the storming of Brotherhood headquarters last June.

U.S. diplomat Burns met with Shater early Monday in a Cairo prison after talks with Egypt's interim²⁵ government leaders over the weekend.

美国官员已经在不停地访问开罗，试图尽最大努力，帮助修复关系。