英国新闻听力 G20同意继续使用政府支出刺激经济增长

The British Chancellor¹ of the Exchequer² Alistair Darling has said G20 finance ministers have agreed to continue to use government spending to boost their economies. Mr. Darling said the ministers from the world’s 20 leading economies meeting in London decided³ to maintain stimulus⁴ measures until economic recovery was better established. He said the job of safeguarding the world economy was not yet done.

Financial markets are stabilizing⁵ and the global economy is improving, but we do remain cautious about the outlook for growth and jobs. We agreed that we would continue to implement⁶ our necessary support measures, including monetary⁷ and fiscal⁸ policies, consistent with price stability and long-term fiscal sustainability until recovery is secured.

The G20 finance ministers have also agreed plans for controlling the way bankers’ bonuses are paid. But they failed to back French and German plans for an upper limit on bankers’ pay. The United States and Britain said it would be unenforceable. Our business correspondent, Nils Blythe reports.

The finance ministers have agreed on the need for global standards on the structures of bankers’ pay, so bonus payments must be spread over several years with an opportunity to claw back money if the bank’s fortunes deteriorate⁹. On limiting the total amounts paid out, the ministers have passed on the problem to the Financial Stability Board, a new international organization of regulators and central banks. The FSB has been asked to explore possible approaches to the issue and that process is likely to continue long after the international leaders have held their summit meeting in Pittsburgh in just under three weeks time.

The authorities in Macedonia say at least 15 people are now known to have died when a boat carrying dozens of tourists sank in a lake. Witnesses said the vessel¹⁰ went down in a matter of seconds. Mark Lowan reports.

The rescue effort is continuing into the evening in Lake Ohrid, the site of an accident called “an enormous tragedy” by the Macedonian authorities. Divers¹¹ are still searching for more bodies trapped in the wreckage¹² under water. A definitive¹³ cause has not yet been established, but the aging vessel was severely¹⁴ overcrowded. It’s thought the majority of those killed were Bulgarian. The political ramifications¹⁵ of the disaster are now being felt. Macedonia’s Minister of Transport has resigned for what he called “ethical reasons”. Mark Lowan reporting.

There have been further clashes in Gabon between security forces and people protesting against the recent election of Ali Ben Bongo as president. Demonstrators in the main industrial city of Port Gentil attacked public buildings and those belonging to the French oil company Total. They accused France, the former colonial power, of helping¹⁶ to fix the election. A number of people are reported to have died in three days of violence since Ali Ben Bongo was declared the winner succeeding his father Omar Bongo.

Seven men have been freed from prison on the Caribbean island of Grenada after serving sentences for the 1983 coup¹⁷ that led to a US invasion. The former Deputy Prime Minister Bernard Coard and six others were greeted by cheering relatives on their release. They were the last of 17 coup plotters arrested after the invasion. The group was convicted of murdering the former leftist Prime Minister Maurice Bishop¹⁸.

Reports from Yemen say clashes are continuing between government forces and Shiah Muslim rebels in two northern provinces Saada and Amran. There’s been no word on casualties partly because communications in the area have been severely disrupted. The latest violence followed a brief truce¹⁹. Here is our Middle East reporter Yolanda Neil.

Aid workers in Yemen say that people got their hopes up when a ceasefire was declared between government forces trying to re-impose central authority in the north of the country and Shiite Muslim rebels from the Zadi sect²⁰. The truce was intended to help aid organizations deliver urgently needed food and medical supplies, but in the end it did not hold. According to United Nations’ estimates, 35,000 Yemenis have been displaced in the past three weeks of fierce fighting centered in the province of Saada. Many are now living in makeshift camps.

The Spanish Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero says he is ready to send more troops to Afghanistan. Mr. Zapatero said the Defense²¹ Minister would probably ask Parliament to send about 200 extra soldiers. About 1,200 Spanish troops are currently serving in Afghanistan.

More than 4,000 hearing impaired²² athletes and officials from around the world have gathered in Taiwan for the 21st Deaflympics. The tournament which is sanctioned by the International Olympic Committee opened with a ceremony in the capital Taipei. China boycotted²³ the Deaflympics opening ceremony, but Chinese athletes are expected to take part.

英国财政大臣达林(Alistair Darling)表示，20国集团财政部长一致认为应该继续使用政府支出政策来刺激经济发展。达林称，在伦敦参加G20峰会的各国部长决定保持经济刺激措施，知道经济复苏更加稳定。他说，保护世界经济稳定的工作还没有完成。

金融市场正在逐渐稳定，全球经济有所改善，但是我们对经济增长和就业市场的前景一直非常谨慎。我们一致同意，我们应该继续实施必要的支持措施，包括货币和财政政策，与价格稳定和长期的财政可持续性相一致，一直到经济复苏比较稳定。

G20财政部长还针对控制银行家奖金发放的计划达成一致。但是，他们并未支持法国和德国对银行高管薪资做限制的计划。美国和英国称，这样是不可能的。我们的商业记者Nils Blythe报道。

各国财政部长同意实施银行家薪资结构全球标准的必要性，这样的话，纪念之内，如果银行资产状况恶化，奖金支付有机会获得弥补性收入。在限制总奖金支出方面，各国部长将这个问题交由新成立的国际调控和中央银行组织，金融稳定委员会。金融稳定委员会将探索解决该问题的方法，该过程可能在各国领导三周后在匹兹堡举行峰会之后的很长一段时间之内还在进行。

马其顿官方称，一艘载有多名游客的船只在湖上沉没，目前已有至少15人死亡。目击者称，船只在几秒钟之内完全沉没。Mark Lowan报道。

夜晚奥赫里德湖(Lake Ohrid)的搜救工作仍在继续。马其顿官方将这次事故称为“巨大的灾难”。潜水员仍然在搜索被困在水下的游客。目前

还没有公布确定的事故原因，但是其中一个原因可能是船只老化且超载。据称，死者大多数为保加利亚人。目前，这次灾难已经引发了政治问题。马其顿交通部长称自己因“民族原因”辞职。Mark Lowan报道。

加蓬安全力量和反对阿里·邦戈当选新总统的抗议人群之间发生进一步冲突。主要工业城市让蒂尔港的示威者袭击了公共建筑和属于法国石油公司Total的建筑。他们指控前殖民主义者法国帮助内定了选举。据报告，自选举委员会宣布阿里·邦戈将继任其父亲成为下任总统以来的三天暴力活动中，已有多人死亡。

7名男子因1983年的军事政变服刑多年之后从加勒比海格林纳达岛监狱得到释放。当时的政变导致了美国的入侵。前副总理Bernard Coard和其他6人受到亲人的热烈欢迎。他们是继入侵之后被逮捕的17名军事政变密谋者中最后一批。该组织被判谋杀前左翼总理Maurice Bishop。

来自也门的报告称，政府力量和什叶派穆斯林反叛分子在北部两省Saada和Amran的冲突继续。目前还没有具体的伤亡数字，一部分原因是该地区通讯状况受到严重毁坏。这是自简短的休战之后最新的暴力冲突。下面是我们的中东记者Yolanda Neil报道。

也门的救助人员称，当试图在该国北部重新建立中央政权的政府力量和来自Zadi反叛军团的什叶派穆斯林之间宣布停火时，人们心中燃起了希望。休战是为了让救助组织运送紧急需求的食物和医疗补给，但是最后，休战并没有坚持多长时间。据联合国估计，过去三周在Saada省中部的激烈战争中，已有35,000名也门人被迫转移。

何塞·路易斯·罗德里格斯·萨帕特罗(Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero)称他准备向阿富汗派遣更多军队。萨帕特罗称，国防部长可能向议会申请增派200名士兵。目前，已有1,200名西班牙军队在阿富汗执行任务。

来自世界各地的听觉障碍运动员和官员齐聚台湾参加第21届听障奥运会。该运动会受到国际奥委会的制裁，开幕式将在台北举行。只能各国政府抵制听障奥运会开幕式，但是预期将有中国运动员参加。

1 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

2 exchequer   

n.财政部；国库

参考例句：

• In Britain the Chancellor of the Exchequer deals with taxes and government spending.英国的财政大臣负责税务和政府的开支。
• This resulted in a considerable loss to the exchequer.这使国库遭受了重大损失。

3 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

4 stimulus   

n.刺激，刺激物，促进因素，引起兴奋的事物

参考例句：

• Regard each failure as a stimulus to further efforts.把每次失利看成对进一步努力的激励。
• Light is a stimulus to growth in plants.光是促进植物生长的一个因素。

5 stabilizing   

n.稳定化处理[退火]v.（使）稳定， （使）稳固( stabilize的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The disulfide bridges might then be viewed primarily as stabilizing components. 二硫桥可以被看作是初级的稳定因素。 来自辞典例句
• These stabilizing design changes are usually not desirable for steady-state operation. 这些增加稳定性的设计改变通常不太符合稳态工作的要求。 来自辞典例句

6 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

7 monetary   

adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的

参考例句：

• The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

8 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

9 deteriorate   

v.变坏；恶化；退化

参考例句：

• Do you think relations between China and Japan will continue to deteriorate?你认为中日关系会继续恶化吗？
• He held that this would only cause the situation to deteriorate further.他认为，这只会使局势更加恶化。

10 vessel   

n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管

参考例句：

• The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
• You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。

11 divers   

adj.不同的；种种的

参考例句：

• He chose divers of them,who were asked to accompany him.他选择他们当中的几个人，要他们和他作伴。
• Two divers work together while a standby diver remains on the surface.两名潜水员协同工作，同时有一名候补潜水员留在水面上。

12 wreckage   

n.（失事飞机等的）残骸，破坏，毁坏

参考例句：

• They hauled him clear of the wreckage.他们把他从形骸中拖出来。
• New states were born out of the wreckage of old colonial empires.新生国家从老殖民帝国的废墟中诞生。

13 definitive   

adj.确切的，权威性的；最后的，决定性的

参考例句：

• This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine.这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
• No one has come up with a definitive answer as to why this should be so.至于为什么该这样，还没有人给出明确的答复。

14 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。

15 ramifications   

n.结果，后果( ramification的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• These changes are bound to have widespread social ramifications. 这些变化注定会造成许多难以预料的社会后果。
• What are the ramifications of our decision to join the union? 我们决定加入工会会引起哪些后果呢？ 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

17 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

18 bishop   

n.主教，（国际象棋）象

参考例句：

• He was a bishop who was held in reverence by all.他是一位被大家都尊敬的主教。
• Two years after his death the bishop was canonised.主教逝世两年后被正式封为圣者。

19 truce   

n.休战，(争执，烦恼等的)缓和；v.以停战结束

参考例句：

• The hot weather gave the old man a truce from rheumatism.热天使这位老人暂时免受风湿病之苦。
• She had thought of flying out to breathe the fresh air in an interval of truce.她想跑出去呼吸一下休战期间的新鲜空气。

20 sect   

n.派别，宗教，学派，派系

参考例句：

• When he was sixteen he joined a religious sect.他16岁的时候加入了一个宗教教派。
• Each religious sect in the town had its own church.该城每一个宗教教派都有自己的教堂。

21 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

22 impaired   

adj.受损的；出毛病的；有（身体或智力）缺陷的v.损害，削弱( impair的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Much reading has impaired his vision. 大量读书损害了他的视力。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• His hearing is somewhat impaired. 他的听觉已受到一定程度的损害。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

23 boycotted   

抵制，拒绝参加( boycott的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Athletes from several countries boycotted the Olympic Games. 有好几国的运动员抵制奥林匹克运动会。
• The opposition party earlier boycotted the Diet agenda, demanding Miyaji's resignation. 反对党曾杯葛国会议程，要宫路下台。