-
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Well, hearing that Odyssey1 had found subsurface water on Mars was enormously exciting for somebody who is involved in planning to send humans to Mars. Water has a number of important uses for us. At the most basic, it provides drinking water once it's been purified, and it provides water for hygiene2 purposes as well. More important than that, we can electrolyze it, we can actually split it into hydrogen and oxygen, oxygen obviously we can use for breathing and we can also use it as a fuel stock with the hydrogen for our vehicle to come back home. And we can also use the hydrogen itself in fuel cells to power our rover vehicles. So the ability to use water that exists on Mars is tremendously important to human missions on Mars.
But any colonizing3 of Mars would require extreme action. Some believe it would need what scientists call'terraforming', transforming the entire planet into an artificial Earth. This involves growing plants to create more oxygen, and an atmosphere.
It requires raising the temperature of the planet, raising the atmospheric4 density5 through melting the icecaps and freeing up the carbon dioxide. But the key thing about the water ice on Mars is once we've done that, then we can let that water exist free form on surface of the planet, it again will create rivers, lakes, oceans which we can use and the plants can use to survive.
But plants grown on Mars may be very different from those on Earth. The lower gravity on Mars, one third of that on Earth means that both plants and animals might grow taller and thinner.
I think we're all familiar with seeing the giant redwood trees of California. They are somewhat unusual here on Earth. They only occur in a few localized places. On Mars, it would be the norm. You would see these tremendously tall, slim trees, possibly with very high canopies6 on them as well. Animal life could be affected7 the same way as well. We could see new breeds of animal that we haven't seen before, very tall, thin sheep living on Mars. But again early days, very much speculative8.
This lower gravity would also have implications for any people born there.
If humans live on Mars for many generations, they might develop into different forms than humans on Earth. They might be taller, they might be thinner, they might have weaker muscles and weaker bones. It might even be possible that they would not be able to function very effectively on the gravity of Earth. In that case, Mars' society and Earth's society might split and become effectively two different species.
subsurface water(also underground water): water that is found in cavities beneath the surface of the land
electrolyze(also electrolyse): separate a substance using electric currents, chemically separate a substance
terraforming: is the theoretical process of modifying a planet, moon, or other body to a more habitable atmosphere, temperature, or ecology. It is a type of planetary engineering. The term is sometimes used broadly as a synonym9 for planetary engineering in general. The concepts of terraforming are rooted both in science fiction and actual science
localized(also localised): confined to a particular place; concentrated in particular location
canopy10: The uppermost layer in a forest, formed by the crowns of the trees. Also called crown canopy
1 odyssey | |
n.长途冒险旅行;一连串的冒险 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
2 hygiene | |
n.健康法,卫生学 (a.hygienic) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
3 colonizing | |
v.开拓殖民地,移民于殖民地( colonize的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
4 atmospheric | |
adj.大气的,空气的;大气层的;大气所引起的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
5 density | |
n.密集,密度,浓度 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
6 canopies | |
(宝座或床等上面的)华盖( canopy的名词复数 ); (飞行器上的)座舱罩; 任何悬于上空的覆盖物; 森林中天棚似的树荫 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
7 affected | |
adj.不自然的,假装的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
8 speculative | |
adj.思索性的,暝想性的,推理的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
9 synonym | |
n.同义词,换喻词 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
10 canopy | |
n.天篷,遮篷 | |
参考例句: |
|
|