英语听力精选进阶版 8211

The Sunni uprising in Iraq led by the Islamist extremist group ISIS is continuing with uncontested gains in the eastern province of Diyala where there is a Sunni majority. The insurgents¹ say they will move on to Baghdad. This comes as fears grow amongst Western nations of a breakup of Iraq. Jim Muir is in the north.

The Americans have told the Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki that they are ready to intensify² and increase their military support. But they are obviously reluctant to get drawn³ back into the turmoil⁴ and also to give unequivocal backing to one side in what clearly has some of the dimensions of a civil war. It's becoming clearer that what's happening on the ground is not simply an assault by foreign Jihadist. It has a strong element of uprising by several strands⁵ of Sunni society. Despite the fact that the militants⁶ of ISIS - Islamic State in Iraq and in Levant has stolen the limelight. That's why large sways of mainly Sunni territory have fallen to the rebels with little resistance. The Shiites have been enrolled⁷ preparing if necessary defend the areas where they predominate in Baghdad and the south. While the Kurds have quietly realized a long-standing ambition by moving into positions in oil-rich Kirkuk province in the north abandoned by the Iraqi army.

The mother of the a student who died in April's South Korean ferry disaster has filed a lawsuit⁸ claiming damages for his death. In the first case of its kind, the victim's mother says ferry company did not properly train staff while the state failed to regulate the ferry industry. More than 300 people were killed mostly teenagers on a school trip.

Thailand's military leader has set out ambitious plans to change the country's political, economic and social systems. General Prayuth Chan-ocha said he would appoint an interim⁹ government no later than September but has ruled out an election for at least a year. The Thai army seized power in May after months of street protests and the corruption¹⁰ scandal. Here is Jonathan Head.

At his first budget meeting, General Prayuth said his team would try to cap living cost, rethink farming subsidies¹¹, overhaul¹² the many inefficient¹³ state industries and reform the education system and the police. Exactly how a ruling council made up mainly of career military men will achieve these is not yet clear. What is clear from this meeting is that despite promises from General Prayuth of greater financial responsibility, he is willing to spend generously and incur¹⁴ a large budget deficit¹⁵ to stimulate¹⁶ a depressed¹⁷ economy.

The Jamaican government has announced plans to radically¹⁸ reform the island's drug laws. Possession of marijuana would be allowed for religious,scientific or medical purposes, otherwise it would be treated as a petty rather than a criminal offense¹⁹. The justice prime minister said the proposals were a more enlightened approach to Jamaica's drug problems. The changes are seen as a victory for the island's Rastafarians community who believe that smoking marijuana is a sacrament.

I'm Mike Cooper in London with the latest world News from the BBC.

The United States has accused Sudan of stepping up its attacks on civilians²⁰ in South Kurdufan and Blue Nile States. The American ambassador to the United Nations condemned²² the attacks in which she said schools and hospitals had been deliberately²³ targeted. She said since April, hundreds of barrel bombs had been dropped by Sudanese aircraft on towns and villages across the region.

The international body trying to protect endangered species says that African elephants are faced to extinction²⁴ if the current rate of poaching for ivory continues. In its report, CITES says that poaching is still increasing in some areas. Imogen Foulkes reports.

20,000 elephants were illegally killed in Africa last year, the report shows. That figure far exceeds the growth rate of the elephants population, in some regions of Africa. Elephants are threatened with extinction. The report also documents a clear increase in the number of large seizures²⁵ amounts of over 500 kilograms of ivory in Africa. For the first time, there were more such seizures in Africa than in Asia, an indication, the report suggests, of the involvement of more transnational organized crime in illegal ivory trade.

In Brazil, the football World Cup moves into its second day later, with the peak of the 3 games a rematch of the 2010 final,on that occasion, Spain beat the Netherlands by a goal to nil²¹. Officials from football's governing body and the Brazilian government have expressed their satisfaction with the opening day.

A study into the behavior of Crayfish suggests they can experience anxiety. Researchers in France found that when Crayfish were stressed they hid away in dark areas of their tanks, but when given an anti-anxiety drug, they moved into more exposed areas. The study is the latest to suggest that crustaceans²⁶ may feel pain. Some experts say the seafood²⁷ industry may need to reconsider how it treats the creatures.

1 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

2 intensify   

vt.加强；变强；加剧

参考例句：

• We must intensify our educational work among our own troops.我们必须加强自己部队的教育工作。
• They were ordered to intensify their patrols to protect our air space.他们奉命加强巡逻，保卫我国的领空。

3 drawn   

v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的

参考例句：

• All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
• Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

4 turmoil   

n.骚乱，混乱，动乱

参考例句：

• His mind was in such a turmoil that he couldn't get to sleep.内心的纷扰使他无法入睡。
• The robbery put the village in a turmoil.抢劫使全村陷入混乱。

5 strands   

n.（线、绳、金属线、毛发等的）股( strand的名词复数 )；缕；海洋、湖或河的)岸；（观点、计划、故事等的）部份v.使滞留，使搁浅( strand的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Twist a length of rope from strands of hemp. 用几股麻搓成了一段绳子。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• She laced strands into a braid. 她把几股线编织成一根穗带。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

7 enrolled   

adj.入学登记了的v.[亦作enrol]( enroll的过去式和过去分词 )；登记，招收，使入伍（或入会、入学等），参加，成为成员；记入名册；卷起，包起

参考例句：

• They have been studying hard from the moment they enrolled. 从入学时起，他们就一直努力学习。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He enrolled with an employment agency for a teaching position. 他在职业介绍所登了记以谋求一个教师的职位。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 lawsuit   

n.诉讼，控诉

参考例句：

• They threatened him with a lawsuit.他们以诉讼威逼他。
• He was perpetually involving himself in this long lawsuit.他使自己无休止地卷入这场长时间的诉讼。

9 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

10 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

11 subsidies   

n.补贴，津贴，补助金( subsidy的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• European agriculture ministers failed to break the deadlock over farm subsidies. 欧洲各国农业部长在农业补贴问题上未能打破僵局。
• Agricultural subsidies absorb about half the EU's income. 农业补贴占去了欧盟收入的大约一半。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 overhaul   

v./n.大修，仔细检查

参考例句：

• Master Worker Wang is responsible for the overhaul of this grinder.王师傅主修这台磨床。
• It is generally appreciated that the rail network needs a complete overhaul.众所周知，铁路系统需要大检修。

13 inefficient   

adj.效率低的，无效的

参考例句：

• The inefficient operation cost the firm a lot of money.低效率的运作使该公司损失了许多钱。
• Their communication systems are inefficient in the extreme.他们的通讯系统效率非常差。

14 incur   

vt.招致，蒙受，遭遇

参考例句：

• Any costs that you incur will be reimbursed in full.你的所有花费都将全额付还。
• An enterprise has to incur certain costs and expenses in order to stay in business.一个企业为了维持营业,就不得不承担一定的费用和开支。

15 deficit   

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

• The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
• We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

16 stimulate   

vt.刺激，使兴奋；激励，使…振奋

参考例句：

• Your encouragement will stimulate me to further efforts.你的鼓励会激发我进一步努力。
• Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts.成功能鼓舞人们去作新的努力。

17 depressed   

adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的

参考例句：

• When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
• His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。

18 radically   

ad.根本地，本质地

参考例句：

• I think we may have to rethink our policies fairly radically. 我认为我们可能要对我们的政策进行根本的反思。
• The health service must be radically reformed. 公共医疗卫生服务必须进行彻底改革。

19 offense   

n.犯规，违法行为；冒犯，得罪

参考例句：

• I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪。
• His words gave great offense to everybody present.他的发言冲犯了在场的所有人。

20 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

21 nil   

n.无，全无，零

参考例句：

• My knowledge of the subject is practically nil.我在这方面的知识几乎等于零。
• Their legal rights are virtually nil.他们实际上毫无法律权利。

22 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

23 deliberately   

adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地

参考例句：

• The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
• They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。

24 extinction   

n.熄灭，消亡，消灭，灭绝，绝种

参考例句：

• The plant is now in danger of extinction.这种植物现在有绝种的危险。
• The island's way of life is doomed to extinction.这个岛上的生活方式注定要消失。

25 seizures   

n.起获( seizure的名词复数 )；没收；充公；起获的赃物

参考例句：

• Seizures of illicit drugs have increased by 30% this year. 今年违禁药品的扣押增长了30%。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Other causes of unconsciousness predisposing to aspiration lung abscess are convulsive seizures. 造成吸入性肺脓肿昏迷的其他原因，有惊厥发作。 来自辞典例句

26 crustaceans   

n.甲壳纲动物（如蟹、龙虾）( crustacean的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• These crustaceans provide a valuable food source for some fish. 这些甲壳纲动物是某些鱼类重要的食物来源。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• When the tide ebbs it's a rock pool inhabited by crustaceans. 退潮时，它便成为甲壳动物居住的岩石区潮水潭。 来自辞典例句

27 seafood   

n.海产食品，海味，海鲜

参考例句：

• There's an excellent seafood restaurant near here.离这儿不远有家非常不错的海鲜馆。
• Shrimps are a popular type of seafood.小虾是比较普遍的一种海味。