GRE写作：Argument正文部分如何套用模板

 　　GRE写作如何套用模版?个人的观点argument就是要用模板的~~那些承上启下的标准表达大家都用~~不止中国人啊~~而且argument一般只看你逻辑~对于语言要求也没那么高，新东方网整理Argument正文部分模板，希望对你的GRE备考有所借鉴……正文部分

　　The major problem with this argument is that …Another flaw that weakens this argument is that. …In addition, the arguer ignores several factors that might undermine the argument.

　　… the arguer fails to consider several other relevant factors that might influence …For instance … since … what’s more … etc.

　　样本的问题：

　　When samples are used to make general claims about a particular group, the samples should be close enough in time to the generation they are used to support, so that historical changes will not invalidate the generalization¹调查survey 的问题：

　　The sample of the survey conducted by the … is vague.

　　But we are told nothing about the way the poll was conducted and how well it represented the public opinions..(民意测验)How many people participated?

　　The sample of the survey is not representative.

　　数据的问题：

　　(平均值)The study revealed, on average, only a small statistical² correlation³ between(实验的数据不可靠)the data of the research is unconvincing(样本太小)the sample is too small to...(光数字没比例)the ratio of four to six

　　there is only figures but no proportion of the survey 还是ratio?

　　Insufficient⁴ Sample

　　If the [respondents] only stand for a tiny proportion of the whole [group], we should not be so sure about the conclusion that [the whole group…]

　　The arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization.

　　It was only carried out in Sun City, but the arguer applies its result to all the company’s markets while doesn’t show us whether Sun City is a representative market of the whole markets.

　　实验组的人：性别，年龄，生理特征

　　副作用 有的病人会对抗生素过敏

　　错误的类比：

　　But the problem is that the two situations are not similar enough to justify⁵ the analogical deduction⁶.

　　错误的比较：

　　The comparison in this argument is incomplete and selective. The arguer discovers that …However, the arguer fails to provide any information regarding … respectively …别的因素：

　　Furthermore the arguer ignores the possibility that … may … Unless the arguer also takes this factor into consideration, the comparison is unconvincing.

　　It is very likely that … and hence… varies significantly.

　　没有因果：

　　Confusing causal relation with correlationthe arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization. Even if the maintenance of the airline has been improved as a result of sending its mechanics to the Seminar, which is, of course, an unwarranted assumption, it does not follow that 就算怎样，也不怎样Finally, the arguer hints that … but he fails to analyze⁷ the causes. Is it because… or because … ?

 

1 generalization   

n.普遍性，一般性，概括

参考例句：

• This sweeping generalization is the law of conservation of energy.这一透彻的概括就是能量守恒定律。
• The evaluation of conduct involves some amount of generalization.对操行的评价会含有一些泛泛之论。

2 statistical   

adj.统计的，统计学的

参考例句：

• He showed the price fluctuations in a statistical table.他用统计表显示价格的波动。
• They're making detailed statistical analysis.他们正在做具体的统计分析。

3 correlation   

n.相互关系，相关，关连

参考例句：

• The second group of measurements had a high correlation with the first.第二组测量数据与第一组高度相关。
• A high correlation exists in America between education and economic position.教育和经济地位在美国有极密切的关系。

4 insufficient   

adj.(for，of)不足的，不够的

参考例句：

• There was insufficient evidence to convict him.没有足够证据给他定罪。
• In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter.在他们的时代，科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。

5 justify   

vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护

参考例句：

• He tried to justify his absence with lame excuses.他想用站不住脚的借口为自己的缺席辩解。
• Can you justify your rude behavior to me?你能向我证明你的粗野行为是有道理的吗？

6 deduction   

n.减除，扣除，减除额；推论，推理，演绎

参考例句：

• No deduction in pay is made for absence due to illness.因病请假不扣工资。
• His deduction led him to the correct conclusion.他的推断使他得出正确的结论。

7 analyze   

vt.分析，解析 (=analyse)

参考例句：

• We should analyze the cause and effect of this event.我们应该分析这场事变的因果。
• The teacher tried to analyze the cause of our failure.老师设法分析我们失败的原因。