GRE试题五(2)

8.Scientist：More than 1, 000 large asteroids² regularly
cross the Earth’s path．Even though the probabil-
ity of one colliding with the Earth is extremely
slight, we should do whatever we can to reduce
that probability since any such collision would
be catastrophic．The best way to avoid such a
disaster is to deflect³ the asteroids．The only
known way of deflecting⁴ asteroids is by hitting
them with nuclear weapons that would be stored
in space stations．

The scientist’s claims are structured so as to lead to
which of the following conclusions？
(A)Nuclear technology is the only technology that
can plausibly⁵ be used to prevent natural
catastrophes⁷．
(B)Nuclear weapons should be deployed⁸ in space．
(C)No catastrophe⁶ has yet been caused by the
collision of an asteroid¹ with the Earth．
(D)The 1, 000 large asteroids that cross the Earth’s
path pose only an extremely slight risk of
colliding with the Earth．
(E)There is currently no acceptable use to which
nuclear weapons can be put, aside from pro-
tecting the Earth from asteroids．

9.It has long been thought that high levels of the hor-
mone testosterone contribute to the onset⁹ of heart
disease in men．However, this view cannot be correct,
since men who have heart disease typically show
significantly lower levels of testosterone than do men
who have not had heart disease．

The argument above assumes which of the following？
(A)Many men who have never had heart disease
have unusually low levels of testosterone．
(B)Having heart disease does not significantly lower
the level of testosterone in men．
(C)Levels of hormones¹⁰ other than testosterone
significantly affect the likelihood that a man
will develop heart disease．
(D)Heart disease and lowered testosterone levels in
men are the effects of a single common cause．
(E)High levels of testosterone have never been
thought to contribute to a serious disease other
than heart disease
10.The time-out technique involves removing the child from
an undesirable¹¹ situation in order to let the child think
things over．Over the last two decades, family doctors
have been advocating this technique as preferable to
spanking¹², which is now known to be potentially injurious
and no more effective．

10.Which of the following can properly be concluded
from the data presented in the graph？
(A)The 1962 survey was based on a larger sample
than the 1992 survey was．
(B)In the period between the surveys, denying tele-
vision privileges was never the disciplinary
technique most popular with parents．
(C)The four disciplinary techniques featured in the
graph were the only disciplinary techniques
named by parents in either survey．
(D)The 1962 survey allowed parents to name more
than one disciplinary technique, but the 1992 

survey may not have allowed this．
(E)In the period between the surveys, there were
no significant changes in the popularity of lec-
turing children as a disciplinary method．

11.People who engage in scuba¹³ diving are healthier, on
average, than people who do not engage in this
activity．Therefore, scuba diving tends to promote
improved health．

The argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the
grounds that it
(A)presupposes that everyone who takes up scuba
diving does so solely¹⁴ for health reasons
(B)leads to a further and falsifiable conclusion that
no one can achieve good health without
engaging in scuba diving
(C)fails to point out that a small number of people
are seriously injured in scuba diving accidents
each year
(D)treats a precondition for improving one’s health
as though it were something that by itself
could ensure good health
(E)overlooks the possibility that people generally do
not take up scuba diving unless they are in
good health
Questions 12-15

An art museum owns six paintings by an eighteenth-
century painter．The paintings, listed in order by esti-
mated value from lowest to highest, are F, G, H, S, T,
and U．Paintings F, G, and H are landscapes; S, T, and U
are portraits．At any one time, exactly three of the six
paintings are on exhibit, subject to the following
restrictions:

The paintings on exhibit cannot all be landscapes．
If the exhibit includes only one portrait, that portrait
must be U．
H cannot be on exhibit at any time that T is on exhibit.

12.Which of the following could be the three paintings
on exhibit at some point？
(A)F, G, and H
(B)F, G, and T
(C)G, H, and S
(D)G, S, and U
(E)H, T, and U

13.Which of the following, if they are the first two
paintings selected for inclusion in a future exhibit,
leave the widest choice of paintings for the third
painting in that future exhibit？
(A)F and G
(B)G and H
(C)H and U
(D)S and T
(E)S and U

1 asteroid   

n.小行星；海盘车(动物)

参考例句：

• Astronomers have yet to witness an asteroid impact with another planet.天文学家还没有目击过小行星撞击其它行星。
• It's very unlikely that an asteroid will crash into Earth but the danger exists.小行星撞地球的可能性很小，但这样的危险还是存在的。

2 asteroids   

n.小行星( asteroid的名词复数 )；海盘车，海星

参考例句：

• Asteroids,also known as "minor planets",are numerous in the outer space. 小行星，亦称为“小型行星”，在外太空中不计其数。
• Most stars probably have their quota of planets, meteorids, comets, and asteroids. 多数恒星也许还拥有若干行星、流星、彗星和小行星。

3 deflect   

v.(使)偏斜，(使)偏离，(使)转向

参考例句：

• Never let a little problem deflect you.决不要因一点小问题就半途而废。
• They decided to deflect from the original plan.他们决定改变原计划。

4 deflecting   

（使）偏斜， （使）偏离， （使）转向( deflect的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• A variety of mechanical surfaces have been employed for deflecting the exhaust jets of solid-propellant rockets. 人们已经用过各种类型的机械控制面来偏转固体推进剂火箭的排气流。
• If she made a leading statement, he was expert deflecting her into more impersonal channels. 只要她一开口，他就会巧妙地把她的话题转到与个人无关的问题上去。

5 plausibly   

似真地

参考例句：

• The case was presented very plausibly. 案情的申述似很可信。
• He argued very plausibly for its acceptance. 他为使之认可辩解得头头是道。

6 catastrophe   

n.大灾难，大祸

参考例句：

• I owe it to you that I survived the catastrophe.亏得你我才大难不死。
• This is a catastrophe beyond human control.这是一场人类无法控制的灾难。

7 catastrophes   

n.灾祸( catastrophe的名词复数 )；灾难；不幸事件；困难

参考例句：

• Two of history's worst natural catastrophes occurred in 1970. 1970年发生了历史上最严重两次自然灾害。 来自辞典例句
• The Swiss deposits contain evidence of such catastrophes. 瑞士的遗址里还有这种灾难的证据。 来自辞典例句

8 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

9 onset   

n.进攻，袭击，开始，突然开始

参考例句：

• The drug must be taken from the onset of the infection.这种药必须在感染的最初期就开始服用。
• Our troops withstood the onset of the enemy.我们的部队抵挡住了敌人的进攻。

10 hormones   

n. 荷尔蒙，激素 名词hormone的复数形式

参考例句：

• This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body. 这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
• The adrenals produce a large per cent of a man's sex hormones. 肾上腺分泌人体的大部分性激素。

11 undesirable   

adj.不受欢迎的，不良的，不合意的，讨厌的；n.不受欢迎的人，不良分子

参考例句：

• They are the undesirable elements among the employees.他们是雇员中的不良分子。
• Certain chemicals can induce undesirable changes in the nervous system.有些化学物质能在神经系统中引起不良变化。

12 spanking   

adj.强烈的，疾行的；n.打屁股

参考例句：

• The boat is spanking along on the river.船在小河疾驶。
• He heard a horse approaching at a spanking trot.他听到一匹马正在疾步驰近。

13 scuba   

n.水中呼吸器

参考例句：

• I first got hooked on scuba diving when I was twelve.12岁时我开始迷上了带水中呼吸器潜水。
• While on honeymoon in Bali,she learned to scuba dive.她在巴厘岛度蜜月时学会了带水肺潜水。

14 solely   

adv.仅仅，唯一地

参考例句：

• Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement.成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。
• The town depends almost solely on the tourist trade.这座城市几乎完全靠旅游业维持。