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[00:00.00]Lesson Five Text
[00:04.88]Are You Giving Your Kids Too Much?
[00:09.53]Benjamin Spock
[00:13.19]While traveling for various speaking engagements,
[00:18.83]I frequently stay overnight in the home of a family
[00:23.67]and am assigned to one of the children's bedrooms.
[00:29.10]In it,I often find so many playthings
[00:33.54]that there's almost no room for my small toilet kit1.
[00:39.00]And the closet is usually so tightly packed with clothes
[00:46.26]that I can barely squeeze in my jacket.
[00:50.52]I'm not complaining, only making a point.
[00:55.88]I think that the tendency to give children an overabundance of toys and clothes
[01:04.63]is quite common in American families,
[01:09.20]and I think that in far too many families
[01:14.84]not only do children come to take their parents' generosity2 for granted,
[01:20.72]but also the effects of this can actually be somewhat harmful to children.
[01:27.88]Of course,I'm not only thinking of the material possessions children are given.
[01:36.03]Children can also be overindulged with too many privileges
[01:41.90]— for example,when parents send a child to an expensive summer camp
[01:48.85]that the parents can't really afford.
[01:52.82]Why parents give their children too much,
[01:57.86]or give things they can't afford?
[02:01.42]I believe there are several reasons.
[02:05.78]One fairly common reason
[02:10.04]is that parents overindulge their children out of a sense of guilt3.
[02:16.10]Parents who both hold down full-time4 jobs
[02:20.67]may feel guilty about the amount of time they spend away from their children
[02:27.02]and may attempt to compensate5 by showering them with material possessions.
[02:34.28]Other parents overindulge because they want their children to have everything they had while growing up,
[02:43.24]along with those things the parents yearned6 for but didn't get.
[02:48.70]Still others are afraid to say no to their children's endless requests for toys
[02:56.14]for fear that their children will feel unloved or will be ridiculed7
[03:03.69]if they don't have the same playthings their friends have.
[03:08.55]Overindulgence of a child also happens
[03:13.83]when parentsare unable to stand up to their children's unreasonable8 demands.
[03:20.28]Such parents vacillate between saying no and giving in
[03:27.33]—but neither response seems satisfactory to them.
[03:32.79]If they refuse a request,
[03:36.63]they immediately feel a wave of remorse9
[03:40.68]for having been so strict or ungenerous.
[03:45.44]If they give in, they feel regret and resentment10 over having been a pushover.
[03:53.69]This kind of vacillation11 not only impairs12 the parents' ability to set limits,
[04:02.44]it also sours the parent-child relationship to some degree,
[04:08.50]robbing parents and their children of some of the happiness and mutual13 respect
[04:16.68]that should be present in healthy families.
[04:21.43]But overindulging children with material things
[04:27.49]does little to lessen14 parental15 guilt
[04:31.62](since parents never feel that they've given enough),
[04:36.17]nor does it make children feel more loved
[04:40.24](for what children really crave16 is parents' time and attention).
[04:46.41]Instead,the effects of overindulgence can be harmful.
[04:52.47]Children may, to some degree, become greedy,self-centered,
[04:58.63]ungratefuland insensitive to the needs and feelings of others,
[05:03.49]beginning with their parents.
[05:06.73]When children are given too much,
[05:11.12]it undermines their respect for their parents.
[05:15.48]In fact,
[05:18.12]the children begin to sense that a parent's unlimited17 generosity is not right
[05:24.49]The paradoxical result may be that these children will push furher,
[05:31.62]unconsciously hoping that,
[05:35.26]if they push too hard,they will force their parents into setting limits.
[05:41.60]Also,overindulged children
[05:47.25]are not as challenged as children with fewer playthings
[05:53.20]to be more creative in their play.
[05:57.46]They have fewer opportunities to learn the value of money,
[06:02.92]and have less experience in learning to deal with a delay in gratification,
[06:10.29]if every requested object is given on demand.
[06:15.46]The real purpose of this discussion is not to tell parents how much
[06:21.94]or how little to give to their children.
[06:26.80]Rather,my intent is to help those parents who have already sensed
[06:33.85]that they might be overindulging their children but don't know how to stop.
[06:39.62]Parents who are fortunate enough not to have a problem with feelings of guilt
[06:45.37]don't need to respond crossly to their children
[06:50.33]when denying a specific request
[06:54.38]which is thought to be unreasonable.
[06:58.04]They can explain, cheerfully,that it's too expensive
[07:04.41]—except perhaps as a birthday or holiday gift
[07:09.17]—or that the child will have to contribute to its purchase from an allowance
[07:16.53]or from the earnings18 of an outside job.
[07:21.29]It's the cheerfulness and lack of hesitation19
[07:26.93]that impress upon the child that parents mean what they say.
[07:32.39]A cross response signals that the parents are in inner conflict.
[07:38.87]In fact,I'll make a rash statement that I believe is true,by and large:
[07:45.63]Children will abide20 by what their siricerely believe is right.
[07:52.29]They only begin arguing and pes-iring when they detect uncertainty21 or guilt,
[07:59.66]and sense that their parents can be pushed to give them what they want,
[08:05.41]if they just keep at fit.
[08:08.57]But the truth is that a child really wants parents to be in control
[08:14.73]—even if it means saying no to a request
[08:19.70]and to act with conviction in a kind and loving fashion.
[08:26.85]But, you may answer,
[08:30.09]I often am uncertain about whether to give in to many of my children's requests.
[08:36.86]That doesn't mean you can't change.
[08:41.30]First you should try to determine what makes you submissive or guilty.
[08:49.06]Then, even if you haven't uncovered the reason,
[08:54.52]you should begin to make firm decisions and practice
[09:00.16]responding to your children's requests in a prompt,definite manner.
[09:06.40]Once you turn over a new leaf,
[09:11.39]you can't expect to change completely right away.
[09:16.12]You are bound to vacillate at times.
[09:20.69]The key is to be satisfied with gradual improvement,
[09:26.75]expecting and accepting the occasional slips that come with any change.
[09:34.80]And even after you are handling these decisions in a firmer
[09:40.26]and more confident manner,
[09:44.02]you can't expect your children to respond immediately
[09:48.98]For a while they'll keep on applying the old pressures that used to work so well.
[09:56.72]But they'll eventually come to respect your decisions
[10:02.15]once they learn that nagging22 and arguing no longer work.
[10:08.39]In the end, both you and your children will be happier for it.
收听单词发音 |
1
kit
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| n.用具包，成套工具；随身携带物 | |
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generosity
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| n.大度，慷慨，慷慨的行为 | |
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guilt
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| n.犯罪；内疚；过失，罪责 | |
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full-time
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| adj.满工作日的或工作周的，全时间的 | |
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compensate
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| vt.补偿，赔偿；酬报 vi.弥补；补偿；抵消 | |
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yearned
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| 渴望，切盼，向往( yearn的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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ridiculed
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| v.嘲笑，嘲弄，奚落( ridicule的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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unreasonable
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| adj.不讲道理的，不合情理的，过度的 | |
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remorse
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| n.痛恨，悔恨，自责 | |
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resentment
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| n.怨愤，忿恨 | |
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vacillation
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| n.动摇；忧柔寡断 | |
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impairs
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| v.损害，削弱( impair的第三人称单数 ) | |
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mutual
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| adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的 | |
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lessen
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| vt.减少，减轻；缩小 | |
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parental
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| adj.父母的；父的；母的 | |
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crave
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| vt.渴望得到，迫切需要，恳求，请求 | |
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unlimited
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| adj.无限的，不受控制的，无条件的 | |
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earnings
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| n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得 | |
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hesitation
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| n.犹豫，踌躇 | |
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abide
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| vi.遵守；坚持；vt.忍受 | |
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uncertainty
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| n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物 | |
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nagging
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| adj.唠叨的，挑剔的；使人不得安宁的v.不断地挑剔或批评（某人）( nag的现在分词 )；不断地烦扰或伤害（某人）；无休止地抱怨；不断指责 | |
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