词汇大师-- An Earl and a Whirl

　　AA: I'm Avi Arditti with Rosanne Skirble, and this week on WORDMASTER: more from our interview with Philip Dodd, author of the new book "The Reverend Guppy's Aquarium¹: From Joseph P. Frisbie to Roy Jacuzzi, How Everyday Items Were Named for Extraordinary People."
RS: We left off last week at the story of how the Jacuzzi name became synonymous with whirlpool baths.

　　PHILIP DODD: "Roy is from a great Italian family who came over from just north of Venice, through Ellis Island, in the nineteen hundreds. And they ended up in the fruit farms of California and got into making pumps to help the farmers. They even developed one of the very first passenger planes, amazingly.
"Roy was a third-generation Jacuzzi and he came out of college in the mid-sixties in California, and his grandfather and great-uncles had developed this machine that really swirled² water around your domestic bath to help ease the pains of arthritis³ or just a sore body. But effectively it was just like putting an outboard motor in a domestic bath.
"Roy, who had done a degree in design and engineering, thinks, 'Hold on, we can do something a lot more fun with this.' And what he particularly came up with was, if you look at the side of Jacuzzis, they have those swivel nozzles. He designed that and he worked out the way to push water through so powerfully that it created this fantastic bubble effect. And he was inspired by his Italian heritage. He had those classic Roman baths in mind."
RS: "You've got fifteen stories here. Is there a favorite among them?"
PHILIP DODD: "I'm very fond of the Earl of Sandwich because when I started writing about the sandwich and knowing that it was named after this Earl of Sandwich, a British aristocrat⁴, I had this idea that I'd be doing a story about foppish⁵ English aristocrats⁶.
"What I discovered was, the current earl, the eleventh earl, and his son have set up a business with, very appropriately, Robert Earl, who was one of the brains behind Planet Hollywood and Hard Rock Cafe. And they have a series of fast-food sandwich restaurants. The first one was opened in Walt Disney World in Orlando [Florida] and they're rolling it out through the States."
AA: "And were there any words that you just 'knew' were named after someone but in fact were not?"
PHILIP DODD: "I haven't come across any where I thought it was completely spurious apart from -- and this is one of the dangers of Google and the Internet, there was a Web site I came across which dealt with culinary words. And they had an entry for a country squire⁷ from England called Sir Oswald Binge, and it said he was famous for his week-long feasts and the excess, and that's where the word 'binge' came from.
"I went and had a look for that and I just couldn't find any other references. And I went back to the Web site and my suspicions were kind of aroused when I came across an entry for a guy called 'Jorge-Luis Avocado.' And it said Jorge-Luis was an Argentinean explorer and botanist⁸, and it had a quote from his mother saying she'd much preferred him to discover something a little tastier, like baked Alaska."
RS: Philip Dodd is the author of "The Reverend Guppy's Aquarium: From Joseph P. Frisbie to Roy Jacuzzi, How Everyday Items Were Named for Extraordinary People."
AA: We talked last week about Joseph Frisbie and his Frisbie Pie Company of Bridgeport, Connecticut. College students made a game out of sailing the pie tins through the air. In the 1950's, the California toy company Wham-O renamed a plastic flying saucer the Frisbee⁹. Wham-O employee Ed Headrick later improved the design, and the Frisbee became a big hit.
RS: Well, after our segment aired, we learned of the death of Wham-O co-founder Richard Knerr. It seems he gave two conflicting explanations for the name Frisbee. One was the pie tin game, called Frisbie-ing. But more recently he said it was named after a comic strip character named Mr. Frisbie.
AA: We e-mailed Philip Dodd in London for comment, and this was his reply: "I think it was probably a little bit of mischief-making from Rich Knerr ... The Wham-O guys often did like to amuse and bemuse ... Plus I couldn't find any proof of a Mr. Frisbie comic strip, and after visiting Bridgeport Public Library's Frisbie archive, the Wham-O offices and Ed Headrick's widow, the weight of evidence definitely supported - in my view ... the Joseph P. Frisbie version."
RS: Philip Dodd adds that he may mention this issue about the origin of the name in the next edition of his book. And that's WORDMASTER for this week. The first part of our interview is online at voanews.com/wordmaster. With Avi Arditti, I'm Rosanne Skirble.

1 aquarium   

n.水族馆，养鱼池，玻璃缸

参考例句：

• The first time I saw seals was in an aquarium.我第一次看见海豹是在水族馆里。
• I'm going to the aquarium with my parents this Sunday.这个星期天，我要和父母一起到水族馆去。

2 swirled   

v.旋转，打旋( swirl的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The waves swirled and eddied around the rocks. 波浪翻滚着在岩石周围打旋。
• The water swirled down the drain. 水打着旋流进了下水道。

3 arthritis   

n.关节炎

参考例句：

• Rheumatoid arthritis has also been linked with the virus.风湿性关节炎也与这种病毒有关。
• He spent three months in the hospital with acute rheumatic arthritis.他患急性风湿性关节炎，在医院住了三个月。

4 aristocrat   

n.贵族，有贵族气派的人，上层人物

参考例句：

• He was the quintessential english aristocrat.他是典型的英国贵族。
• He is an aristocrat to the very marrow of his bones.他是一个道道地地的贵族。

5 foppish   

adj.矫饰的，浮华的

参考例句：

• He wore a foppish hat,making him easy to find.他戴着一顶流里流气的帽子使他很容易被发现。
• He stood out because he wore a foppish clothes.他很引人注目，因为他穿著一件流里流气的衣服。

6 aristocrats   

n.贵族( aristocrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Many aristocrats were killed in the French Revolution. 许多贵族在法国大革命中被处死。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• To the Guillotine all aristocrats! 把全部贵族都送上断头台！ 来自英汉文学 - 双城记

7 squire   

n.护卫, 侍从, 乡绅

参考例句：

• I told him the squire was the most liberal of men.我告诉他乡绅是世界上最宽宏大量的人。
• The squire was hard at work at Bristol.乡绅在布里斯托尔热衷于他的工作。

8 botanist   

n.植物学家

参考例句：

• The botanist introduced a new species of plant to the region.那位植物学家向该地区引入了一种新植物。
• I had never talked with a botanist before,and I found him fascinating.我从没有接触过植物学那一类的学者，我觉得他说话极有吸引力。

9 frisbee   

n.飞盘(塑料玩具)

参考例句：

• We always go to the park on weekends and play Frisbee.我们每个周末都会到公园玩飞盘。
• The frisbee is a light plastic disc,shaped like a plate.飞盘是一种碟形塑料盘。