ETS是如何考查GRE阅读文章的复杂逻辑

 　　新GRE阅读文章内容复杂程度降低了，但是新GRE阅读变化在于逻辑复杂程度升高。考生们想要获得新GRE阅读理解的高分，则更加注重文章的内在联系。这反映了ETS对于影响研究生阶段学术成功的基本能力的更为深入的把握。

　　新GRE阅读的文字内容复杂程度有所降低，逻辑复杂程度持续增加。而ETS在多年的跟踪研究后也意识到，恰当准确把握文章内部的复杂逻辑的能力，同研究生阶段的成绩关系更大些。下面，我们以一篇样题为例看一下ETS是如何考查新GRE阅读文章内部的复杂逻辑：

　　Policymakers must confront the dilemma¹ that fossil fuels continue to be an indispensable source of energy even though burning them produces atmospheric² accumulations of carbon dioxide that increase the likelihood of potentially disastrous³ global climate change. Currently, technology that would capture carbon dioxide emitted by power plants and sequester⁴ it harmlessly underground or undersea instead of releasing it into the atmosphere might double the cost of generating electricity. But because sequestration does not affect the cost of electricity transmission and distribution, delivered prices will rise less, by no more than 50 percent. Research into better technologies for capturing carbon dioxide will undoubtedly⁵ lead to lowered costs.

　　1. The passage implies which of the following about the current cost of generating electricity?

　　It is higher than it would be if better technologies for capturing carbon dioxide were available.

　　It is somewhat less than the cost of electricity transmission and distribution.

　　It constitutes at most half of the delivered price of electricity.

　　It is dwelt on by policymakers to the exclusion⁶ of other costs associated with electricity delivery.

　　It is not fully⁷ recovered by the prices charged directly to electricity consumers.

　　对上文的逻辑进行提炼我们发现，得出这样一个逻辑推理链条：

　　环保技术(technology that would capture carbon dioxide emitted by power plants and sequester it harmlessly underground or undersea instead of releasing it into the atmosphere)增加一倍发电成本(double the cost of generating electricity)。环保技术不改变传输成本(the cost of electricity transmission and distribution)。最终价格(delivered prices)增加不超过50%。

　　最终价格=发电成本+传输成本使用环保技术后，发电成本增加了原来的一倍，但是最终价格增长不超过50%，可以得出结论，发电成本，最多占最终价格的50%。

1 dilemma   

n.困境，进退两难的局面

参考例句：

• I am on the horns of a dilemma about the matter.这件事使我进退两难。
• He was thrown into a dilemma.他陷入困境。

2 atmospheric   

adj.大气的，空气的；大气层的；大气所引起的

参考例句：

• Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
• Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。

3 disastrous   

adj.灾难性的，造成灾害的；极坏的，很糟的

参考例句：

• The heavy rainstorm caused a disastrous flood.暴雨成灾。
• Her investment had disastrous consequences.She lost everything she owned.她的投资结果很惨，血本无归。

4 sequester   

vt.使退隐，使隔绝

参考例句：

• Everything he owned was sequestered.他的所有财产都被扣押了。
• This jury is expected to be sequestered for at least two months.预计这个陪审团将至少被隔离两个月。

5 undoubtedly   

adv.确实地，无疑地

参考例句：

• It is undoubtedly she who has said that.这话明明是她说的。
• He is undoubtedly the pride of China.毫无疑问他是中国的骄傲。

6 exclusion   

n.拒绝，排除，排斥，远足，远途旅行

参考例句：

• Don't revise a few topics to the exclusion of all others.不要修改少数论题以致排除所有其他的。
• He plays golf to the exclusion of all other sports.他专打高尔夫球，其他运动一概不参加。

7 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。