名人认知系列 演员明星18：Lionel Hampton 莱昂内尔·汉普顿

Lionel Hampton

莱昂内尔·汉普顿

Lionel Hampton is a frenetic jazz vibraphonist, gifted bandleader and storied showman who was one of the most celebrated¹ musicians of the swing era and went on to a six-decade career on the American stage.

莱昂内尔·汉普顿是一位极富激情的爵士乐电颤琴演奏家、极具天赋的乐队领队，爵士乐史上著名的表演家。他是强节奏爵士乐时代最富盛名的音乐人之一，在美国舞台上有60年的演艺生涯。

Hampton has cut hundreds of records. He was known for tremendous energy and for directing bands that were among the most long lived and consistently popular large ensembles² in jazz. His work has been hailed by everyone from presidents to jazz critics and endorsed³ by the public through enthusiastic attendance of his performances and unending sales of his records.

汉普顿录制了数百张唱片。他以精力充沛，组建了爵士乐坛上长盛不衰的大型乐队而闻名遐迩。他的作品受到了从总统到爵士乐评论家的赞赏和公众的支持。他们疯狂地观看他的演出，不断地购买他的唱片。

Hampton was born on April 20，1908，in Louisville, Kentucky. He began working as a drummer when he was a teenager. He spent many of his formative musical years in Los Angeles, playing with top local bands and some great national figures as they came through town. Among them were Louis Armstrong -- who first encouraged him to play the vibraphone and, later, Benny Goodman. He was one of the first musicians to bridge the racial gap between blacks and whites in jazz. He joined drummer Gene⁴ Krupa and pianist Teddy Wilson to form the multiracial Benny Goodman quartet in the 1930s. Hampton later recalled, “I didn’t recognize that it was a social advancement⁵, but it was the first time blacks and whites ever played together out in public.”

1908年4月20日汉普顿出生在肯塔基州的路易斯维尔。十几岁时他当了一名鼓手。在洛杉矶度过的数年是他的音乐风格形成期。他同当地顶尖的乐队和一些来小镇演出的杰出音乐人同台演出。这里面有路易斯·阿姆斯特朗，是他第一个鼓励汉普顿演奏颤音琴。后来他又遇到了本尼·古德曼。汉普顿是第一个打破爵士乐中 种族隔阂的音乐人之一。20世纪30年代，他与鼓手吉恩·克鲁帕和钢琴演奏家特迪·威尔逊组建了多种族的本尼·古德曼四重奏乐团。汉普顿后来回忆说：“我并没有意识到这是一种社会进步，但这确实是黑人和白人第一次在公众场合同台演出。”

By 1930, he was touring extensively on the West Coast with his own groups, making records and enjoying billing as the “fastest drummer in the world”，when he struck his first note on a vibraphone. He played with Armstrong’s group for a year, establishing the vibraphone as a jazz instrument and himself as its top interpreter.

到1930年，汉普顿同他的乐队沿西海岸巡演，录制音乐，荣登排行榜上“世界上最快的鼓手”。这时他开始演奏颤音琴。汉普顿同阿姆斯特朗的乐队演出了一年。他把颤音琴确定为爵士乐的演奏乐器，而他自己也 成为该乐器最出色的阐释者。

Hampton played the vibes with lightning swiftness and harmonic and melodic⁶ simplicity⁷ and the drums with a fierce, driving rhythm. He became a household name after recording⁸ such hits as Moonglow and Dinah with Goodman in the 1930s and continued to make the charts in the 1940s and 1950s.

汉普顿演奏颜音琴时轻灵、和谐、旋律简洁优美，而击鼓时则活力四射，节奏强劲。20世纪30年代他与古德曼共同录制了热门金曲Moonglow和Dinah,成为家喻户晓的人物。40年代和50年代他的唱片一直畅销不衰。

In 1940，he left Goodman and started his own big band, featuring a big sound, swinging arrangements and such soloists⁹ as Washington. Hampton’s newly recorded big-band version of Flyin ’Home became a huge success. The band specialized¹⁰ in boogie-woogie, jump and later bop, and by the early 1950s it had become as much a rhythm and blues¹¹ as a jazz attraction. But it nevertheless remained the medium for the introduction of many jazz talents.

1940年汉普顿离开古德曼，组建了自己的大乐队。该乐队演奏嘹亮，节奏强劲，并收罗了如华盛顿这样的独奏演员。汉普顿重新录制的大乐队版的Hyin’Home取得了巨大的成功。大乐队撞长演奏布基伍基乐曲、强节奏爵士乐和博普爵士乐。到20世纪50年代早期，它以爵士乐和节奏布鲁斯闻名。但它一直是许多爵士乐天才的摇篮。

Through all of it, Hampton once said, he had just one goal, “I want to be remembered for spreading happiness and goodwill¹².” He did just that.

在经历了这一切后，汉普顿曾经说，他只有一个目标：“我想让世人记住我是在传播幸福和友善。”他确实做到了。

1 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

2 ensembles   

整体( ensemble的名词复数 )； 合奏； 乐团； 全套服装（尤指女装）

参考例句：

• I love to play in all types of ensembles. 我喜欢参与吹奏各种各样的合奏曲。
• The 5th Brigade is now taking 895 Land Warrior ensembles to Afghanistan. 第五旅现在携带895套陆地勇士装备去阿富汗。

3 endorsed   

vt.& vi.endorse的过去式或过去分词形式v.赞同( endorse的过去式和过去分词 )；在（尤指支票的）背面签字；在（文件的）背面写评论；在广告上说本人使用并赞同某产品

参考例句：

• The committee endorsed an initiative by the chairman to enter discussion about a possible merger. 委员会通过了主席提出的新方案，开始就可能进行的并购进行讨论。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The government has broadly endorsed a research paper proposing new educational targets for 14-year-olds. 政府基本上支持建议对14 岁少年实行新教育目标的研究报告。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。

5 advancement   

n.前进，促进，提升

参考例句：

• His new contribution to the advancement of physiology was well appreciated.他对生理学发展的新贡献获得高度赞赏。
• The aim of a university should be the advancement of learning.大学的目标应是促进学术。

6 melodic   

adj.有旋律的，调子美妙的

参考例句：

• His voice had a rich melodic quality.他的音色浑厚而优美。
• He spoke with a soft husky voice in a melodic accent.他微微沙哑的声音带着一种悠扬的口音。

7 simplicity   

n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯

参考例句：

• She dressed with elegant simplicity.她穿着朴素高雅。
• The beauty of this plan is its simplicity.简明扼要是这个计划的一大特点。

8 recording   

n.录音，记录

参考例句：

• How long will the recording of the song take?录下这首歌得花多少时间？
• I want to play you a recording of the rehearsal.我想给你放一下彩排的录像。

9 soloists   

n.独唱者，独奏者，单飞者( soloist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The soloists were ably supported by the University Singers. 这些独唱歌手得到了大学歌手的大力支持。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Summer music festivals feature leading orchestras, soloists and opera companies. 在夏季举行的各音乐节，有著名的交响乐团、独唱和独奏者及歌剧团表演。 来自互联网

10 specialized   

adj.专门的，专业化的

参考例句：

• There are many specialized agencies in the United Nations.联合国有许多专门机构。
• These tools are very specialized.这些是专用工具。

11 blues   

n.抑郁，沮丧；布鲁斯音乐

参考例句：

• She was in the back of a smoky bar singing the blues.她在烟雾弥漫的酒吧深处唱着布鲁斯歌曲。
• He was in the blues on account of his failure in business.他因事业失败而意志消沉。

12 goodwill   

n.善意，亲善，信誉，声誉

参考例句：

• His heart is full of goodwill to all men.他心里对所有人都充满着爱心。
• We paid ￡10,000 for the shop,and ￡2000 for its goodwill.我们用一万英镑买下了这家商店，两千英镑买下了它的信誉。