注意力不集中的6大罪魁祸首

 　　There are many reasons why your mind might wander in class or during homework. Some of the most common factors are non-medical and simple, and they can be treated by making small changes in your routine.

　　在课堂上或者做作业时，思想不集中有很多原因。一些常见的因素是简单的非医学的，它们可以通过日常中一些小的改变来改善。

　　6 Non-Medical Causes for a Lack of Concentration

　　注意力不集中的6个非医学原因

　　1.Fatigue¹ from sleep deprivation² is probably the most common cause for an inability to concentrate on one topic for very long.Many studies have shown that students are not getting enough sleep, and sleep deprivation has serious physical, emotional, and cognitive³ effects.

　　The first step in attempting to solve your concentration problem is finding a way to get at least eight hours of sleep every night.This isn't easy to do. Teens typically have busy lives and develop habits that make it difficult to get to sleep early enough.

　　1.睡眠缺乏导致的疲劳可能是无法长时间专注一件事情的最常见的原因。许多研究表明学生没有足够的睡眠，并且睡眠缺乏对身体，情绪和认知有严重的影响。

　　However, if you have a serious concentration problem, you may need to make some sacrifices to find a solution. Try getting plenty of sleep and see if you get results.

　　尝试解决注意力不集中的第一步是找到一种方式保证每晚睡眠至少八个小时。这个不容易做到。青少年通常生活忙碌，自身的习惯使得他们很难做到及早睡觉。

　　2.Anxiety is another cause for the inability to concentrate. High school is an exciting time, but it can also be a stressful time. Are you worried about something? If so, you might need to isolate⁴ your source of anxiety and confront it head on.Teens deal with many pressures from their peers, and this social force can become quite damaging in extremes.Are you dealing⁵ with pressure? If so, it may be time to change your life in a serious way to eliminate some of the stressors. Is your schedule too heavy? Are you involved in a toxic⁶ friendship?If you are dealing with peer pressure that might lead you down a dangerous path, it might be time to talk to an adult. Your parents, your guidance counselor⁷, your teacher-find people you trust and let them know you're dealing with anxiety.

　　然而，如果你有严重的注意力不集中问题，你可能需要做出一些牺牲来找到一个解决方案。尝试有足够的睡眠，看是否能得到答案。

　　3.Excitement is related to anxiety, but a little more fun! There are lots of things that come along from time to time that grab our attention and make us daydream⁸. This can be a big problem during the final weeks of a term--but that's the very time we should be paying most attention! Midterms and finals happen to come along at the same time we start to dream about upcoming breaks and vacations. Make the conscious decision to set aside your daydreams⁹ until after class.

　　2. 焦虑是另一个无法集中注意力的原因。上高中是一个令人兴奋的阶段，但是也是一个有压力的时间段。你是否担心一些事情？如果是的话，你可能需要找到焦虑的来源，并且面对它。青少年应对许多来自同辈的压力，并且这些社交力量在极端情况下可能变得相当危险。你在应对这些压力吗？如果是这样，可能是时候改变你的生活以一种严重的方式消除一些压力。你的日程安排是否太紧张？你是否陷入一段有害的友谊中？如果你正处理同辈压力，这可能导致你走上一条危险的道路，可能是时候需要跟一个成年人聊聊了。你的父母，你的咨询师，你信任的老师，让他们知道你正在应对焦虑。

　　4.Love. One of the biggest distractions¹⁰ for teens is physical attraction and love. Are you having a difficult time concentrating because you just can't get someone out of your head?If so, you just need to find a way to discipline yourself.It is sometimes helpful to establish routines in your study habits-by setting up parameters¹¹ both inside and outside your head.

　　3. 更有趣的是，兴奋还和焦虑有关！有许多事情不断出现会占据我们的注意力，让我们白日做梦。这可能在一个学期的最后几周成为一个大问题，但是这段时间是我们最应该集中注意力的时间。期中考试和期末考试到来伴随着我们梦想着的休息和假期。做一个决定，把白日梦放到一边直到下课后。

　　Outwardly, you can establish a physical special study space and study time. Inwardly, you can set rules about thoughts that are and are not permissible¹² during study time.

　　4. 爱。青少年最大的干扰之一是身体的吸引力和爱。你是否很难集中注意力，因为控制不住思念一个人。如果是这样，你只需要找到一种方式约束自己。通过设置头脑内部和外部的因素，有助于在学习习惯中建立日程安排。

　　5.Diet and caffeine is another potential problem when it comes to concentration. Your body is just like a machine in some ways. Just like an automobile¹³, a body needs clean fuel to keep it running well.Different people are affected¹⁴ in different ways from foods and chemicals-and sometimes those effects can be unexpected.For example, it may surprise you to know that some studies have linked low-fat diet with symptoms of depression! And depression can affect your concentration.

　　表面看，你可以建立一个物理的学习空间和学习时间。内在的，你可以设置规则在学习期间哪些是允许的，哪些是不允许的。

　　Caffeine is another potential trouble-maker when it comes to diet and moods. Caffeine consumption can cause insomnia¹⁵, headaches, dizziness, and nervousness. These symptoms are sure to affect your concentration.

　　5. 饮食和咖啡因是注意力不集中的另一个潜在问题。你的身体在某些方面就像一个机器。就像一辆汽车，身体也需要燃料来保持它的运行。不同的人对食物和化学品以不同的方式被影响，有时这些影响是不可预料的。例如，令人吃惊的是一些研究表明低脂肪的饮食和抑郁症的症状有关！并且抑郁会影响你的注意力。

　　6.Boredom¹⁶ is another big culprit when it comes to staying focused on your studies. Boredom stems from doing something that lacks meaning and motivation. What can you do?

　　咖啡因是另一个潜在的麻烦制造者，当它涉及饮食和情绪时。咖啡因摄入会导致失眠，头痛，头晕和紧张。这些 症状肯定会影响你的注意力。

　　Every time you prepare to enter a study environment, take a moment for a reality check. What do you need to accomplish? Why? Concentrate on a goal for the next hour and think of a way to reward yourself for reaching that goal.

　　6. 无聊是想专注于学习时另一个大的罪魁祸首。无聊是做事情缺乏目的和动机。你可以做什么？

　　每一次你准备进入学习的环境中，花一些时间做一个事实检查。你需要完成什么？为什么？集中注意力在接下来的一个小时并且想一种方式来鼓励自己实现目标。

1 fatigue   

n.疲劳，劳累

参考例句：

• The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey.这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
• I have got over my weakness and fatigue.我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。

2 deprivation   

n.匮乏；丧失；夺去，贫困

参考例句：

• Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous.多实验都证实了睡眠被剥夺是危险的。
• Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.错过假日是极大的损失。

3 cognitive   

adj.认知的，认识的，有感知的

参考例句：

• As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
• The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。

4 isolate   

vt.使孤立，隔离

参考例句：

• Do not isolate yourself from others.不要把自己孤立起来。
• We should never isolate ourselves from the masses.我们永远不能脱离群众。

5 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

6 toxic   

adj.有毒的，因中毒引起的

参考例句：

• The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
• There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere.爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。

7 counselor   

n.顾问，法律顾问

参考例句：

• The counselor gave us some disinterested advice.顾问给了我们一些无私的忠告。
• Chinese commercial counselor's office in foreign countries.中国驻国外商务参赞处。

8 daydream   

v.做白日梦，幻想

参考例句：

• Boys and girls daydream about what they want to be.孩子们遐想着他们将来要干什么。
• He drifted off into another daydream.他飘飘然又做了一个白日梦。

9 daydreams   

n.白日梦( daydream的名词复数 )v.想入非非，空想( daydream的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Often they gave themselves up to daydreams of escape. 他们常沉溺进这种逃避现实的白日梦。 来自英汉文学
• I would become disgusted with my futile daydreams. 我就讨厌自己那种虚无的梦想。 来自辞典例句

10 distractions   

n.使人分心的事[人]( distraction的名词复数 )；娱乐，消遣；心烦意乱；精神错乱

参考例句：

• I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions. 我发觉在家里工作很难，因为使人分心的事太多。
• There are too many distractions here to work properly. 这里叫人分心的事太多，使人无法好好工作。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 parameters   

因素，特征； 界限； （限定性的）因素( parameter的名词复数 )； 参量； 参项； 决定因素

参考例句：

• We have to work within the parameters of time. 我们的工作受时间所限。
• See parameters.cpp for a compilable example. This is part of the Spirit distribution. 可编译例子见parameters.cpp.这是Spirit分发包的组成部分。

12 permissible   

adj.可允许的，许可的

参考例句：

• Is smoking permissible in the theatre?在剧院里允许吸烟吗？
• Delay is not permissible,even for a single day.不得延误，即使一日亦不可。

13 automobile   

n.汽车，机动车

参考例句：

• He is repairing the brake lever of an automobile.他正在修理汽车的刹车杆。
• The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road.汽车在路上转弯时放慢了速度。

14 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

15 insomnia   

n.失眠，失眠症

参考例句：

• Worries and tenseness can lead to insomnia.忧虑和紧张会导致失眠。
• He is suffering from insomnia.他患失眠症。

16 boredom   

n.厌烦，厌倦，乏味，无聊

参考例句：

• Unemployment can drive you mad with boredom.失业会让你无聊得发疯。
• A walkman can relieve the boredom of running.跑步时带着随身听就不那么乏味了。