新视野大学英语 读写教程第二册 unit5-a

Unit 5

Section A

Pre-reading Activities

First Listening
Please listen to a short passage carefully and prepare to answer some questions.

Second Listening
Listen to the tape again. Then answer the following questions with your own experiences.
1) Who are the characters in this story and what is their relationship to each other?
2) What are the effects of smoking?
3) What does “victory” mean in this story?

Weeping for My Smoking Daughter

My daughter smokes. While she is doing her homework, her feet on the bench in front of her and her calculator clicking out answers to her geometry problems, I am looking at the half-empty package of Camels tossed carelessly close at hand. I pick them up, take them into the kitchen, where the light is better, and study them — they're filtered, for which I am grateful. My heart feels terrible. I want to weep. In fact, I do weep a little, standing¹ there by the stove holding one of the instruments, so white, so precisely² rolled, that could cause my daughter's death. When she smoked Marlboros and Players I hardened myself against feeling so bad; nobody I knew ever smoked these brands.
She doesn't know this, but it was Camels that my father, her grandfather, smoked. But before he smoked cigarettes made by manufacturers — when he was very young and very poor, with glowing eyes — he smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself. I remember the bright-red tobacco tin, with a picture of Queen Victoria's partner, Prince Albert, dressed in a black dress coat and carrying a cane³.
By the late forties and early fifties no one rolled his own anymore (and few women smoked) in my hometown of Eatonton, Georgia. The tobacco industry, coupled with Hollywood movies in which both male and female heroes smoked like chimneys, completely won over people like my father, who were hopelessly hooked by cigarettes. He never looked as fashionable as Prince Albert, though; he continued to look like a poor, overweight, hard working colored man with too large a family, black, with a very white cigarette stuck in his mouth.
I do not remember when he started to cough. Perhaps it was unnoticeable at first, a little coughing in the morning as he lit his first cigarette upon getting out of bed. By the time I was sixteen, my daughter's age, his breath was a wheeze⁴, embarrassing to hear; he could not climb stairs without resting every third or fourth step. It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour.
My father died from "the poor man's friend", pneumonia⁵, one hard winter when his lung illnesses had left him low. I doubt he had much lung left at all, after coughing for so many years. He had so little breath that, during his last years, he was always leaning on something. I remembered once, at a family reunion, when my daughter was two, that my father picked her up for a minute — long enough for me to photograph them — but the effort was obvious. Near the very end of his life, and largely because he had no more lungs, he quit smoking. He gained a couple of pounds, but by then he was so slim that no one noticed.
When I travel to Third World countries I see many people like my father and daughter. There are large advertisement signs directed at them both: the tough, confident or fashionable older man, the beautiful, "worldly" young woman, both dragging away. In these poor countries, as in American inner cities and on reservations, money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies; over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, eventually killing⁶ themselves. I read in the newspaper and in my gardening magazine that the ends of cigarettes are so poisonous that if a baby swallows one, it is likely to die, and that the boiled water from a bunch of them makes an effective insecticide.
There is a deep hurt that I feel as a mother. Some days it is a feeling of uselessness. I remember how carefully I ate when I was pregnant, how patiently I taught my daughter how to cross a street safely. For what, I sometimes wonder; so that she can struggle to breathe through most of her life feeling half her strength, and then die of self-poisoning, as her grandfather did?
There is a quotation⁷ from a battered⁸ women's shelter that I especially like: "Peace on earth begins at home." I believe everything does. I think of a quotation for people trying to stop smoking: "Every home is a no smoking zone." Smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters⁹ those who must sit by, occasionally joke or complain, and helplessly watch. I realize now that as a child I sat by, through the years, and literally¹⁰ watched my father kill himself: surely one such victory in my family, for the prosperous leaders who own the tobacco companies, is enough.
Words: 772

NEW WORDS

weep
v. 1. cry 哭泣，流（泪）
2. (of a wound) produce liquid （伤口）渗出液体

calculator
n. [C] a small electronic device for doing math 计算器

geometry
n. [U] the area of mathematics dealing¹¹ with the relations and qualities of lines, points, surfaces and solids 几何（学）

package
n. 1. [C] a box, etc. in which things are packed （包装用的）盒
2. [C] an object or group of objects that have been put up together in paper or box （中小型的）包裹，包
vt. make (sth.) into or put (sth.) in a package, e.g., for selling 包装，打包，捆扎

camel
n. [C] 骆驼

filter
vt. pass liquid, light, etc. through a special equipment 过滤
vi. (of a group) move gradually（人群）逐渐走出（走入）
n. [C] 过滤器

grateful
a. feeling or showing appreciation¹² for sth. good done; thankful 感激的，感谢的

stove
n. [C] a device used for cooking 炉子，火炉

harden
v. 1. (cause sb. to) become strong; make sb. less conscious of sth. （使）变得坚强,（使）变得冷酷无情
2. (cause sth. to) become hard, strong, etc. （使）变硬,（使）硬化

brand
n. [C] particular make of goods or their trade mark （商品的）牌子, 商标
vt. 1. mark sth. with or as if with a brand 打烙印于，以烙铁打（标记）
2. give sb. a bad name 给……抹黑，加污名于

manufacturer
n. [C] a person or firm that produces goods 制造者，制造商，制造厂

prince
n. [C] an important male member of a royal family, esp. a son or grandson of the king or queen 王子，亲王，王孙

▲cane
n. [C] a long stick used esp. by old, ill or blind people to help them walk 手杖

movie
n. [C] film 电影

hopeless
a. 1. without hope of a good result 毫无希望的，绝望的
2. lacking ability; very bad 无能的，糟糕的

hopelessly
ad. 没有希望地

hook
vt. catch sth. by hook 钩住
n. [C] a device used for catching¹³ or holding things 钩子，钩状物

noticeable
a. easily seen or noticed 易见的，明显的

unnoticeable
a. not able to see or notice 不引人注意的，不明显的

sixteen
num. 十六，十六个

■wheeze
n. [C] noisy breath esp. with a whistling sound in the chest 喘息声，气喘声

◆pneumonia
n. [U] 肺炎

lung
n. [C] either of two parts located in the chest with which people and some animals breathe 肺

▲reunion
n. 1. [C] reuniting or being reunited 再联合，重聚，团聚
2. [C] a social gathering¹⁴ of people who were once friends, etc. 聚会，联谊活动

largely
ad. to a great degree; mainly 一大部分，大半

slim
a. 1. not fat 苗条的，纤细的
2. not thick 薄的
3. (of hope, etc.)very small; slight 微小的，渺茫的

advertisement
n. 1. [C] a public notice offering or asking for goods, services, etc. 广告，启事（提供或征求商品、服务）
2. [U] the action of advertisement 广告活动，宣传

drag
vi. 1. (slang) smoke 抽烟
2. move slowly and with effort 缓慢而费力地行进
vt. pull (sb./sth.) along with effort and difficulty 拖，用力拉
n. [C] a person or thing that makes progress difficult 障碍物，累赘

starve
v. (cause a person or an animal to) suffer seriously or die from hunger（使）挨饿，（使）饿死

weaken
v. (cause sb./sth. to) become weak or weaker 使弱，变弱

poisonous
a. 1. causing death or illness if taken into the body 有毒的
2. full of spite 恶毒的，有恶意的

swallow
vt. 1. cause or allow (esp. food or drink) to go down the throat 吞，咽
2. believe sth. too easily 轻信，轻易接受
vi. use the muscles of the throat as if doing this, esp. in fear 做吞咽动作
n. [C] the action of swallowing 吞，吞咽

bunch
n. 1. [C] a number of things (usu. of the same kind) growing, tied or grouped together 串，束，把
2. [C] a group of people 群，伙
vi. form into a bunch 集中，挤在一起
vt. form sth. into a bunch 使成一束（或一群等）

insect
n. [C] 虫，昆虫

insecticide
n. [C, U] sth. used for killing insects 杀虫剂，杀虫药

useless
a. not serving a useful role; not producing good results 无用的，无效果的

uselessness
n. [U] being not useful 无用，无价值

pregnant
a. having a baby or young animal developing 怀孕的，妊娠的

poison
vt. give some poisonous things to; kill or harm sb. with poisonous things 使中毒，毒杀，毒害
n. [C, U] poisonous matter 毒物，毒药

self-poisoning
a. killing oneself with poison 自我毒害

▲batter
v. hit sb./sth. hard and often 接连重击

zone
n. [C] an area or region with a particular quality or use （具有某种特征或目的的）区，区域，地域

helpless
a. 1. without help 无助的，无保护的
2. unable to act without help; needing the help of others 不能自立的，靠别人帮助的
helplessly
ad. 无助地，无能力地

PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS

close at hand
near; close by 近在手边，在附近

pick up
take hold of and lift sth. 拿起，举起

be grateful for
feel or show appreciation for sth. good done to one; be thankful for 对……感激，对……致谢

be dressed in
wear 穿着

couple with
link or associate sb./sth. with sb./sth. 把……和……联系在一起

die from
die because of reasons other than illnesses or feelings 由于（除疾病、感情以外的原因）而死亡

lean on
rest on sth. for support 倚，靠

Third World countries
the developing countries of Africa, Latin America and Asia 第三世界国家

direct at
intend that a particular person or group should notice (what one says or does) 旨在引起注意，针对

starve of
(cause sb. to) suffer or long for sth. greatly needed or wanted （使）因缺乏而受困苦，渴望，（使）丧失

struggle to do
experience difficulty and make a very great effort in order to do sth. 奋斗，挣扎

die of
die because of some illnesses or feelings 因（疾病、情感等）而死

PROPER NAMES

Marlboro
万宝路（香烟品牌）

Prince Albert
阿尔伯特亲王（维多利亚女王的丈夫）

Queen Victoria
维多利亚女王（1819-1901）

Eatonton
伊腾顿

Georgia
佐治亚州（美国州名）

Hollywood
好莱坞（美国加利福尼亚州西南部港市洛杉矶的一部分，在北郊，美国电影业中心）

1 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

2 precisely   

adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地

参考例句：

• It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
• The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。

3 cane   

n.手杖，细长的茎，藤条；v.以杖击，以藤编制的

参考例句：

• This sugar cane is quite a sweet and juicy.这甘蔗既甜又多汁。
• English schoolmasters used to cane the boys as a punishment.英国小学老师过去常用教鞭打男学生作为惩罚。

4 wheeze   

n.喘息声，气喘声；v.喘息着说

参考例句：

• The old man managed to wheeze out a few words.老人勉强地喘息着说出了几句话。
• He has a slight wheeze in his chest.他呼吸时胸部发出轻微的响声。

5 pneumonia   

n.肺炎

参考例句：

• Cage was struck with pneumonia in her youth.凯奇年轻时得过肺炎。
• Pneumonia carried him off last week.肺炎上星期夺去了他的生命。

6 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

7 quotation   

n.引文，引语，语录；报价，牌价，行情

参考例句：

• He finished his speech with a quotation from Shakespeare.他讲话结束时引用了莎士比亚的语录。
• The quotation is omitted here.此处引文从略。

8 battered   

adj.磨损的；v.连续猛击；磨损

参考例句：

• He drove up in a battered old car.他开着一辆又老又破的旧车。
• The world was brutally battered but it survived.这个世界遭受了惨重的创伤,但它还是生存下来了。

9 batters   

n.面糊（煎料）( batter的名词复数 )；面糊（用于做糕饼）；（ 棒球） 正在击球的球员；击球员v.连续猛击( batter的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• The pitcher has beaned as many as three batters in this game. 在这？热？投手投球竟打中了三个击手的头。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• A storm batters the ship. 一场风暴袭击了这条船。 来自辞典例句

10 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。

11 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

12 appreciation   

n.评价；欣赏；感谢；领会，理解；价格上涨

参考例句：

• I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to you all.我想对你们所有人表达我的感激和谢意。
• I'll be sending them a donation in appreciation of their help.我将送给他们一笔捐款以感谢他们的帮助。

13 catching   

adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住

参考例句：

• There are those who think eczema is catching.有人就是认为湿疹会传染。
• Enthusiasm is very catching.热情非常富有感染力。

14 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。