英格兰队为什么被称为三狮军团？

 　　The lions have a history going back to the 12th century, when a standard with three gold lions on a red field was carried into battle to inspire the troops.

　　这些狮子的历史可以追溯到12世纪时的红底三金狮军旗。

　　Later that century, Richard the Lionheart (1189-1199) used the three golden lions on a scarlet¹ background as a symbol of the English throne and, after that, it appeared on the Royal Arms of every succeeding monarch².

　　12世纪晚期，狮心王理查（1189-1199在位）使用绯红底三金狮作为英格兰王权的象征。之后即使王朝更替，这个标志都不曾从王室的纹章上消失。

　　So when the FA was formed in 1863, it seemed natural enough to base their logo on this stirring royal shield. Since then, the design has only been changed once, in 1949 - when the crown that was on top of the lions was removed to differentiate³ the badge from that of the English cricket team.

　　因此，当1863年英格兰足总成立的时候，很自然的使用了皇室纹章作为标志的模板。在那以后，这个标志只在1949年改变了一次--去掉了狮子头上的冠冕以区别于英格兰板球队。

　　为什么英格兰队不叫英国队？

　　England and Scotland played the first game between two national soccer teams in Glasgow in 1872 in front of 4,000 spectators. Twelve years later, the national soccer associations of England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland launched the British Home Championship tournament, which was contested almost every year for the next century.

　　世界上第一场国际性足球赛1872年于格拉斯哥举行。这场比赛有4000名观众观看，对阵双方是英格兰队和苏格兰队。12年后，英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和爱尔兰创建了英国本土四角锦标赛，并在随后的一个世纪中几乎每年都会举办。

　　Meanwhile, FIFA, the governing body responsible for the World Cup, didn't come along until 1904. By that point, the United Kingdom's four independent national soccer associations were deemed too powerful to be combined.

　　另一方面，国际足联直到1904年才成立。而那时英国的4个独立足协已经因为过于强大而无法合并了。

　　英格兰队唯一的一座世界杯竟是因为误判？

　　England's third goal in 1966 World Cup Final has remained controversial ever since the match.

　　1966年世界杯决赛中英格兰队的第三个进球一直存在争议。

　　Modern studies using film analysis and computer simulation have suggested the ball never crossed the line, and that therefore this was not strictly⁴ speaking a goal.

　　现代研究使用录像分析和计算机模拟显示，当时足球并未越过门线。因此严格来说，这个进球无效。

 

1 scarlet   

n.深红色，绯红色，红衣；adj.绯红色的

参考例句：

• The scarlet leaves of the maples contrast well with the dark green of the pines.深红的枫叶和暗绿的松树形成了明显的对比。
• The glowing clouds are growing slowly pale,scarlet,bright red,and then light red.天空的霞光渐渐地淡下去了，深红的颜色变成了绯红，绯红又变为浅红。

2 monarch   

n.帝王，君主，最高统治者

参考例句：

• The monarch's role is purely ceremonial.君主纯粹是个礼仪职位。
• I think myself happier now than the greatest monarch upon earth.我觉得这个时候比世界上什么帝王都快乐。

3 differentiate   

vi.(between)区分；vt.区别；使不同

参考例句：

• You can differentiate between the houses by the shape of their chimneys.你可以凭借烟囱形状的不同来区分这两幢房子。
• He never learned to differentiate between good and evil.他从未学会分辨善恶。

4 strictly   

adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地

参考例句：

• His doctor is dieting him strictly.他的医生严格规定他的饮食。
• The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence.客人严格按照地位高低就座。