【英语听和读】相互吸引的科学

 Callum: Hello, I'm Callum Robertson and this is Entertainment.

 

Today we're talking about love. Love is one of the strongest emotions there is

and that's usually how we think of it, as an emotion. Love is the topic of many

many songs, poems, plays, films, paintings, greetings cards, t-shirts. As a

famous song says, love is all around us.

But, is there more to love than emotion? Have you ever wondered why we are

we attracted to some people and not to others? Here's psychologist Dr. Glenn

Wilson. What does he think? – Is there a science to love?

Dr. Glenn Wilson

There certainly is, there are some rules in the sense of scientific rules. One is the 'similarity

principle' that other things being equal we like people who are rather similar to ourselves.

Callum: Yes, he does think there are some scientific rules to love and attraction. What is

one of the rules he mentions? Listen again.

Dr. Glenn Wilson

There are some rules in the sense of scientific rules. One is the 'similarity principle' that other

things being equal we like people who are rather similar to ourselves. 

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Callum: Dr. Wilson talks of the 'similarity principle'. The idea that we like people who

are similar to ourselves. He goes on to explain more, what particular feature

does he say we look for similarity in?

Dr. Glenn Wilson

Generally speaking we choose the eye colour that is similar to ourselves but we would also go

for an eye colour that matches our opposite sex parent more than our same sex parent as

though we are using the opposite sex parent as a kind of a blueprint¹ for what it is that will

attract us.

Callum: So, apparently² eye colour is important too. We choose people with similar eye

colours or even people whose eyes are similar to those of our opposite sex

parent's. So, in other words, for a woman that's eyes which are similar to her

father's and for a man similar to his mother's.

That's one of the subconscious³ rules of attraction. Subconscious – it's not

something we think about when we see someone, we don't think – ah ah she's

got eyes like mine, I think I love her!

So what are some of the other subconscious rules of attraction? Here's Doctor

Glenn Wilson again with Chris Evans from BBC Radio. What is the principle

that he mentions?

Dr. Glenn Wilson

There are some principles, symmetry, for example, that is having one of everything down the

middle and two of everything down the side, is very important, and if the two sides match

each other perfectly⁴, if the mirror images would fold over on top perfectly then that person is

more likely to be attractive because it implies a healthy development. 

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Callum: In that part of the interview he mentioned the principle of symmetry – if the

left hand and right hand side of the face are symmetrical, if they are like a

mirror image then that makes that person more attractive. Buy why is that?

Listen again.

Dr. Glenn Wilson

that person is more likely to be attractive because it implies a healthy development.

Callum: Having symmetrical features implies a healthy development, a healthy

development. This is one of the sub-conscious things which makes us find

people attractive. And finding someone who looks healthy is important because

subconsciously⁵ we are looking for a partner who can produce strong and

healthy offspring. Offspring is another word for children and as with animals in

the wild our instincts are to mate, to mate, to produce off spring.

Something that is often said is that opposites attract. It's certainly true for

magnets, but what about people? In the next section from the interview with Dr.

Wilson he talks about pheromones and the immune system. Pheromones are

chemicals which humans and animals produce. These chemicals can't be smelt⁶,

but they are detected by others and can affect the way they behave. The

immune system is part of the body's natural defences. It's the system that fights

off diseases.

So Dr. Wilson, is there any truth to the belief that opposites attract?

Dr. Glenn Wilson

There's not much truth in it, beyond the idea of the gender⁷ opposite. But there's one other

interesting finding which is we seem to be able to detect by smell or pheromones a person

who has a different immune system from ourselves such as when we mate with them our

offspring will be given a broadened immune spectrum⁸. 

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Callum: So, Dr. Wilson says there is not much truth in the saying that opposites attract,

except in the basic idea of being attracted to someone from the opposite sex,

although that is not true for everybody.

However he does say that through the action of pheromones or smells we are

able to detect people who have a different immune system. This will be good

for any offspring because it means they will have the benefit of two different

immune systems and should grow up stronger and more able to fight disease.

So, there we have it. Love is a powerful emotion but there is a lot of science

behind it and a lot of the attraction we might feel for someone is based on

things happening in our subconscious. That's what I call romance. 

1 blueprint   

n.蓝图，设计图，计划；vt.制成蓝图，计划

参考例句：

• All the machine parts on a blueprint must answer each other.设计图上所有的机器部件都应互相配合。
• The documents contain a blueprint for a nuclear device.文件内附有一张核装置的设计蓝图。

2 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

3 subconscious   

n./adj.潜意识(的)，下意识(的)

参考例句：

• Nail biting is often a subconscious reaction to tension.咬指甲通常是紧张时的下意识反映。
• My answer seemed to come from the subconscious.我的回答似乎出自下意识。

4 perfectly   

adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
• Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。

5 subconsciously   

ad.下意识地，潜意识地

参考例句：

• In choosing a partner we are subconsciously assessing their evolutionary fitness to be a mother of children or father provider and protector. 在选择伴侣的时候，我们会在潜意识里衡量对方将来是否会是称职的母亲或者父亲，是否会是合格的一家之主。
• Lao Yang thought as he subconsciously tightened his grasp on the rifle. 他下意识地攥紧枪把想。 来自汉英文学 - 散文英译

6 smelt   

v.熔解，熔炼；n.银白鱼，胡瓜鱼

参考例句：

• Tin is a comparatively easy metal to smelt.锡是比较容易熔化的金属。
• Darby was looking for a way to improve iron when he hit upon the idea of smelting it with coke instead of charcoal.达比一直在寻找改善铁质的方法，他猛然想到可以不用木炭熔炼，而改用焦炭。

7 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

8 spectrum   

n.谱，光谱，频谱；范围，幅度，系列

参考例句：

• This is a kind of atomic spectrum.这是一种原子光谱。
• We have known much of the constitution of the solar spectrum.关于太阳光谱的构成，我们已了解不少。