双语：爱笑的人运气好 原来有据可依

 　　大家都说爱笑的人运气不会差到哪里去，有没有发现你身边整天笑容满面的人运气也不错呢？事实上他们不是因为运气好而笑，而是因为爱笑而运气好哦！

　　People are always smiling, especially in groups, but it doesn't just signal that they're happy. We use smiles for specific social purposes.

　　人们经常会笑，特别是在一个团队里的时候，其实笑并不代表他就快乐。我们笑是为了迎合某些社交目的。

　　1. Get others to trust you

　　1. 让别人相信你

　　One signal that suggests we are trustworthy is a smile. Genuine smiles send a message that other people can trust and cooperate with us. Economists¹ even consider that smiles have a value. In one study by Scharlemann et al. (2001) participants were more likely to trust another person if they were smiling. This study found that a smile increased people's willingness to trust by about 10%.

　　微笑能给别人发出一种信号，告诉他们我是值得相信的。经济学家甚至认为微笑是有价值的。在Scharlemann等学者做的一项研究中，研究结果显示如果你对对方微笑的话，对方会更加愿意相信你的话。研究结果还显示，微笑能让对方相信你的话意愿增加10%。

　　2. Smile for leniency²

　　2. 让别人放你一马

　　When people do bad things they often smile when they are caught. Is this to their benefit? According to a study conducted by LaFrance and Hecht (1995), it can be. We treat people who've broken the rules with more leniency if they smile afterwards. It doesn't matter whether it's a false smile, a miserable³ smile or a real felt smile, they all work to make us want to give the transgressor⁴ a break.

　　当人们做坏事被抓到时，他们通常会笑。这是为什么呢？根据LaFrance和Hecht做的研究结果显示，做坏事被抓到的人如果露出微笑的话，我们对他们可能会多一些仁慈。不论是假笑、惨笑还是真正的不好意思的笑都能让对方放你一马的想法强烈一点。

　　3. Recover from social slip-ups

　　3. 笑能让你更容易被原谅

　　Did you forget to buy your partner an anniversary present? Has an important client's name slipped your mind? Have you accidentally kicked a small child? If you've tripped on a social banana, embarrassment⁵ is your go-to emotion. The embarrassed smiles we display involve looking down and sometimes we emit a silly little laugh. This is designed to elicit⁶ fellow-feeling from other people so they think less of the slip and forgive us more quickly.

　　你是不是忘记给你的合作伙伴买周年纪念礼品了？不记得重要客户的名字了？不小心整伤了小孩子？如过你真的被这些社会人际关系“香蕉”给绊倒的话，相信你要尴尬好一阵子。这个时候低头尴尬一笑或者偶尔一个小小嗤笑会让别人对你多一些同情，这样他们忘记你的囧事的速度也会快一些。

　　So the embarrassed smile helps us get out of jail free(ish). Once again, the power of a smile.

　　尴尬一笑能帮我们迅速脱囧。微笑的力量再次发挥作用。

　　4. Smile to make money

　　4. 笑能赚钱

　　We've already seen that economists have calculated the value of a smile, but can a smile make us real cash-money? Apparently⁷ the broad smile of a waitress can: Tidd and Lockard (1978) found smiling waitresses made more in tips.

　　我们已经知道，经济学家认为笑也是有价值的，但是笑是否真的能给我们带来实在的收入呢？至少这一招在服务行业是有实效作用的：Tidd和Lockard研究发现面带微笑的女服务员拿的消费会比较多。

　　5. Smile and (half) the world smiles with you

　　5. 你对别人笑，半数人也会对你回以笑

　　One of the simple social pleasures of life, which goes almost unnoticed because it's automatic, is when you smile at someone and they smile back.As you'll have noticed, though, not everyone does smile back. Hinsz and Tomhave (1991) wanted to see what proportion of people would respond to a smile aimed at them with their own smile. Their results suggest around 50% of people reciprocate⁸. In comparison almost no one responds to a frown with their own frown.

　　当你对别人笑的时候，他们对你也回以微笑，这是我们经常会忽视的一个社会交流快乐之处。也许你会发现，你对别人微笑，而对方却不一定会给你一个微笑。Hinsz和Tomhave曾经做过研究，想搞清楚会对别人回以微笑的人在所有人里所占的比例。结果就是50%的人会对他人回以微笑。但是如果你对别人皱眉相向，别人肯定不会回你一个皱眉的。

1 economists   

n.经济学家，经济专家( economist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
• Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 leniency   

n.宽大（不严厉）

参考例句：

• udges are advised to show greater leniency towards first-time offenders.建议法官对初犯者宽大处理。
• Police offer leniency to criminals in return for information.警方给罪犯宽大处理以换取情报。

3 miserable   

adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的

参考例句：

• It was miserable of you to make fun of him.你取笑他，这是可耻的。
• Her past life was miserable.她过去的生活很苦。

4 transgressor   

n.违背者

参考例句：

• We expect the transgressor to make any atonement possible to him. 我们期待犯了过失的人有可能做到的赎罪行为。 来自辞典例句
• We expect transgressor to make any atonement possible to him. “我深信，”西丝又重说一遍，“这是你能做的唯一的赎罪的办法。” 来自互联网

5 embarrassment   

n.尴尬；使人为难的人(事物)；障碍；窘迫

参考例句：

• She could have died away with embarrassment.她窘迫得要死。
• Coughing at a concert can be a real embarrassment.在音乐会上咳嗽真会使人难堪。

6 elicit   

v.引出,抽出,引起

参考例句：

• It was designed to elicit the best thinking within the government. 机构的设置是为了在政府内部集思广益。
• Don't try to elicit business secrets from me. I won't tell you anything. 你休想从我这里套问出我们的商业机密, 我什么都不会告诉你的。

7 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

8 reciprocate   

v.往复运动；互换；回报，酬答

参考例句：

• Although she did not reciprocate his feelings, she did not discourage him.尽管她没有回应他的感情，她也没有使他丧失信心。
• Some day I will reciprocate your kindness to me.总有一天我会报答你对我的恩德。