新闻周刊:英国两人接种辉瑞新冠疫苗出现严重过敏反应(2)

A study of the data from the large-scale, Phase III clinical trial evaluating the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine¹—published yesterday—showed that around 0.6 percent of people who received the shot had some form of allergic² reaction during the testing, compared to about 0.5 percent in the group that were given a placebo³.

昨天公布的一项对辉瑞/BioNTech疫苗进行评估的大规模III期临床试验的数据显示，在接受注射的人群中，约有0.6%的人在测试过程中出现了某种形式的过敏反应，而在服用无效对照剂的人群中，这一比例约为0.5%。

"So there was a genuine excess of allergic reaction but this was small and the true rate is not known, and there is a lot of uncertainty⁴ around that estimate," Evans said. "The only thing that is contraindicated with this vaccine—meaning you mustn't have it—is hypersensitivity to the vaccine or any of the excipients (other things in the vaccine,) but some people won't know if they have hypersensitivity to some constituents⁵ of the vaccine."

埃文斯说：“所以过敏反应确实过多，但概率很小，真实的过敏率还不得而知，这一评估还有很多不确定性。这种疫苗唯一禁用于对疫苗或任何辅药（疫苗中的其他物质）过敏的人，但有些人不知道他们是否对疫苗的某些成分过敏。”

The MHRA will now conduct an investigation⁶ to fully⁷ understand the allergic reactions experienced by the two NHS workers and their causes.

MHRA现在将进行一项调查，以充分了解两名NHS工作人员的过敏反应及其原因。

Individuals like the two NHS workers who need to carry EpiPens are at an increased risk of an allergic reaction from vaccines⁸ compared to the general population without a history of severe allergy⁹, Dr. Penny Ward¹⁰, a professor of pharmaceutical¹¹ medicine at King's College London, said in a statement.

伦敦国王学院药学教授彭妮·沃德博士在一份声明中说，像这两名需要携带EpiPens的NHS工作人员这样的人，与没有严重过敏史的普通人群相比，因疫苗而产生过敏反应的风险更高。

"Previous epidemiological studies of anaphylaxis suggests that an anaphylactic reaction might be observed within a community in up to 30 out of 100,000 people followed over a year, by chance alone," she said.

她说：“以前关于过敏反应的流行病学研究表明，据观察，在一个社区内，10万人中有30人可能在一年多的时间里发生过敏反应，仅仅是偶然的。”。

"As these two events occurred in people with a history of severe allergy, it is sensible of the MHRA to draw attention to these reports and to suggest that individuals with a history of severe allergy not receive the vaccine at this time."

“由于这两个事件发生在有严重过敏史的人身上，MHRA应该引起对这些报告的注意，并建议有严重过敏史的人此时不接种疫苗。”

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 allergic   

adj.过敏的，变态的

参考例句：

• Alice is allergic to the fur of cats.艾丽斯对猫的皮毛过敏。
• Many people are allergic to airborne pollutants such as pollen.许多人对空气传播的污染物过敏，比如花粉。

3 placebo   

n.安慰剂；宽慰话

参考例句：

• The placebo has been found to work with a lot of different cases.人们已发现安慰剂能在很多不同的病例中发挥作用。
• The placebo effect refers to all the observable behaviors caused by placebo.安慰剂效应是指由安慰剂所引起的可观察的行为。

4 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。

5 constituents   

n.选民( constituent的名词复数 )；成分；构成部分；要素

参考例句：

• She has the full support of her constituents. 她得到本区选民的全力支持。
• Hydrogen and oxygen are the constituents of water. 氢和氧是水的主要成分。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

7 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

8 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

9 allergy   

n.(因食物、药物等而引起的)过敏症

参考例句：

• He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。
• The patient had an allergy to penicillin.该患者对青霉素过敏。

10 ward   

n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开

参考例句：

• The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
• During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时，我要点根火把，抵挡蚊虫。

11 pharmaceutical   

adj.药学的，药物的；药用的，药剂师的

参考例句：

• She has donated money to establish a pharmaceutical laboratory.她捐款成立了一个药剂实验室。
• We are engaged in a legal tussle with a large pharmaceutical company.我们正同一家大制药公司闹法律纠纷。