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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
动物比喻(Animal Metaphors)在英汉两种语言中均有广泛的使用,它使语言生气勃勃,形象鲜明。然而,由于文化背景、思维方式的不同,人们对动物比喻的正确理解和翻译存有障碍。从翻译的角度总体说来,动物比喻可以分为两大类:
一类是:译语与原语存在对应的关系,使动物形象再现成为可能。根据两种语言在意义、形象或风格上的相似性,翻译时可采用同值、近值互借法,以再现原语形象。例如:
1.What a dull speech! He's merely parroting what many others have said.多么单调乏味的讲话!他不过是鹦鹉学舌,重复许多人说过的话而已。
2. A wolf in sheep's clothing披着羊皮的狼3. One swallow does not make a summer.孤燕不成夏。
4. He is as sly as a fox. You've got to watch him.他狡猾得像个狐狸。对他你可要当心点儿。
6. The children were as busy as bees, making preparations for the festival.孩子们准备过节忙得像蜜蜂一样。
另一类是:同一动物形象在原语和译语中的语用意义相去甚远,甚至完全相悖。因此,在翻译过程中就出现了动物形象名称的转换。这种动物形象的转换可以是一种动物形象转换为另一种动物形象。例如:
1. Talk horse.吹牛。(horse译为“牛”)2. Ass in a lion's skin.狐假虎威。(ass译为“狐”,lion译为“虎”)3. Black sheep.害群之马。(sheep译为“马”)4. Lock the stable door after the horse is stolen.亡羊补牢。(horse译为“羊”)5. Cast pearls before swine.对牛弹琴。(swine译为“牛”)6. When the cat is away, the mice will play.山中无老虎,猴子称大王。(cat译为“老虎”,mice译为“猴子”)7. As hungry as a bear.饿得像狼。(bear译为“狼”)8. Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs.杀鸡取卵。(goose译为“鸡”)9. As timid as a hare.胆小如鼠。(hare充为“鼠”)10.Neither fish, flesh nor fowl2.非驴非马。(fish, flesh译为“驴”owl译为“马”)11.Break a fly upon the wheel.杀鸡用牛刀。(fly译为“鸡”)
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1 ass | |
n.驴;傻瓜,蠢笨的人 | |
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2 fowl | |
n.家禽,鸡,禽肉 | |
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