奥运知识—奥运项目介绍:射箭运动

About Archery (Olympic sport since 1900) 
射箭概述（1900年成为奥运会正式比赛项目）

 

　　Anyone familiar with the legend of Robin¹ Hood² knows archery competitions date back at least to mediaeval times. Indeed, today’s archers³ still honour the fabled⁴ outlaw⁵. The term "Robin Hood" now refers to splitting the shaft⁶ of an arrow already in the target with another arrow.
　　熟悉罗宾汉传奇故事的人们都知道，射箭比赛的历史至少可以追溯到中世纪。事实上，今天的射箭运动员们仍然尊敬那些传说中的绿林好汉。“罗宾汉”一词在现代英语中的意思是：射出一支箭，将已经插在靶子上的另一支箭的箭杆剖为两半。

　　The equipment has crept forward in its technology since Robin and his merry men had the run of Sherwood Forest, but the sport of archery remains⁷ essentially⁸ unchanged. A recurve bow coated in fibreglass has become standard, and arrows made of aluminium⁹ and carbon graphite can travel more than 240km/h, but the most important requirements are straightforward¹⁰: steady hands, strong shoulders, flexible muscles, sharp eyes and nerves of steel.
　　与罗宾汉和他的手下在舍伍德森林中占山为王的时代相比，射箭运动的器材装备在技术上已经逐渐进步了不少，但是这项运动在本质上并没有改变。覆盖着玻璃纤维，向内凹进的弓已经成为了标准用具，用铝和石墨制成的箭时速可高达240公里。然而，最关键的要求还是那么简单：稳健的双手、强有力的肩膀、柔韧的肌肉、犀利的眼睛和钢铁一般的神经。

　　Archery was a feature of the Olympic Games several times from 1900 to 1920, but then disappeared for more than 50 years. It reappeared at Munich in 1972 and has remained a fixture¹¹ ever since. 　
　　在1900年至1920年期间，射箭曾一度是奥运会上的一大亮点，但此后它在50多年的时间当中都销声匿迹。1972年，射箭项目重新出现在慕尼黑奥运会上，并且从此一直是奥运会的固定比赛项目。

1 robin   

n.知更鸟，红襟鸟

参考例句：

• The robin is the messenger of spring.知更鸟是报春的使者。
• We knew spring was coming as we had seen a robin.我们看见了一只知更鸟，知道春天要到了。

2 hood   

n.头巾，兜帽，覆盖；v.罩上，以头巾覆盖

参考例句：

• She is wearing a red cloak with a hood.她穿着一件红色带兜帽的披风。
• The car hood was dented in.汽车的发动机罩已凹了进去。

3 archers   

n.弓箭手，射箭运动员( archer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The next evening old Mr. Sillerton Jackson came to dine with the Archers. 第二天晚上，西勒顿？杰克逊老先生来和阿切尔家人一起吃饭。 来自辞典例句
• Week of Archer: Double growth for Archers and Marksmen. 射手周：弓箭手与弩手（人类）产量加倍。 来自互联网

4 fabled   

adj.寓言中的，虚构的

参考例句：

• For the first week he never actually saw the fabled Jack. 第一周他实际上从没见到传说中的杰克。
• Aphrodite, the Greek goddness of love, is fabled to have been born of the foam of the sea. 希腊爱神阿美罗狄蒂据说是诞生于海浪泡沫之中。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5 outlaw   

n.歹徒，亡命之徒；vt.宣布…为不合法

参考例句：

• The outlaw hid out in the hills for several months.逃犯在山里隐藏了几个月。
• The outlaw has been caught.歹徒已被抓住了。

6 shaft   

n.(工具的)柄，杆状物

参考例句：

• He was wounded by a shaft.他被箭击中受伤。
• This is the shaft of a steam engine.这是一个蒸汽机主轴。

7 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

8 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

9 aluminium   

n.铝 (=aluminum)

参考例句：

• Aluminium looks heavy but actually it is very light.铝看起来很重，实际上却很轻。
• If necessary, we can use aluminium instead of steel.如果必要，我们可用铝代钢。

10 straightforward   

adj.正直的，坦率的；易懂的，简单的

参考例句：

• A straightforward talk is better than a flowery speech.巧言不如直说。
• I must insist on your giving me a straightforward answer.我一定要你给我一个直截了当的回答。

11 fixture   

n.固定设备；预定日期；比赛时间；定期存款

参考例句：

• Lighting fixture must be installed at once.必须立即安装照明设备。
• The cordless kettle may now be a fixture in most kitchens.无绳电热水壶现在可能是多数厨房的固定设备。