工资明细的具体含义与表达

 　　很多人搞不清楚自己的工资是怎么回事吧，工资的总额是多少，扣除税收、保险是多少，奖金是多少，剩余是多少？如果不清楚这些东西的含义，不知道它们的英语表达，那么今天一定要来学一下啦！

　　Pay check

　　工资支票

　　An official form issued by a company which can be cashed at designated financial institutions.

　　公司签发的、能够在指定金融机构兑现的支票

　　Pay stub

　　工资存根

　　Basically a receipt for record-keeping. Identifies all of the items and amounts used in calculating the final amount of the pay check.

　　存档的收据。用来核算签发的支票金额和应付的相关项目金额。

　　Pay period

　　工资周期

　　The time covered between pay checks. Can be daily (rare), weekly,monthly, bi-weekly (every 2 weeks), or bi-monthly (twice a month, usually in the middle and end of the month).

　　两次发工资间隔的时间。可以是每天（极少），每周，每月，双周，半月（每月两次，通常在月中和月末，bi-monthly本意是双月的意思，而实际上是指一月两次，人们将错就错）。

　　Pay rate

　　工资标准

　　An agreed amount that the company pays per unit of time worked or unit of work done.

　　公司按双方商定的支付标准，以计时或计件的方式支付员工工资。

　　Gross

　　总额

　　The base employee income for a specified¹ period, based on pay rate. Can be:

　　根据一定的工资标准，员工在一定时期内的基本收入可以是：

　　1. Salary (a fixed² amount, daily/weekly/monthly, which is adjusted, based on number of days worked/not worked)

　　薪水（每日/每周/每月固定的数额，根据工作日数作调整）

　　2. Wage (an hourly rate adjusted for the number of hours worked)

　　时薪（根据工作时数作调整的每小时工资标准）

　　3. Piece (a certain amount for each unit of work done)

　　计件工资（对每件完成的工作支付的金额）

　　The gross income can also be adjusted for items such as commissions and bonuses.

　　工资总额还可以根据佣金和奖金作调整。

　　Commissions

　　佣金

　　Money earned on a regular basis based on previous sales made.

　　根据以往的销售业绩，定期发的钱。

　　Bonuses

　　奖金

　　Money paid by the company for various reasons, such as meeting objectives, productivity incentives³, special events (e.g. Xmas), etc.

　　公司根据不同原因支付的钱，如完成任务，激励员工提高生产力，特殊节日（如圣诞节），等等。

　　Deductions⁴

　　扣除

　　Deductions are amounts retained by the company from your gross amount. They are also commonly referred to as deductions at source. Some of the more common deductions are:

　　扣除费用是公司从你的工资总额中保留的部分。通常也被称为从源头上扣除（直接从工资中扣除）。一些常见的扣除费用有：

　　1. Income tax (Federal, state(U.S.) or provincial(Canada), municipal in some locations)

　　个人所得税（联邦，州（美国）或省（加拿大），一些自治市或自治区）

　　2. Pension (employee contributions for retirement⁵. A common plan in the United States is the 401K plan.)

　　养老金（为退休后做的准备金。在美国常见的是401K计划。）

　　3. Medical (To pay for medical insurance. This is more common in America. In Canada, every citizen is already covered by a global plan called Medicare, so the company plan most commonly found there is for dental care, which isn't covered by Medicare.)

　　医疗保险（为医疗保险所付的钱。这在美国更普通。在加拿大每一个公民都参加一个被称为医疗保健的全球计划，所以公司的医疗计划通常只是为医疗保健不覆盖的牙科。）

　　4. Charity (Donations made to a charity of the employee's choice.)

　　4. 慈善资金（根据员工自愿捐助的慈善基金。）

　　Net

　　净工资

　　The amount left after all deductions have been made from the gross income. This is what you finally get to put in your pocket!

　　从总工资中扣除所有项目后剩余的数额。这是你最终能放入钱包中的钱。

　　Raise

　　加薪

　　Adjustment of pay rate, usually based on performance, cost of living, or promotion⁶.

　　工资标准的调整，通常是根据工作表现，生活费用，和升职

　　Direct deposit

　　直接存入银行

　　Electronic transfer of your net amount to a bank.

　　将你的净工资直接转入银行。

1 specified   

adj.特定的

参考例句：

• The architect specified oak for the wood trim. 那位建筑师指定用橡木做木饰条。
• It is generated by some specified means. 这是由某些未加说明的方法产生的。

2 fixed   

adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的

参考例句：

• Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
• Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

3 incentives   

激励某人做某事的事物( incentive的名词复数 )； 刺激； 诱因； 动机

参考例句：

• tax incentives to encourage savings 鼓励储蓄的税收措施
• Furthermore, subsidies provide incentives only for investments in equipment. 更有甚者，提供津贴仅是为鼓励增添设备的投资。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

4 deductions   

扣除( deduction的名词复数 )； 结论； 扣除的量； 推演

参考例句：

• Many of the older officers trusted agents sightings more than cryptanalysts'deductions. 许多年纪比较大的军官往往相信特务的发现，而不怎么相信密码分析员的推断。
• You know how you rush at things,jump to conclusions without proper deductions. 你知道你处理问题是多么仓促，毫无合适的演绎就仓促下结论。

5 retirement   

n.退休，退职

参考例句：

• She wanted to enjoy her retirement without being beset by financial worries.她想享受退休生活而不必为金钱担忧。
• I have to put everything away for my retirement.我必须把一切都积蓄起来以便退休后用。

6 promotion   

n.提升，晋级；促销，宣传

参考例句：

• The teacher conferred with the principal about Dick's promotion.教师与校长商谈了迪克的升级问题。
• The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary.那个职员升了级，加了薪。