英语相似词辨析 shrunk, shrunken

shrunk, shrunken

这一对词原来都是动词shrink的过去分词，现在只用shrunk作过去分词，而shrunken则用作形容词，它们都表示“收缩的”、“皱缩的”之意。shrunken是定语形容词，用在名词之前。例：

My hat has shrunk so much that it no longer fits me.

这顶帽收缩得很厉害，我戴不了啦。

My gums have shrunk.

我的牙龈已经收缩。

The doctor is examining the shrunken body of a starving child.

医生正检查小孩饿瘦了的身躯。

Facing high inflation and heavy taxation¹, the worker can hardly live on their shrunken wages.

面对高通涨及重税，工人难以以收缩了的工资为生。

与之类似区别的词有sunk和sunken。这两个字都是sink的过去分词，表示“沉下”、“下陷”之意，但前者用作动词，而后者则用作定语形容词，放在它所修饰的名词之前。如：

The ship has sunk quickly in the waves.

The ship was sunk by a torpedo².

a sunken basement下陷的地下室

a sunken ship沉没之船

sunken eyes (cheeks)凹陷的眼睛（脸颊）

1 taxation   

n.征税，税收，税金

参考例句：

• He made a number of simplifications in the taxation system.他在税制上作了一些简化。
• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。

2 torpedo   

n.水雷，地雷；v.用鱼雷破坏

参考例句：

• His ship was blown up by a torpedo.他的船被一枚鱼雷炸毁了。
• Torpedo boats played an important role during World War Two.鱼雷艇在第二次世界大战中发挥了重要作用。