英闻天下——396 European Health Improvements Unequal

 　　In its latest report issued every three years, the WHO Regional Office for Europe has found the average life expectancy¹ at birth among the 900-million people in Europe is 76-years.

 

　　This is 5 years longer than in 1980.

 

　　More people are also living past the age of 65, and maternal² mortality dropped by 50 percent between 1990 and 2010.

 

　　However, big inequalities also exist in the average life expectancy among different countries.

 

　　Dr. Rita Sadana is the chief editor of the report.

 

　　"These improvements and the conditions that fostered them have not been equally shared across and within the 53 countries. There are substantial differences that persist, and in many instances are increasing. We believe inequalities really have become a hallmark of European health statistics."

 

　　The gap between the best and worst countries for the life expectancy of men is 17 years. For women, it is 12.

 

　　Countries with the widest man-woman life expectancy disparity are mainly in Eastern Europe.

 

　　When it comes to the causes of death, heart disease and stroke account for nearly half of all deaths, with higher rates among men than women.

 

　　But Doctor Rita Sadana notes cancer is becoming a main killer³.

 

　　"Cancer has replaced cardiovascular diseases as the leading cause of premature⁴ deaths, that's deaths before the age of 65, in 28 of the 53 countries."

 

　　And Dr. Claudia Stein, the Director of WHO Europe's information, evidence, research and innovation division adds the scenarios⁵ differ from country to country.

 

　　"We've seen in the western part of the region and Central Europe, cardiovascular diseases mortality has fallen while cancer mortality rates have remained fairly stable. In the east part of the region, they have not been so fortunate. Their cardiovascular disease rates have actually risen, while cancer rates have remained stable. We can say that we haven't made progress in cancer. That's for sure. While in the western parts, they've made progress in other diseases."

 

　　The leading health risk factors for Europeans today include tobacco and alcohol abuse.

 

　　27 percent of Europeans over the age of 15 smoke.

 

　　This is higher than in any other part of the world.

 

　　Europeans also consume an average of 10.6 liters of alcohol a year, more than in any other region in the world.

 

　　For CRI, this is Tu Yun in London.

1 expectancy   

n.期望，预期，（根据概率统计求得）预期数额

参考例句：

• Japanese people have a very high life expectancy.日本人的平均寿命非常长。
• The atomosphere of tense expectancy sobered everyone.这种期望的紧张气氛使每个人变得严肃起来。

2 maternal   

adj.母亲的，母亲般的，母系的，母方的

参考例句：

• He is my maternal uncle.他是我舅舅。
• The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts.那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。

3 killer   

n.杀人者，杀人犯，杀手，屠杀者

参考例句：

• Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
• The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。

4 premature   

adj.比预期时间早的；不成熟的，仓促的

参考例句：

• It is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue.预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。
• The premature baby is doing well.那个早产的婴儿很健康。

5 scenarios   

n.[意]情节；剧本；事态；脚本

参考例句：

• Further, graphite cores may be safer than non-graphite cores under some accident scenarios. 再者，根据一些事故解说，石墨堆芯可比非石墨堆芯更安全一些。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Again, scenarios should make it clear which modes are acceptable to users in various contexts. 同样，我们可以运用场景剧本来搞清楚在不同情境下哪些模式可被用户接受。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓