【英语语言学习】争议

RACHEL MARTIN, HOST:

Three hundred years ago, the rock of Gibraltar, rising dramatically out of the Spanish coastline, became a British territory. This has never sat well with Spain. And now recent disputes over the territorial¹ waters around Gibraltar has sparked a naval² standoff and a diplomatic row between the two countries.

Lauren Frayer traveled to Gibraltar to bring us the story.

LAUREN FRAYER, BYLINE³: I'm at Spain's southern tip where the rock of Gibraltar casts a huge shadow over these city streets. There's what looks like a mile-long line of cars here waiting to cross the international border. I'm going on foot into British territory.

BRIAN REYES: Hi.

FRAYER: Hi, I'm Lauren.

REYES: I'm Brian. Nice to meet you.

FRAYER: Nice to meet you. I'm so sorry I'm late.

Once past customs, I ask Brian Reyes, news editor at the Gibraltar Chronicle, what's up with those long lines?

REYES: I mean, we've had peaks of queues six, seven hours. Yesterday, to get out, it took two and a half hours.

FRAYER: Why? Just at the...

REYES: Because they're checking every car, basically. And they're doing it very slowly.

FRAYER: Spain says it's checking for tobacco smuggling⁴, but increased border checks are Spain's way of retaliating⁵ in a dispute over nearby waters, Reyes says.

REYES: Fishing with nets is illegal in Gibraltar waters. The Gibraltar government enforced that law, to the anger of the Spanish fishermen. Britain claims three miles of water around the rock. Spain says Gibraltar has no waters. That's the key to this issue. It's not about fishing. It's about jurisdiction⁶.

FRAYER: London and Madrid recently summoned one another's ambassadors when a Spanish research boat motored into those waters. Rival navies face off almost weekly, though no shots have been fired for more than 300 years. Still, the hostility⁷ reinforces Gibraltarians' British identity.

DANIELLE PRATT: We have your typical Sunday roast with your Yorkshire puddings, your cauliflower cheese, your vegetables. And we also do the typical fish and chips here as well, with mushy peas. That's a (unintelligible) pub's favorite here.

FRAYER: Pub waitress Danielle Pratt serves up quintessentially British fare, but only a fraction of Gibraltar's 30,000 residents, all British citizens, actually have ancestors from the British Isles⁸. Most are descendants of Spanish, Portuguese⁹ or Italian traders, like Patrick Sacarello, who runs a coffee house his family started here in the 19th century.

PATRICK SACARELLO: The first Sacarello had a sort of little sort of sailing boat where carried goods around the Mediterranean¹⁰. There is a comparison with the merchants - sort of city of Venice. And this Italian influence can be seen also in the stratas, the arches, the doorways¹¹, combined with English colonial architecture.

FRAYER: To Madrid, this peninsula, physically¹² attached to Spain, is a colony left over from the British Empire. But Gibraltarians have voted twice, overwhelmingly to stay British. The most recent referendum was 98 percent in favor, says Tito Vallejo, a retired¹³ Gibraltarian soldier.

TITO VALLEJO: Of all the people who voted, only 44 people voted to go with Spain. And they say that those were mistakes. (Laughing) They voted in the wrong box by mistake. That's what they say.

FRAYER: There's just something about this 200 million-year-old chunk¹⁴ of limestone¹⁵, says newspaperman Brian Reyes.

REYES: The identity of this people is intimately linked to this rock.

FRAYER: But it's just a rock. I mean, like...

REYES: (Laughing) But, you know, it's a place. It's a home. It's a pretty iconic rock, not just a rock.

FRAYER: I joined a tour group to the top.

MARK VARJAQUE: OK, guys, now we're going to the highest point, 1,400 feet, 426 meters. You'll be able to take pictures of the views and the monkeys, but do not touch the monkeys 'cause they bite. Yeah.

FRAYER: No Gibraltar's story is complete without a mention of Europe's only wild monkey population brought here by either British shoulders or Arab traders centuries ago.

(SOUNDBITE OF MONKEYS EATING CARROTS)

FRAYER: Hundreds of them chomp¹⁶ on carrots, scamper¹⁷ over the rock and then nap in the sun. Tour guide Mark Varjaque has a theory.

VARJAQUE: The legend is that whenever the last monkey disappears from Gibraltar, we'll give this back to Spain. But I don't think that's going to happen.

FRAYER: Because, he says, the monkeys have been reproducing like crazy.

For NPR News, I'm Lauren Frayer in Gibraltar.

1 territorial   

adj.领土的，领地的

参考例句：

• The country is fighting to preserve its territorial integrity.该国在为保持领土的完整而进行斗争。
• They were not allowed to fish in our territorial waters.不允许他们在我国领海捕鱼。

2 naval   

adj.海军的，军舰的，船的

参考例句：

• He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
• The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。

3 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

4 smuggling   

n.走私

参考例句：

• Some claimed that the docker's union fronted for the smuggling ring.某些人声称码头工人工会是走私集团的掩护所。
• The evidence pointed to the existence of an international smuggling network.证据表明很可能有一个国际走私网络存在。

5 retaliating   

v.报复，反击( retaliate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The administration will begin retaliating in six weeks if EC policies remain unchanged. 凯特先生说，如果欧共体一意孤行，美国政府将于六周后开始报复。 来自互联网

6 jurisdiction   

n.司法权，审判权，管辖权，控制权

参考例句：

• It doesn't lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我无权将你释放。
• Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隶属江苏省。

7 hostility   

n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争

参考例句：

• There is open hostility between the two leaders.两位领导人表现出公开的敌意。
• His hostility to your plan is well known.他对你的计划所持的敌意是众所周知的。

8 isles   

岛( isle的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• the geology of the British Isles 不列颠群岛的地质
• The boat left for the isles. 小船驶向那些小岛。

9 Portuguese   

n.葡萄牙人；葡萄牙语

参考例句：

• They styled their house in the Portuguese manner.他们仿照葡萄牙的风格设计自己的房子。
• Her family is Portuguese in origin.她的家族是葡萄牙血统。

10 Mediterranean   

adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的

参考例句：

• The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
• Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。

11 doorways   

n.门口，门道( doorway的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The houses belched people; the doorways spewed out children. 从各家茅屋里涌出一堆一堆的人群，从门口蹦出一群一群小孩。 来自辞典例句
• He rambled under the walls and doorways. 他就顺着墙根和门楼遛跶。 来自辞典例句

12 physically   

adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律

参考例句：

• He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服，心绪也很乱。
• Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。

13 retired   

adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的

参考例句：

• The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
• Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。

14 chunk   

n.厚片，大块，相当大的部分（数量）

参考例句：

• They had to be careful of floating chunks of ice.他们必须当心大块浮冰。
• The company owns a chunk of farmland near Gatwick Airport.该公司拥有盖特威克机场周边的大片农田。

15 limestone   

n.石灰石

参考例句：

• Limestone is often used in building construction.石灰岩常用于建筑。
• Cement is made from limestone.水泥是由石灰石制成的。

16 chomp   

v. （人、动物进食时）大声地咬，嚼得很响

参考例句：

• I lost a tooth while chomping on a French baguette!我啃法棍面包时，崩掉了一颗牙！
• They just chomp on tundra, nap a few hours and feast again.它们只是在苔原上大嚼特嚼，睡上几小时，接着再吃。

17 scamper   

v.奔跑，快跑

参考例句：

• She loves to scamper through the woods of the forest.她喜欢在森林里的树林中穿梭嬉戏。
• The flash sent the foxes scampering away.闪光惊得狐狸四处逃窜。