英国新闻听力 南非暴力抗议活动扩散

Violent protests against poor living conditions are spreading in South Africa where more than 100 people have been arrested in a week of clashes. Police fired rubber bullets at demonstrators in Johannesburg, the Western Cape¹ and the north-eastern region of Mpumalanga. It's the most direct challenge to President Zuma since he came to power in April, promising² to improve conditions in the townships. Peter Biles has this report.

The protests over service delivery are a reminder³ of the impatience⁴ felt in the most deprived areas of the country. Paradoxically, the gap between rich and poor is wider now than it was 15 years ago in spite of the progress that's been made since the demise⁵ of apartheid. Mr. Zuma is still to make his mark as president. Now he will be under even greater pressure to explain how the ANC is going to meet its plethora⁶ of election promises.

As the first human trials for a swine flu vaccine⁷ began in Australia, the United States has appealed for several thousand volunteers to take part in similar tests there. The first American volunteers, all adults, will be injected next month. Initial results should help the US government decide whether to carry out a mass vaccination⁸ campaign. Smaller scale trials are already underway in Australia. Andrew Cuthbertson is the director of research at the laboratories developing the vaccine.

"We have a specific vaccine that we believe will be able to protect millions of people against this new H1N1 flu. But what we have to do before this is made generally available is do some appropriate testing."

Security officials in Ukraine say a suspect in the murder of the journalist Georgiy Gongadze nine years ago has been arrested and has confessed to his killing⁹. The decapitated body of Mr. Gongadze, an outspoken¹⁰ critic of the then President Leonid Kuchma was found dumped in a forest, provoking widespread outrage¹² in Ukraine. Mr. Gongadze's widow, Myroslava, welcomed the arrest of General Oleksiy Pukach.

"It's crucially important that the Security Service of Ukraine were able to find and arrest General Pukach from the evidence presented during the previous court hearing and testimonies¹³. It's clear that General Pukach is the one who intentionally¹⁴ killed Georgiy, strangled him with his own belt."

Investigators¹⁵ in the United States have raided the clinic of Michael Jackson's personal doctor. The man Conrad Murray was with Jackson when he died last month. Police in Texas were seen removing bags from Dr. Murray's clinic in the city of Houston. A lawyer for Dr. Murray said officials were looking for evidence of manslaughter. Dr. Murray who has been interviewed by police is not considered to be a suspect.

The American Secretary of State Hillary Clinton has given an uncompromising warning on nuclear weapons to North Korea and Iran. She told North Korea that its only option was to complete an irreversible dismantling¹⁶ of its nuclear weapons program and China, Russia, Japan and South Korea agreed with Washington on that.

President Obama says he expects violence in Iraq to continue, but the US is still on course to withdraw all its troops by the end of 2011. He was speaking after talks at the White House with the Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki. President Obama said the two countries were in the midst of a transition based on mutual¹⁷ respect. Mr. al-Maliki spoke¹¹ of developing a strategic friendship between Iraq and the United States. The President said US support for Iraqi security services will continue.

Going forward, we will continue to provide training and support for Iraqi security forces that are capable and non-sectarian. We'll move forward with our strategy to responsibly remove all American combat brigades from Iraq by the end of next August and to fulfill¹⁸ our commitment to remove all American troops from Iraq by the end of 2011.

A British Minister quoted in a newspaper interview as saying British troops didn't have enough helicopters in Afghanistan has denied this is what he meant. The Minister Malloch Brown insisted he was talking about the number of helicopters needed worldwide to fight insurgents¹⁹. The comments came as the government has been under increasing pressure as the number of British troops killed in Afghanistan has risen to unprecedented²⁰ numbers.

Venezuela has rejected a demand from the interim²¹ government of Honduras that it withdraw its remaining diplomats²² from the Honduran capital. On Tuesday, the government accused the Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez of interfering²³ in Honduras domestic affairs, a charge Mr. Chavez rejects.

南非反抗恶劣的生活条件的暴力冲突不断扩散，在一周的冲突中，已有100多人被捕。在Mpumalanga东北部地区的约翰内斯堡，警察向示威者发射橡皮子弹。这是自四月份南非总统祖马执政以来对他最直接的挑战。祖马即位时曾承诺改善城镇生活条件。Peter Biles报道。

对服务交付方面的抗议活动实际上反映了最贫穷地区人民的不满。反常的是，尽管自从种族隔离运动以来取得了很多进步，南非的贫富差距远远大于15年前。祖马已经成名。现在，他面临越来越大的压力，必须解释非洲民族议会（ANC）怎样实现竞选承诺。

第一批猪流感疫苗开始在澳大利亚试用，美国呼吁数千名志愿者参与类似的试用活动。第一批美国志愿者全部都是成年人，将于下个月接受注射。最初的结果将帮助美国政府决定是否实行大规模的疫苗接种活动。

“我们有特效疫苗，我们相信能够保护数百万人不会感染这种新型H1N1流感病毒。但是在大规模接种之前，我们必须进行一些适当的测试。”

乌克兰安全官员称，涉嫌九年前杀害记者Georgiy Gongadze的嫌疑人已被抓获并承认了罪行。当时， Gongadze是对当时的总统Leonid Kuchma直言不讳的批评家。他被斩首后丢弃在森林中，这引起了所有乌克兰人民的愤怒。Gongadze的遗孀Myroslava对Oleksiy Pukach的被捕表示欢迎。

“乌克兰安全服务部门能够根据以往的法庭听证和证词提供的证据找到并逮捕General Pukach，这是非常重要的。很明显，正式General Pukach故意杀害了Georgiy，然后用自己的皮带将他勒死。 ”

美国调查人员搜捕了迈克尔·杰克逊私人医生的诊所。上月杰克逊去世时，其私人医生Conrad Murray就在旁边。得克萨斯警察从休斯敦Murray的诊所中搜出了一些袋子。Murray医生的律师称，官员在寻找过失杀人的证据。Murray医生曾被警方审问，并排除杀人嫌疑。

美国国务卿希拉里向朝鲜和伊朗的核武器问题提出强硬警告。她告诉朝鲜，它唯一的选择是完成不可逆转的弃核活动。中国，俄罗斯，日本和韩国同意华盛顿的观点。

美国总统奥巴马称，他预期伊拉克的暴力活动仍会继续，但是美国仍然会按照协议2011年底之前从伊拉克撤出所有军队。奥巴马在白宫与伊拉克总理马利基进行会谈之后发表江湖。奥巴马总统说，两国正在互相尊重的基础上实现转变。马利基说到在伊拉克和美国之间发展战略性友谊的问题。奥巴马说，美国对伊拉克安全服务的支持将会继续。

今后，我们将继续为有能力的并且不属于任何宗派的伊拉克部队提供训练和支持。我们将继续采取行动，在明年八月底之前移除所有美军作战部队，弯沉我们的承诺，2011年底之前从伊拉克撤出所有美国军队。

一家报纸采访引用英国一位大臣的话说，美国驻阿富汗军队没有足够的直升机。现在这位大臣否认这是他要表达的意思。Malloch Brown坚持说他指的是全世界抗击叛乱分子所需的直升飞机数量。由于英国驻阿富汗军队死亡人数上升至前所未有的高度，政府面临越来越大的压力。

洪都拉斯临时政府要求委内瑞拉从洪都拉斯首都撤出剩余外交官，委内瑞拉拒绝了该要求。周二，临时政府控诉委内瑞拉总统查韦斯干涉洪都拉斯国内事务。而查韦斯则予以否认。

1 cape   

n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风

参考例句：

• I long for a trip to the Cape of Good Hope.我渴望到好望角去旅行。
• She was wearing a cape over her dress.她在外套上披着一件披肩。

2 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

3 reminder   

n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示

参考例句：

• I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。
• It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交的房租。

4 impatience   

n.不耐烦，急躁

参考例句：

• He expressed impatience at the slow rate of progress.进展缓慢，他显得不耐烦。
• He gave a stamp of impatience.他不耐烦地跺脚。

5 demise   

n.死亡；v.让渡，遗赠，转让

参考例句：

• He praised the union's aims but predicted its early demise.他赞扬协会的目标，但预期这一协会很快会消亡。
• The war brought about the industry's sudden demise.战争道致这个行业就这么突然垮了。

6 plethora   

n.过量，过剩

参考例句：

• Java comes with a plethora of ready-made types.Java配套提供了数量众多的现成类型。
• A plethora of new operators will be allowed to enter the market.大批新的运营商将获准进入该市场。

7 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

8 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

9 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

10 outspoken   

adj.直言无讳的，坦率的，坦白无隐的

参考例句：

• He was outspoken in his criticism.他在批评中直言不讳。
• She is an outspoken critic of the school system in this city.她是这座城市里学校制度的坦率的批评者。

11 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

12 outrage   

n.暴行，侮辱，愤怒；vt.凌辱，激怒

参考例句：

• When he heard the news he reacted with a sense of outrage.他得悉此事时义愤填膺。
• We should never forget the outrage committed by the Japanese invaders.我们永远都不应该忘记日本侵略者犯下的暴行。

13 testimonies   

（法庭上证人的）证词( testimony的名词复数 )； 证明，证据

参考例句：

• Davie poured forth his eloquence upon the controversies and testimonies of the day. 戴维向他滔滔不绝地谈那些当时有争论的问题和上帝的箴言。
• Remove from me reproach and contempt; for I have kept thy testimonies. 22求你除掉我所受的羞辱和藐视，因我遵守你的法度。

14 intentionally   

ad.故意地，有意地

参考例句：

• I didn't say it intentionally. 我是无心说的。
• The local authority ruled that he had made himself intentionally homeless and was therefore not entitled to be rehoused. 当地政府裁定他是有意居无定所，因此没有资格再获得提供住房。

15 investigators   

n.调查者，审查者( investigator的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
• The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 dismantling   

（枪支）分解

参考例句：

• The new government set about dismantling their predecessors' legislation. 新政府正着手废除其前任所制定的法律。
• The dismantling of a nuclear reprocessing plant caused a leak of radioactivity yesterday. 昨天拆除核后处理工厂引起了放射物泄漏。

17 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

18 fulfill   

vt.履行，实现，完成；满足，使满意

参考例句：

• If you make a promise you should fulfill it.如果你许诺了，你就要履行你的诺言。
• This company should be able to fulfill our requirements.这家公司应该能够满足我们的要求。

19 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

20 unprecedented   

adj.无前例的，新奇的

参考例句：

• The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
• A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。

21 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

22 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

23 interfering   

adj. 妨碍的 动词interfere的现在分词

参考例句：

• He's an interfering old busybody! 他老爱管闲事！
• I wish my mother would stop interfering and let me make my own decisions. 我希望我母亲不再干预，让我自己拿主意。