新概念英语85年上外美音版第四册 第26课

　　Lesson 26 Virtue¹ and a fast Gun 美德与快抢手
William S. Hart was, perhaps, the greatest of all Western stars, for unlike Gary Cooper and John Wayne he appeared in nothing but Westerns. From 1914 to 1924 he was supreme² and unchallenged. It was Hart who created the basic formula of the Western film, and devised the protagonist³ he played in every film he made, the good-bad man, the accidental, noble outlaw⁴, or the honest but framed cowboy, or the sheriff made suspect by vicious gossip; in short, the individual in conflict with himself and his frontier environment.
Unlike most of his contemporaries in Hollywood, Hart actually 'knew something of the old West. He had lived in it as a child when it was already disappearing, and his hero was firmly rooted in his memories and experiences, and in both the history and the mythology⁵ of the vanished frontier. And although no period or place in American history has been more absurdly romanticized, myth and reality did join hands in at least one arena⁶, the conflict between the individual and encroaching civilization.
Men accustomed to struggling for survival against the elements and Indian were bewildered by politicians, bankers and business-men, and unhorsed by fences, laws and alien taboos⁷. Hart's good-bad man was always an outsider, always one of the disinherited, and if he found it necessary to shoot a sheriff or rob a bank along the way, his early audiences found it easy to understand and forgive, especially when it was Hart who, in the end, overcame the attacking Indians.
Audiences in the second decade of the twentieth century found it pleasant to escape to a time when life, though hard, was relatively⁸ simple. We still do; living in a world in which undeclared aggression⁹, war, hypocrisy¹⁰, chicanery¹¹, anarchy¹² and impending¹³ immolation¹⁴ are part of our daily lives, we all want a code to live by.
supreme    a. 首屈一指
super  超级
supreme court 最高法院
supreme people’s court 最高人民法院
intermediate 中级
supremacy¹⁵   n.首屈一指male supremacy 大男子主义male supremacist 大男子主义者
grey mare¹⁶ 胜过丈夫的妻子second to none 最高的
India is second to China in population.  second to 仅次于
protagonist n.主角
se
antagonist¹⁷ 反面角色
leading role 主角
supporting role 配角
extra 跑龙套starring 领街
outlaw    n.亡命徒
outlaws¹⁸ in the green wood 绿林好汉
brigand¹⁹ 地匪，流窜犯
highway man 打劫的
fake 假的 deliver 给
framed    a.遭到陷害的
sheriff     n.司法长官
vicious     a.恶毒的
fake 假的
venomous 恶毒的 heinous²⁰ 恶毒的
malicious²¹ 邪恶的
gossipn. 流言蜚语
rumor²² 谣言，传闻
It is rumored²³ that he robbed the bank.
gossip monger 传谣言的人
in short  总之
in brief /in a word 总之
environment  n 环境
surrounding 环境
under the environment 在……情况下
environment makes man.环境造就人
vanished     a.消失了的
absurdlyad 荒诞的
arena   n.竞技场
amphitheater 圆形剧场
political arena 政治舞台
bullflighting 斗牛
encroaching    a.渐渐渗入的
encroach 侵犯
American culture is encroaching globally.
penetratin 渗入
His speeh is penetrating²⁴.
India    n.印第安人
bewilder vt.使手足无措
wilder 迷茫 baffle/muddle 迷乱的
dizzy 昏的 disorient 使……失去方向
alien    a. 外来的
alien product 洋货
alien word 外来词
eg.sofa,jeep,café,coolie,kotow；
alienate²⁵ v.远离
taboo    n.戒律
forbidden words
disinherit vt.剥求……的继承权
damn it
inherit 继承
inheritance 继承权
undeclareda.未经宣布的
hypocrisy n.伪善
hypocrite 伪君子
hypocritical 过于挑剔
chicanery n.诈骗
chicane   v.骗（以-ry结尾的名词没有复数 如machinery,pottery,jewelery
cheat,deceive,hoax
cheat 骗钱财
deceive one’s feelings
hoax:play trick(哄小孩)
anarchy   n.混乱
monarchy   君主制 chaos   n. 混乱  chaotic²⁶ adj.混乱
lawless   adj.非法的 turbulence  n.骚乱
impending  a.迫近的 approaching 靠近  imminent²⁷ 迫近的
immolation n.杀戮  immolate²⁸ vt. 杀  sacrifice n. 祭祀品
code n.准则
William s.Hart
William:first/given/Christian name
s.:middle name
Hart :last name
Western stars 西部片影星
for 因为
unlike 与……不同
appear in nothing but  仅仅出现于
nothing but 仅仅
He is nothing but liar²⁹.他是骗子。
He is anything but liar 他不是骗子
he is nothing but angry.他很生气
he is anyghing but angry.他不生气
Gary Cooper
Puritan 清教徒
comedy 喜剧
unchallenged=matchless
It was ……强调句式
1． vast west
2． Indians
3． hero.
devise=design
upright 正直
film maker³⁰ 制片人
good-bad man 本质好，偶尔做坏事的人
tramp 流浪者
Chinese Amercian 美籍华人（根在前）
noble:1.rich
2.noble minded
out of impulse 一时冲动
cowherd/comman 牧童
suspect 嫌疑犯
He was made Chairman.他被选为主席
abuse power 滥用权力
rangy 落魄的人
minor³¹ figure 小人物
in short
in conflict with 与……有冲突
frontier 此处意思是广阔的西部
unwillingly³²
outsider 局外人
contemporary 同时代的人，当代的
modern 现代的
know sth. of 略有了解
关于“西部在消失”的背景常识
Jefferson
the declaration of Indepedence 独立宣言
Louisiana 路易斯安那
Mississippi 密西西比河
ambassador 大使
hire 租用
fight across 难以定夺
（将在外，君命有所不受）
gold rush 淘金热
hero 英雄
mythology 神话
although 让步状语从句
no……more……构成最高级
romanticized 此处指作成电影（浪漫化）
indelible effect 不可磨灭的印象
join hands=coexist 并存
solid basis 虚构
同位句
conflict是 arena的同位语
accustomed to 做后置定语
意思是used to 习惯于
unhorsed 放弃戎马生涯
overcame 击退
comment 评论
relatively 相对的
do=find it pleasan?

1 virtue   

n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力

参考例句：

• He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
• You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。

2 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

3 protagonist   

n.(思想观念的)倡导者；主角，主人公

参考例句：

• The protagonist reforms in the end and avoids his proper punishment.戏剧主角最后改过自新并避免了他应受的惩罚。
• He is the model for the protagonist in the play.剧本中的主人公就是以他为模特儿创作的！

4 outlaw   

n.歹徒，亡命之徒；vt.宣布…为不合法

参考例句：

• The outlaw hid out in the hills for several months.逃犯在山里隐藏了几个月。
• The outlaw has been caught.歹徒已被抓住了。

5 mythology   

n.神话，神话学，神话集

参考例句：

• In Greek mythology,Zeus was the ruler of Gods and men.在希腊神话中，宙斯是众神和人类的统治者。
• He is the hero of Greek mythology.他是希腊民间传说中的英雄。

6 arena   

n.竞技场，运动场所；竞争场所，舞台

参考例句：

• She entered the political arena at the age of 25. 她25岁进入政界。
• He had not an adequate arena for the exercise of his talents.他没有充分发挥其才能的场所。

7 taboos   

禁忌( taboo的名词复数 )； 忌讳； 戒律； 禁忌的事物（或行为）

参考例句：

• She was unhorsed by fences, laws and alien taboos. 她被藩蓠、法律及外来的戒律赶下了马。
• His mind was charged with taboos. 他头脑里忌讳很多。

8 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

9 aggression   

n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害

参考例句：

• So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结，就不必惧怕外来侵略。
• Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。

10 hypocrisy   

n.伪善，虚伪

参考例句：

• He railed against hypocrisy and greed.他痛斥伪善和贪婪的行为。
• He accused newspapers of hypocrisy in their treatment of the story.他指责了报纸在报道该新闻时的虚伪。

11 chicanery   

n.欺诈，欺骗

参考例句：

• We will continue to see such chicanery in the future.在往后的日子我们仍将看到这样的骗局持续上演。
• Why do you give me so much chicanery as a explanation?你为什么给我那么多狡辩的解释？

12 anarchy   

n.无政府状态；社会秩序混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• There would be anarchy if we had no police.要是没有警察，社会就会无法无天。
• The country was thrown into a state of anarchy.这国家那时一下子陷入无政府状态。

13 impending   

a.imminent, about to come or happen

参考例句：

• Against a background of impending famine, heavy fighting took place. 即将发生饥荒之时，严重的战乱爆发了。
• The king convoke parliament to cope with the impending danger. 国王召开国会以应付迫近眉睫的危险。

14 immolation   

n.牺牲品

参考例句：

• We still do;living in a world in which underclared aggression, war,hypocrisy,chicanery,anarchy and impending immolation are part of our daily lives, we all want a code to live by. 我们仍然有这种感觉；生活在一个不宣而战的侵略、战争、虚伪、诈骗、混乱以及迫在眉睫的杀戮充斥着我们日常生活的世界里，我们都想有一种能赖以生存的准则。
• The Emperor had these clay figures made instead of burying slave-workers alive as immolation. 秦始皇用泥塑造了这批俑，没有活埋奴隶作为殉葬。

15 supremacy   

n.至上；至高权力

参考例句：

• No one could challenge her supremacy in gymnastics.她是最优秀的体操运动员，无人能胜过她。
• Theoretically,she holds supremacy as the head of the state.从理论上说，她作为国家的最高元首拥有至高无上的权力。

16 mare   

n.母马，母驴

参考例句：

• The mare has just thrown a foal in the stable.那匹母马刚刚在马厩里产下了一只小马驹。
• The mare foundered under the heavy load and collapsed in the road.那母马因负载过重而倒在路上。

17 antagonist   

n.敌人，对抗者，对手

参考例句：

• His antagonist in the debate was quicker than he.在辩论中他的对手比他反应快。
• The thing is to know the nature of your antagonist.要紧的是要了解你的对手的特性。

18 outlaws   

歹徒，亡命之徒( outlaw的名词复数 )； 逃犯

参考例句：

• During his year in the forest, Robin met many other outlaws. 在森林里的一年，罗宾遇见其他许多绿林大盗。
• I didn't have to leave the country or fight outlaws. 我不必离开自己的国家，也不必与不法分子斗争。

19 brigand   

n.土匪，强盗

参考例句：

• This wallace is a brigand,nothing more.华莱士只不过是个土匪。
• How would you deal with this brigand?你要如何对付这个土匪？

20 heinous   

adj.可憎的，十恶不赦的

参考例句：

• They admitted to the most heinous crimes.他们承认了极其恶劣的罪行。
• I do not want to meet that heinous person.我不想见那个十恶不赦的人。

21 malicious   

adj.有恶意的，心怀恶意的

参考例句：

• You ought to kick back at such malicious slander. 你应当反击这种恶毒的污蔑。
• Their talk was slightly malicious.他们的谈话有点儿心怀不轨。

22 rumor   

n.谣言，谣传，传说

参考例句：

• The rumor has been traced back to a bad man.那谣言经追查是个坏人造的。
• The rumor has taken air.谣言流传开了。

23 rumored   

adj.传说的，谣传的v.传闻( rumor的过去式和过去分词 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷

参考例句：

• It is rumored that he cheats on his wife. 据传他对他老婆不忠。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• It was rumored that the white officer had been a Swede. 传说那个白人军官是个瑞典人。 来自辞典例句

24 penetrating   

adj.（声音）响亮的，尖锐的adj.（气味）刺激的adj.（思想）敏锐的，有洞察力的

参考例句：

• He had an extraordinarily penetrating gaze. 他的目光有股异乎寻常的洞察力。
• He examined the man with a penetrating gaze. 他以锐利的目光仔细观察了那个人。

25 alienate   

vt.使疏远，离间；转让(财产等)

参考例句：

• His attempts to alienate the two friends failed because they had complete faith.他离间那两个朋友的企图失败了，因为他们彼此完全信任。
• We'd better not alienate ourselves from the colleagues.我们最好还是不要与同事们疏远。

26 chaotic   

adj.混沌的，一片混乱的，一团糟的

参考例句：

• Things have been getting chaotic in the office recently.最近办公室的情况越来越乱了。
• The traffic in the city was chaotic.这城市的交通糟透了。

27 imminent   

adj.即将发生的，临近的，逼近的

参考例句：

• The black clounds show that a storm is imminent.乌云预示暴风雨即将来临。
• The country is in imminent danger.国难当头。

28 immolate   

v.牺牲

参考例句：

• He would immolate himself for their noble cause.他愿意为他们的崇高事业牺牲自己。
• I choose my career and immolate my time for health and family.我选择了事业而牺牲了健康和家庭的时间。

29 liar   

n.说谎的人

参考例句：

• I know you for a thief and a liar!我算认识你了，一个又偷又骗的家伙！
• She was wrongly labelled a liar.她被错误地扣上说谎者的帽子。

30 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

31 minor   

adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修

参考例句：

• The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
• I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。

32 unwillingly   

adv.不情愿地

参考例句：

• He submitted unwillingly to his mother. 他不情愿地屈服于他母亲。
• Even when I call, he receives unwillingly. 即使我登门拜访，他也是很不情愿地接待我。