英语 英语 日语 日语 韩语 韩语 法语 法语 德语 德语 西班牙语 西班牙语 意大利语 意大利语 阿拉伯语 阿拉伯语 葡萄牙语 葡萄牙语 越南语 越南语 俄语 俄语 芬兰语 芬兰语 泰语 泰语 泰语 丹麦语 泰语 对外汉语

新视野大学英语 读写教程第一册 unit9-a

时间:2005-12-13 16:00来源:互联网 提供网友:1234567890   字体: [ ]
特别声明:本栏目内容均从网络收集或者网友提供,供仅参考试用,我们无法保证内容完整和正确。如果资料损害了您的权益,请与站长联系,我们将及时删除并致以歉意。
    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

Unit 9

Section A

Pre-reading Activities

First Listening
Having ideas about a story before you read it is an important reading skill. Please listen to a very short piece of recording1.

Second Listening
Now listen to the recording for the second time and try to the best of your ability to answer the following questions.
1. How will work quality be determined2 in this new century?
2. What tool brings about major changes in this new century?
3. What are the five tasks this tool will do in this new century?

Looking to the 21st Century

1. Your Future
The future does not determine itself. The actions of the present determine the future.
Edward Cornish, editor of The Futurist magazine published by the World Future Society, says:
"The responsibility we have for the future begins when we recognize that we ourselves create the future — that the future is not something imposed4 upon us by fate or other forces beyond our control. We ourselves build the future both through what we do and what we do not do."

2. Your Brain
Your brainwaves may be checked to see whether you are busy, tired or doing your work properly.
Psychologist Arthur F. Kramer tested volunteers working on arithmetic problems. He could predict their performance from the strength of the brain's electrical activity measured through the head.
The future? Bosses could measure brain activity to learn worker quality. Frequent computer analysis could tell whether workers, like air traffic controllers, are seeing all activity clearly enough to monitor it properly.

3. Your Doctor
More and more, doctors will use visual information about your condition from computers, instead of textbooks, for diagnosis5 and treatment.
Home computers will enable you to answer interactive6 questions about your health and show the alternative results should you act in a certain way.

4. Your Car
Cars will be almost entirely7 controlled by computers.
To pay for costs, cars will be billed for using high-speed toll8 roads. Computers will record the passage of the car and automatically9 take the money from the owner's computer bank account.
Computers will show drivers maps of districts the car is crossing on a small screen in the car.
Computers will diagnose10 any problems with the engine. Computer connections will list the nearest places of repair, tell the cost of new parts and the place where they can be bought.

5. The Computer-Home
More than half of the home computers sold in the United States in recent years will become essential to home life in the West. Future tasks computers already do at home include:
Computers turn on the lights, heating and essential household services before people arrive home from work. Computers control cooking, hot water, security.
Computers enable homework assignments to be done with worldwide resources, using sites like museums and science facilities around the world. Homework help can come equally from the local library, or libraries and databases11 in places as far apart as New York and London, or from teachers and fellow students around the globe.
Many shoppers order groceries at home through Internet suppliers and have purchases delivered.

6. The Workplace
The changing face of work and the workplace is one of the most widespread influences in Western society.
Women now form more than half the workers; the percentage is rising as they start up small businesses of their own, often working from home.
People are changing careers on average every ten years now, instead of staying in a job for life.
Increases in information and knowledge-based businesses are reducing levels of middle management. Top managers get all the information needed to work together with front-line staff.
Specialists are becoming more important than general workers.

7. The Environment
Protection of the environment used to be the concern of special groups. Now governments and businesses realise bad air and water pollution affect everyone, making it difficult for cities to survive and for businesses to make a profit.
London, England's biggest city, often suffers from air pollution which causes more than 1,000 deaths a year. Especially the very young, the elderly and cigarette smokers12 are at high risk.
Many European countries and the United States check vehicles for gas and smoke emissions14 to make sure the levels are below the permitted output. For example, Germany has 600 sites that monitor carbon monoxide.

8. Your Health
Physical fitness15 and healthy lifestyles have changed from fashion and hobby for a few to official policy for many businesses and governments.
Smoking cigarettes is under siege16 as a habit. Smoking advertising17 is banned in many areas.
Although pills for tension, heart conditions, weight and other life-threatening conditions are prescribed by Western doctors, most now require patients to develop healthy lifestyles by changing diets and exercising more to keep well.

Words: 700
NEW WORDS

editor
n. a person who prepares (a book, newspaper, film, etc.) 编辑

futurist
n. a person who favors futurism 未来主义者

publish
vt. 1. bring out (a book, newspaper, etc.) 出版
2. make known in general 发布;公布

impose3
vt. 1. (on) put (a load, or punishment) on 把……强加于
2. (on) establish (an additional bill) officially 征(税等),处以(罚款、监禁等)

fate
n. power beyond human control that decides events 命运

volunteer
n. a person who offers to do sth. 志愿者
v. offer to do sth. without pay or reward 甘愿

arithmetic
n. [U] the science of numbers; the adding, dividing, etc. of numbers 算术
a. of or concerning arithmetic 算术的

predict
vt. say in advance (what will happen) 预测

performance
n. 1. action or way of doing sth. 表现
2. show of music, a play, etc. 表演

electrical
a. concerned with or using electricity 与电有关的;用电的

analysis
n. examination of sth.; analyzing18 分析

◆diagnosis
n. discovery of the nature of a disease 诊断

treatment
n. 1. the act or way of dealing19 with a disease 治疗
2. dealing with 处理;对待

▲interact
vi. 1. have an effect on each other 相互作用;相互影响
2. exchange information or instructions 互通信息

interactive
a. 1. acting20 on each other 相互作用;互相影响
2. communicating (between the user and the machine)(人机之间)可互通信息的

alternative
a. giving a choice from among more than two things 可选择的
n. a serious choice (必须作的)选择

▲toll
n. a small sum of money that one has to pay in order to use a particular bridge or road (过路或过桥等的)费用

engine
n. a machine that turns power into movement 引擎;发动机

connection (英connexion)
n. 1. joining; uniting 连接
2. relations between two things, people, or groups 关系;联系

household
n. people living in a house 家庭
a. concerned with the management of a house 家庭的

security
n. 1. protection 治安保卫
2. state of being secure 安全

worldwide
a. & ad. in or all over the world 世界范围的

site
n. 1. a station from which one can get information through the Internet 网站
2. a place 地点;地方

museum
n. a building where old or important objects from history, science, or the arts are kept and shown 博物馆

facility
n. 1. (pl.) useful things 设施
2. an advantage or opportunity 便利,容易,方便

▲database
n. a computer's organization of information 资料库,数据库

globe
n. 1. the Earth 地球
2. an object in the shape of a ball, especially one with a map of the Earth painted on it 球状物;地球仪

grocer
n. a shop-keeper who sells dry foods and other things for the home 食品杂货商

groceries
n. (pl.) goods (usually foods and other things for the home) sold by a grocer 食品杂货

Internet
n. the worldwide network of computer connections 因特网

purchase
n. sth. that one buys 购买的东西
vt. buy 购买
widespread
a. 1. occurring in many places or among many people 广泛的
2. wide open; fully21 extended 展开的

percentage
n. a number stated as if it is part of a whole which is 100 百分率

career
n. 1. a profession 职业
2. a part of one's life that one spends working 生涯

management
n. 1. [C] people who are in charge of a firm, industry, etc. 管理人员
2. [U] the act of controlling a business 管理

specialist
n. a person who has special interest or skills in a limited field of work or study; master 专家

protection
n. 1. the act of keeping safe or the state of being kept safe 保护
2. sb. or sth. that protects 保护人(物)

pollution
n. act of making dangerously impure22 or unfit for use 污染

survive
v. 1. continue to live, especially after coming close to death 幸免于难
2. live longer than 比……活得长

profit
n. 1. money gained 利润
2. advantage gained from some action 得益
v. gain advantage or learn from 得益(于)

emit
vt. send out 排放

emission13
n. 1. sth. that is sent out 排放物
2. the act or action of sending out sth. 排放

permit
v. allow 容许
n. official paper allowing sth. 许可证

output
n. the quantity produced 产量

carbon
n. 碳

■monoxide
n. 一氧化物

policy
n. a set of ideas or principles that is used as a foundation for making decisions 政策

▲siege
n. an act of surrounding a city, etc., by an army trying to capture it 包围

advertise
v. 1. seek to sell goods or services by giving public notice in newspaper, on television, etc. 广告(销售)
2. make public; give public notice in newspaper, on television, etc. 公布;广告

ban
vt. prevent by law or power; not allow 禁止
n. not allowing an act or speech by power 禁止

pill
n. a small piece of medicine 药片

tension
n. 1. (a feeling of) nervous anxiety, worry, or pressure 紧张,不安
2. the degree or tightness or stiffness23 of a wire, rope, etc. 拉力

prescribe
vt. 1. order as a medicine or treatment 开处方
2. state (what must be done) 规定

diet
n. 1. food and drink usually taken 日常饮食
2. any special combination of food eaten in sickness, or to increase or decrease weight 规定的饮食
PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS

impose on (upon)
force on; place on 强加于

work on (upon)
have (sth.) as the subject of thought or effort 努力做……

more and more
in an increasing quantity or degree 越来越……

pay for
1. suffer the result of 因……而受苦
2. pay some money to acquire sth. 付钱购买……

bill for
give or send a bill stating how much money one has to pay for goods or services 因……送交某人账单或罚单

start up
begin (sth. such as a business); begin working (in a trade, profession, etc.) 开办,开设

on average
as the usual rate or estimate 平均

at risk
in danger 冒险

change from
change (sth. or sb.) from a state to another 由……变来

under siege
in a state of being surrounded 被包围

PROPER NAMES

St.
圣……

Edward Cornish
爱德华·科尼什(人名)

Arthur F. Kramer
阿瑟·费·克雷默(人名)

New York
纽约(地名)

London
伦敦(地名)

England
英格兰(地名)

Europe
欧洲(地名)

European
欧洲的

Germany
德国(地名)


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 recording UktzJj     
n.录音,记录
参考例句:
  • How long will the recording of the song take?录下这首歌得花多少时间?
  • I want to play you a recording of the rehearsal.我想给你放一下彩排的录像。
2 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
3 impose ncLzJ     
vt.把…强加于,加重…负担;征收(税款)
参考例句:
  • Don't impose yourself on people who don't like you.不要硬缠着不喜欢你的人。
  • I don't want to impose on you.我并不想打扰你。
4 imposed 39d8500cab259b2603b8713060cc8672     
自己担负的
参考例句:
  • The decree imposed strict censorship of the media. 这个法令强制实行严格的媒体审查制度。
  • The army imposed a dusk-to-dawn curfew. 军队强制实行黄昏至黎明的宵禁。
5 diagnosis GvPxC     
n.诊断,诊断结果,调查分析,判断
参考例句:
  • His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。
  • The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。
6 interactive KqZzFY     
adj.相互作用的,互相影响的,(电脑)交互的
参考例句:
  • The psychotherapy is carried out in small interactive groups.这种心理治疗是在互动的小组之间进行的。
  • This will make videogames more interactive than ever.这将使电子游戏的互动性更胜以往。
7 entirely entirely     
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地
参考例句:
  • The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
  • His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。
8 toll LJpzo     
n.过路(桥)费;损失,伤亡人数;v.敲(钟)
参考例句:
  • The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
  • The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。
9 automatically xPjyx     
adv.不加思索地,无意识地,自动地
参考例句:
  • The machine cycles automatically.这台机器自动循环运转。
  • She had automatically labelled the boys as troublemakers.她不假思索地认定这些男孩子是捣蛋鬼。
10 diagnose 0v6xB     
vt.诊断,判断
参考例句:
  • It provides a new method for early diagnose of breast cancer.为临床早期诊断乳腺癌提供一个新的检查手段。
  • What more will you want to know to diagnose this problem?要弄清这个问题,你还需要知道些什么?
11 databases e61ce3062cb76770658896b778ad06cd     
n.资料库( database的名词复数 );数据库;(贮存在计算机中的)数据库
参考例句:
  • For example, this problem crops up frequently when querying databases. 例如,在查询数据库时,这一问题频频出现。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • Databases of abstracts would eventually become redundant. 文摘数据库最终将成为多余。 来自辞典例句
12 smokers d3e72c6ca3bac844ba5aa381bd66edba     
吸烟者( smoker的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Many smokers who are chemically addicted to nicotine cannot cut down easily. 许多有尼古丁瘾的抽烟人不容易把烟戒掉。
  • Chain smokers don't care about the dangers of smoking. 烟鬼似乎不在乎吸烟带来的种种危害。
13 emission vjnz4     
n.发出物,散发物;发出,散发
参考例句:
  • Rigorous measures will be taken to reduce the total pollutant emission.采取严格有力措施,降低污染物排放总量。
  • Finally,the way to effectively control particulate emission is pointed out.最后,指出有效降低颗粒排放的方向。
14 emissions 1a87f8769eb755734e056efecb5e2da9     
排放物( emission的名词复数 ); 散发物(尤指气体)
参考例句:
  • Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
  • Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。
15 fitness Xjpxr     
n.适合,适当,健康,健身
参考例句:
  • They're doing exercises to improve their fitness.他们为增强体质而做体操。
  • No one questions her fitness for the job.没人怀疑她能胜任这项工作。
16 siege qhTy5     
n.包围,围攻,围困
参考例句:
  • The city was thrown down during the siege.在围城过程中,这座城市被摧毁了。
  • The enemy lay siege to the town in attempt to starve the people to death.敌人围城,企图将人们饿死。
17 advertising 1zjzi3     
n.广告业;广告活动 a.广告的;广告业务的
参考例句:
  • Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
  • The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。
18 analyzing be408cc8d92ec310bb6260bc127c162b     
v.分析;分析( analyze的现在分词 );分解;解释;对…进行心理分析n.分析
参考例句:
  • Analyzing the date of some socialist countries presents even greater problem s. 分析某些社会主义国家的统计数据,暴露出的问题甚至更大。 来自辞典例句
  • He undoubtedly was not far off the mark in analyzing its predictions. 当然,他对其预测所作的分析倒也八九不离十。 来自辞典例句
19 dealing NvjzWP     
n.经商方法,待人态度
参考例句:
  • This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
  • His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。
20 acting czRzoc     
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
参考例句:
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
21 fully Gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
22 impure NyByW     
adj.不纯净的,不洁的;不道德的,下流的
参考例句:
  • The air of a big city is often impure.大城市的空气往往是污浊的。
  • Impure drinking water is a cause of disease.不洁的饮用水是引发疾病的一个原因。
23 stiffness hhYz7L     
n.硬度
参考例句:
  • You may want to boil out some of the stiffness. 你也许想烫掉一些浆性。
  • The stiffness and self-consciousness soon disappeared. 那种不自然和害羞的感觉不久便消失了。
本文本内容来源于互联网抓取和网友提交,仅供参考,部分栏目没有内容,如果您有更合适的内容,欢迎点击提交分享给大家。
------分隔线----------------------------
顶一下
(12)
92.3%
踩一下
(1)
7.7%
最新评论 查看所有评论
发表评论 查看所有评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:
听力搜索
推荐频道
论坛新贴