新托福考试听力特训 CD1-Track20

CD1-track20

Biology: Sunshine

1. What is the main idea of the lecture?

A The lack of Vitamin D is the main cause of skin cancer.

B Sunbathing¹ for a long time causes no problems.

C The danger of the sunshine has been ignored because of its benefits.

D The advantages and disadvantages of the sun .

(D)

2. According to the lecture, when concerned with our bodies, what is the main

function of sunshine?

A It changes ergosterol to Vitamin D.

B It suppresses serotonin.

C It can cause Seasonal² Affective Disorder³.

D It can cause skin and bladder cancer.

(A)

听力原文：

CD1-track20

Biology: Sunshine

“Good morning class. Today I thought we would talk about something bright and

cheerful: the sun. I know most of you got to school before the sun came up, but can

anyone tell me how they feel when its sunny compared to when it’s cloudy?”

(Another voice)

“I find it’s a lot easier to get up in the morning if it’s sunny”

(Back to narrator)

“Good. How do you usually feel if it’s cloudy?”

(Another voice)

“Well I don’t mind, because I enjoy staying in on a rainy day curled up in bed with a

good book.”

(Back to narrator)

“Well, what if I told you it would rain for weeks on end with no break?”

(Another voice)

“Ya I can see your point. I don’t think I would like that very much”

(Back to narrator)

“Most of the articles we read lately regarding the sun are discussing the negative

effects of staying in the sun for too long saying that ultra violet radiation from the sun

is a major cause of skin cancer. Although these articles are factual, the sun does have

some positive side effects as well. As a matter of fact some scientists believe that

sunlight may reduce the risk of several types of cancer. “

(Another voice)

“Excuse me but many articles I’ve read blame the sun for causing cancer, stating that

it can take as little as 30min to get a sunburn”

(Back to narrator)

“Yes and those articles are correct. However in small doses the sun can be quite

healthy for you. In fact recent studies have found that sunlight can actually help

protect you from certain types of cancer such as breast colon⁴ bladder and stomach.

More importantly the sun provides us with our main source of vitamin D.”

(Another voice)

“Well I don’t need to worry about vitamins because I take multi vitamins everyday”

(Back to narrator)

“That’s great, but wouldn’t it be better if you didn’t have to take them and you were

able to get vitamins in a more natural way such as food and the sun? Most people

understand that nutrients⁵ strengthen our bones and muscles and heighten our immune

system to better fight diseases like the common cold. However, many people don’t

realize that the ultra violet or UV rays from the sun actually convert irgasterol which

is found in our skin to vitamin D. Vitamin D is needed for normal growth of teeth and

bones and has also been proven to prevent the development and increase of cancerous

tumors”

(Another voice)

“Does that mean we should spend all the day in the sun without any protection?

(Back to narrator)

“No spending roughly 10min per day in the sun should be enough to supply us with

all the Vitamin D that we need.”

(Another voice)

“What happens if we don’t get enough Vitamin D?”

(Back to narrator)

“Excellent question! I’m glad you asked me that. Low Vitamin D can cause many

diseases such as chronic⁶ fatigue⁷, a softening⁸ of the bones, osteoporosis and multiple

skilerriosis. Getting back to our mood some researchers have proven that sunshine

can actually cheer you up. When I see the sun I always feel happy energetic and

generally positive. But did you realize that the sun can change your mood chemically

and might even prevent depression. There is a saying called ‘spring fever’ when many

people feel the beginning of spring as a sign of good days ahead. During the winter

many of us are stuck indoors out of the sun. The lack of sun causes for many people a

condition called SAD or Seasonal Affective Disorder. SAD is caused by suppression of

serotonin which keeps our mood, emotions, sleep and appetite in check. When we

don’t get enough we feel depressed⁹ and this is usually experienced by people who are

deprived of sunlight during the dull winter months. So class during your break why

don’t you step outside and get a bit of Vitamin D?”

1 sunbathing   

n.日光浴

参考例句：

• tourists sunbathing on the beach 在海滩上沐浴着阳光的游客
• We've been sunbathing on the beach. 我们一直在海滩上晒日光浴。

2 seasonal   

adj.季节的，季节性的

参考例句：

• The town relies on the seasonal tourist industry for jobs.这个城镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。
• The hors d'oeuvre is seasonal vegetables.餐前小吃是应时蔬菜。

3 disorder   

n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调

参考例句：

• When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
• It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。

4 colon   

n.冒号，结肠，直肠

参考例句：

• Here,too,the colon must be followed by a dash.这里也是一样，应当在冒号后加破折号。
• The colon is the locus of a large concentration of bacteria.结肠是大浓度的细菌所在地。

5 nutrients   

n.（食品或化学品）营养物，营养品( nutrient的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏
• Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 营养素被吸收进血液。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 chronic   

adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的

参考例句：

• Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
• Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

7 fatigue   

n.疲劳，劳累

参考例句：

• The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey.这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
• I have got over my weakness and fatigue.我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。

8 softening   

变软，软化

参考例句：

• Her eyes, softening, caressed his face. 她的眼光变得很温柔了。它们不住地爱抚他的脸。 来自汉英文学 - 家（1-26） - 家（1-26）
• He might think my brain was softening or something of the kind. 他也许会觉得我婆婆妈妈的，已经成了个软心肠的人了。

9 depressed   

adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的

参考例句：

• When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
• His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。