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英语听力:自然百科 麦哲伦企鹅

时间:2014-04-23 06:42来源:互联网 提供网友:gmeng   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

 If you are a Magellanic penguin1, this ten-mile stretch of Argentine beach is where the action is--a place to scout2 about a new partner(物色新伴侣), conduct a courtship and settle down to raise the youngsters. National Geographic3 Grantee Dee Bergsma has been following this avian(adj. 鸟类的) soap opera for 25 years.

 
"This is a pair that’s back(刚刚觅食回来). Here's a male and you can see still wet. So he just came back from the sea. And the female is, uh, dry, but you can see they get this fat chick(小企鹅) both of them were feeding it. This chick is now so fat that even though the male has just come home it’s wet. It's uh, not even begging for food. "
 
On the surface, it would seem this penguin colony is thriving. But Dee is worried. She's seen the population dropped by 22% in the past 20 years. A research data suggested that adults must swim further and further out to sea to find food for their chicks. The culprit(罪魁祸首) could be oil spills, overfishing by humans or even global warming. To find out what's threatening the colony, the movements of these busy Magellanic penguins4 must be monitored.
 
But all penguin researchers share a common problem. It's hard for humans to tell penguins apart. It may be hard for even penguins to tell themselves apart. They identify each other by calls. However, state-of-the-art technology can help researchers out.
 
"One of the real problems is how do you tell individuals apart. And so what we’ve been doing for the last 25 years is the traditional method of marking penguins. We kind of put a band on a penguin so this is what a band looks like. And we actually put it on the left flipper(鳍状肢), so it's little like wearing a bracelet5 or something like that. And so we can tell the individuals apart.
 
What we are trying to do now is sort of having to read the band, let the penguin identify themselves. And we are doing this by putting a little tiny tag in their foot. And then that’s like a bar code that you put in your dog or cats. And they walk across a magnetic grid6 and they tell us who they are."
 
The researchers set out mat with sensors7 that are able to read the microchips implanted in the penguins' feet. Covered with sand and rocks, the mats are a minor8 roadblock on a popular pathway to the beach.
 
"They are not so sure about the pads when they walk over them. Some of them just walk over the pads and pay no attention. Others are so curious that they spend time with their beak(嘴), feeling up and down the pad, trying to tear the pad apart."
 
Every time a microchipped penguin crosses the mat, the computer records its movements. It's sort of like the easy path lane on the busy highway with traffic monitored electronically. Except for routine maintenance, the researchers don't even have to be around. The penguins are literally9 counting themselves.
 
"The most important part about that is not only can we get a night's sleep, but we don't bother the penguins at all. And we can get information we've never had before. We can know how long they are going to seek the forage(食物), how long are they staying home with their chicks. And then we can start to look at what's the effect of opening a fishery or closing a fishery on these birds."
 
"Oh,So this is Dan. That's an incubation trip going straight out. You see he is really foraging(v.觅食)".
 
Back in the office in the University of Washington, Dee analyses the tracking data.
 
(…is he wandered out…So what he wanna do is...)
 
She and her team are also developing new technology that will weigh penguins by embedding10 a scale under the mat that monitors their movements. This way, Dee will be able to determine how much food the penguins are consuming without touching11 them.
 
"Not surprisingly, just like you don't like to be picked up by a monster and weighed. Penguins don't like it either. So this way, we should be able to get their weight and not bother the birds at all".
 
These long-term research, supported by the Wildlife Conservation Society, is helping12 protect the Punta Tumbo colony. Oil companies have moved their shipping13 lanes and the government has stepped in to protect the coastal14 habitat they share with other species. But Dee argues the real solution is to keep entire ocean eco-systems healthy, because penguins, like so many other marine15 animals, migrate over vast distances.
 
(Punta Tumbo: a peninsula into the Atlantic Ocean 110 km (68 mi) south of Trelew in the Chubut Province of Argentina, where there is an important colony of penguin.)
 
"There are global marine signals. They are telling us not only what happens with oil pollution in places. They tell us about climate change. They tell us about how we are using the ocean. What's happening to our fisheries…We can get a lot of insights from other species. And so long-term studies, I think, are actually critical to be able to inform humans so we can make better use of the resources of the earth. "
 
The penguins for the most part don't seem aware computers are recording16 their every move, and that someone is watching over them, in the hopes of making sure their ruckus colony stays safe for generations to come. "
 
Sponsored by National Geographic Mission Programs, taking science and exploration into the new millennium17.

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 penguin W3jzf     
n.企鹅
参考例句:
  • The penguin is a flightless bird.企鹅是一种不会飞的鸟。
  • He walked with an awkward gait like a penguin.他走路的步子难看得就像企鹅。
2 scout oDGzi     
n.童子军,侦察员;v.侦察,搜索
参考例句:
  • He was mistaken for an enemy scout and badly wounded.他被误认为是敌人的侦察兵,受了重伤。
  • The scout made a stealthy approach to the enemy position.侦察兵偷偷地靠近敌军阵地。
3 geographic tgsxb     
adj.地理学的,地理的
参考例句:
  • The city's success owes much to its geographic position. 这座城市的成功很大程度上归功于它的地理位置。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Environmental problems pay no heed to these geographic lines. 环境问题并不理会这些地理界限。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
4 penguins fc5bf5a50fd6b440a35d113f324c5e75     
n.企鹅( penguin的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Why can penguins live in cold environment? 为什么企鹅能生活在寒冷的环境中? 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Whales, seals, penguins, and turtles have flippers. 鲸、海豹,企鹅和海龟均有鳍形肢。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
5 bracelet nWdzD     
n.手镯,臂镯
参考例句:
  • The jeweler charges lots of money to set diamonds in a bracelet.珠宝匠要很多钱才肯把钻石镶在手镯上。
  • She left her gold bracelet as a pledge.她留下她的金手镯作抵押品。
6 grid 5rPzpK     
n.高压输电线路网;地图坐标方格;格栅
参考例句:
  • In this application,the carrier is used to encapsulate the grid.在这种情况下,要用载体把格栅密封起来。
  • Modern gauges consist of metal foil in the form of a grid.现代应变仪则由网格形式的金属片组成。
7 sensors 029aee483db9ae244d7a5cb353e74602     
n.传感器,灵敏元件( sensor的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • There were more than 2000 sensors here. 这里装有两千多个灵敏元件。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Significant changes have been noted where sensors were exposed to trichloride. 当传感器暴露在三氯化物中时,有很大变化。 来自辞典例句
8 minor e7fzR     
adj.较小(少)的,较次要的;n.辅修学科;vi.辅修
参考例句:
  • The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
  • I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。
9 literally 28Wzv     
adv.照字面意义,逐字地;确实
参考例句:
  • He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
  • Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候,她不走到真正要昏厥了,决不肯坐下来。
10 embedding 91dcd46b7c7d960c321ddb6c8b0ce5d1     
把…嵌入,埋入( embed的现在分词 ); 植入; 埋置; 包埋
参考例句:
  • Data embedding in scrambled Digital video complete source code, has been tested. 数据嵌入在炒数字视频完整的源代码,已经过测试。
  • Embedding large portions of C++ code in string literals is very awkward. 将大部分C++代码嵌入到字符串中是非常笨拙的。
11 touching sg6zQ9     
adj.动人的,使人感伤的
参考例句:
  • It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
  • His letter was touching.他的信很感人。
12 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
13 shipping WESyg     
n.船运(发货,运输,乘船)
参考例句:
  • We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
  • There's a shipping charge of £5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。
14 coastal WWiyh     
adj.海岸的,沿海的,沿岸的
参考例句:
  • The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
  • This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。
15 marine 77Izo     
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
参考例句:
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
16 recording UktzJj     
n.录音,记录
参考例句:
  • How long will the recording of the song take?录下这首歌得花多少时间?
  • I want to play you a recording of the rehearsal.我想给你放一下彩排的录像。
17 millennium x7DzO     
n.一千年,千禧年;太平盛世
参考例句:
  • The whole world was counting down to the new millennium.全世界都在倒计时迎接新千年的到来。
  • We waited as the clock ticked away the last few seconds of the old millennium.我们静候着时钟滴答走过千年的最后几秒钟。
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