考前死记硬背记不住？画下来更有效

 Got an exam coming up? Better start sketching¹!

是不是考试即将到来了？那么最好现在开始画起来吧！

A new study found that drawing information you need to remember is a very efficient way to enhance your memory. The researchers believe that the act of drawing helps create a more cohesive² memory as it integrates visual, motor and semantic information.

一项新的研究发现称：将你所要记忆的东西用画图的形式表现出来，是提高你记忆力的一种十分有效的方式。研究者相信，画画的行为可以帮助建立更牢固的记忆，因为它将视觉、动态和语义信息整合为了一体。

考前死记硬背记不住？画下来更有效

“We pitted drawing against a number of other known encoding strategies, but drawing always came out on top,” said Jeffrey Wammes, PhD candidate in the Department of Psychology³ at the University of Waterloo.

“我们将绘图和其他的编码方式进行了对比，但是绘图仍然是最有效的，”滑铁卢大学心理学系博士杰弗里说道。

Together, they enlisted⁴ some of the University’s students’ help and presented them with a list of simple, easily drawn⁵ words, such as “apple.” Participants were given 40 seconds in which to draw or write out the the word repeatedly. After this, they were given a filler task of classifying musical tones, to facilitate memory retention⁶. In the last step of the trial, the students were asked to recall as many of the initial words as they could in just 60 seconds.

他们招募了一些大学生，并且给到他们一张单子，上面写有比较简单易画的词，比如说“苹果”。参与者被要求在40秒内重复画出或者是写出这个字。然后，他们会做一个填字任务——区分音符来加强记忆力。在试验的最后一步，学生们被要求在一分钟之内回忆尽可能多的字母缩写。

“We discovered a significant recall advantage for words that were drawn as compared to those that were written,” said Wammes.

“我们发现分别通过画图和书写来记忆单词，前者有明显优势。”

1 sketching   

n.草图

参考例句：

• They are sketching out proposals for a new road. 他们正在草拟修建新路的计划。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• "Imagination is busy sketching rose-tinted pictures of joy. “飞舞驰骋的想象描绘出一幅幅玫瑰色欢乐的场景。 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险

2 cohesive   

adj.有粘着力的；有结合力的；凝聚性的

参考例句：

• She sealed the parcel with cohesive tape.她用粘胶带把包裹封起来。
• The author skillfully fuses these fragments into a cohesive whole.作者将这些片断巧妙地结合成一个连贯的整体。

3 psychology   

n.心理，心理学，心理状态

参考例句：

• She has a background in child psychology.她受过儿童心理学的教育。
• He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。

4 enlisted   

adj.应募入伍的v.（使）入伍， （使）参军( enlist的过去式和过去分词 )；获得（帮助或支持）

参考例句：

• enlisted men and women 男兵和女兵
• He enlisted with the air force to fight against the enemy. 他应募加入空军对敌作战。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5 drawn   

v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的

参考例句：

• All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
• Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

6 retention   

n.保留，保持，保持力，记忆力

参考例句：

• They advocate the retention of our nuclear power plants.他们主张保留我们的核电厂。
• His retention of energy at this hour is really surprising.人们惊叹他在这个时候还能保持如此旺盛的精力。