许国璋英语听力第三册 Lesson 18增加文本

　　Word List
strand¹ vt 使（船）搁浅；使（某人）困于（某地）
canoe n 独木小舟
fancy n 幻想；异想
prevail vi 占上风；占压倒优势
launch vt 使（新船）下水
fell vt 伐（木）；砍树
cedar² n 杉木
temple n 庙宇
diameter n 直径
stump³ n 树桩
lessen⁴ vi 变小，变少
part vi 分开
branch n 树枝
infinite adj 无限的
hack⁵ vi 砍；劈
hew⁶ vi 砍；劈
vast adj 巨大的
upright adv 直立的
mere⁷ adj 仅仅；不过
mallet⁸ n 槌子；木槌
chisel⁹ n 凿子
handsome adj 漂亮的
cargo¹⁰ n 货物
weary adj 令人厌倦的
stroke n 一击
voyage n 航行
undertake vt 从事
device n 方法，手段
yard n 码（=三英尺）
inconvenience n 困难；不便之处
uphill adj 上坡的
creek¹¹ n 小水湾
resolve vt决心；决定
dig vi 挖；掘
surface n 表面
grudge¹² vt 吝惜
deliverance n （从困境中)解脱；解放
stir vt 摇动；移动
cannal n 运河
measure vt 测量
calculate vt 计算
reluctance¹³ n 不愿意
folly¹⁴ n 愚蠢
IDIOMS AND EXPRESSIONS
to put oneself upon thinking 开始考虑
to have in mind(something) 心中所想的是
to make.....of ....以。。。为材料制作
so as to 以便；
to go through( work）做完
to be delighted with 因。。。而十分高兴
many a= many 许多
to feel certain that 觉得。。。肯定
to meet a difficulty 对付困难
to have something in view 可以指望得到某种东西
at length 终于
to give up 放弃
to count the cost 计算代价
TEXT
ROBINSON CRUSOE MAKES HIMSELF A BOAT
I had been stranded¹⁵ on this little island for quite some time when one day I put myself upon thinking whether it was not possible to make myself a boat. I had in mind a canoe, such as the natives of these regions make of the trunk of a great tree. This I not only thought possible but easy. I felt so pleased with the idea that I never once considered how I should get it off the land after it was completed.
The eagerness of my fancy prevailed and to work I went. " Let's first make it and then i'll find some way or other to launch it into the water," I said to myself.
I felled a cedar tree, and I doubt whether Solomon ever had such a tree for the building of the temple at Jerusalem. It was five feet teninches in diameter near the stump, and four feet eleven inches in diameter at the end of twenty-two feet, after which it lessened¹⁶ a little, and then parted into branches. It was not without infinite labour that I felled this tree. I was twenty days hacking¹⁷ and hewing¹⁸ at it at the bottom.I was fourteen more getting the branches and the vast spreading head of it cut off. After this it tookme a month to shape it to something like the bottom of a boat, so that it might swim upright. It took me another three months to clear the inside so as to make and exact boat of it. This I did by mere mallet and chisel, and by hard labour, till I had a very handsome boat. It was big enough to carryl six-and-twenty men, and therefore big enough to carry me and all my cargo.
When I had gone through this work I was extremely delighted with it. The boat was really much bigger than any canoe I ever saw that was made of one tree. Many a weary stroke it had cost, you may be sure, and there remained nothing but to get it into the water; and had I succeeded in getting it into the water, I feel certain that I should have begun the maddest voyage that was ever undertaken by man.
However, all my devices to get it into the water failed, though they cost me infinite labour. The boat lay about one hundred yards from the water, and not more; but the first inconvenience was it was uphill towards the creek. Well, to meet this difficulty, I resolved to dig into the surface of the earth, so as to make it easier to launch the boat. This I began, and ti cost me enormous pains; but who grudge pains that have their deliverance in view? But when this was worked through, I found it still impossible to stir the canoe.
Then I resolved to cut a canal to bring the water up to the canoe, seeing that I could not bring the canoe down to the water. Well, I measured the distance of ground, and calculated how deep it was to be dug, how broad, and how the earth to be thrown out. I found that since there was no other person to work at it but myself it would bhave to be ten to twelve years before I could go through with it; for the shore lay high, and at the upper end it must have been twenty feet deep. So at lengh, though with great reluctance, I gave up the attempt.
This was a great lesson to me, and now I saw, though too late, the folly of beginning a work before we count the cost, and before we judge rightly of our own strenghth to go through with it.
(Adapted from Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe)

1 strand   

vt.使（船）搁浅，使（某人）困于（某地）

参考例句：

• She tucked a loose strand of hair behind her ears.她把一缕散发夹到了耳后。
• The climbers had been stranded by a storm.登山者被暴风雨困住了。

2 cedar   

n.雪松，香柏(木)

参考例句：

• The cedar was about five feet high and very shapely.那棵雪松约有五尺高,风姿优美。
• She struck the snow from the branches of an old cedar with gray lichen.她把长有灰色地衣的老雪松树枝上的雪打了下来。

3 stump   

n.残株，烟蒂，讲演台；v.砍断，蹒跚而走

参考例句：

• He went on the stump in his home state.他到故乡所在的州去发表演说。
• He used the stump as a table.他把树桩用作桌子。

4 lessen   

vt.减少，减轻；缩小

参考例句：

• Regular exercise can help to lessen the pain.经常运动有助于减轻痛感。
• They've made great effort to lessen the noise of planes.他们尽力减小飞机的噪音。

5 hack   

n.劈，砍，出租马车；v.劈，砍，干咳

参考例句：

• He made a hack at the log.他朝圆木上砍了一下。
• Early settlers had to hack out a clearing in the forest where they could grow crops.早期移民不得不在森林里劈出空地种庄稼。

6 hew   

v.砍；伐；削

参考例句：

• Hew a path through the underbrush.在灌木丛中砍出一条小路。
• Plant a sapling as tall as yourself and hew it off when it is two times high of you.种一棵与自己身高一样的树苗，长到比自己高两倍时砍掉它。

7 mere   

adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过

参考例句：

• That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
• It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。

8 mallet   

n.槌棒

参考例句：

• He hit the peg mightily on the top with a mallet.他用木槌猛敲木栓顶。
• The chairman rapped on the table twice with his mallet.主席用他的小木槌在桌上重敲了两下。

9 chisel   

n.凿子；v.用凿子刻，雕，凿

参考例句：

• This chisel is useful for getting into awkward spaces.这凿子在要伸入到犄角儿里时十分有用。
• Camille used a hammer and chisel to carve out a figure from the marble.卡米尔用锤子和凿子将大理石雕刻出一个人像。

10 cargo   

n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物

参考例句：

• The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。
• A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。

11 creek   

n.小溪，小河，小湾

参考例句：

• He sprang through the creek.他跳过小河。
• People sunbathe in the nude on the rocks above the creek.人们在露出小溪的岩石上裸体晒日光浴。

12 grudge   

n.不满，怨恨，妒嫉；vt.勉强给，不情愿做

参考例句：

• I grudge paying so much for such inferior goods.我不愿花这么多钱买次品。
• I do not grudge him his success.我不嫉妒他的成功。

13 reluctance   

n.厌恶，讨厌，勉强，不情愿

参考例句：

• The police released Andrew with reluctance.警方勉强把安德鲁放走了。
• He showed the greatest reluctance to make a reply.他表示很不愿意答复。

14 folly   

n.愚笨，愚蠢，蠢事，蠢行，傻话

参考例句：

• Learn wisdom by the folly of others.从别人的愚蠢行动中学到智慧。
• Events proved the folly of such calculations.事情的进展证明了这种估计是愚蠢的。

15 stranded   

a.搁浅的，进退两难的

参考例句：

• He was stranded in a strange city without money. 他流落在一个陌生的城市里， 身无分文，一筹莫展。
• I was stranded in the strange town without money or friends. 我困在那陌生的城市，既没有钱，又没有朋友。

16 lessened   

减少的，减弱的

参考例句：

• Listening to the speech through an interpreter lessened its impact somewhat. 演讲辞通过翻译的嘴说出来，多少削弱了演讲的力量。
• The flight to suburbia lessened the number of middle-class families living within the city. 随着迁往郊外的风行，住在城内的中产家庭减少了。

17 hacking   

n.非法访问计算机系统和数据库的活动

参考例句：

• The patient with emphysema is hacking all day. 这个肺气肿病人整天不断地干咳。
• We undertook the task of hacking our way through the jungle. 我们负责在丛林中开路。

18 hewing   

v.（用斧、刀等）砍、劈( hew的现在分词 )；砍成；劈出；开辟

参考例句：

• The farmer spent a day in the woods hewing timber. 这个农夫花了一天时间在森林里砍木材。 来自辞典例句
• He was hewing away at the trunk of the tree. 他不停地照着树干砍去。 来自辞典例句