商务英语邮件写作指导方法：prevent、prohibit和ban的用法

 　　WRONG: The Lease does not provide for a period of time during which the Tenant¹ is prevented to use the Premises².

　　错误用法：租约中并未指明房客不能使用所租房屋的时间界限。

　　RIGHT: The Lease does not provide for a period of time during which the Tenant is prevented from using the Premises.

　　正确用法：租约中并未指明房客不能使用所租房屋的时间界限。

　　WRONG: The crew should be provided with training on how to prevent from sea contamination.

　　错误用法：船员应该接受关于如何防止海洋污染的培训。

　　RIGHT: The crew should be provided with training on how to prevent sea contamination.

　　正确用法：船员应该接受关于如何防止海洋污染的培训。

　　Although the verb “prevent” takes the preposition “from”, it can also be used with no preposition. The rules are as follows:

　　尽管动词“prevent”可以带介词“from”，它也可以不用介词。规则如下：

　　“prevent” + something

　　“prevent”+某事

　　The soldiers prevented the evacuation.

　　例句：士兵们阻止撤离。

　　“prevent” somebody from + -ing

　　“prevent”某人做某事

　　The soldiers prevented the refugees from evacuating³.

　　例句：士兵们阻止难民们撤离。

　　The word “prohibit” works in exactly the same way:

　　单词“prohibit”的用法和“prevent”基本一致：

　　“prohibit” + something

　　“prohibit”+某事

　　The school rules prohibit smoking.

　　例句：学校规定禁止吸烟。

　　“prohibit” somebody from + -ing

　　“prohibit”某人做某事

　　There are no specific provisions in the law that would prohibit an employer from summarily dismissing an employee due to his/her misconduct.

　　例句：法律中没有特定的条文禁止雇主在暑假期间因为员工的表现不佳而将其解雇。

　　The verb “ban” also works in the same way:

　　动词“ban”也是类似的用法：

　　The government banned advertising⁴ of tobacco products in 2002.

　　例句：2002年，政府禁止烟草制品打广告。

　　The court banned him from attending football matches.

　　法庭禁止他参加足球比赛。

1 tenant   

n.承租人；房客；佃户；v.租借，租用

参考例句：

• The tenant was dispossessed for not paying his rent.那名房客因未付房租而被赶走。
• The tenant is responsible for all repairs to the building.租户负责对房屋的所有修理。

2 premises   

n.建筑物，房屋

参考例句：

• According to the rules,no alcohol can be consumed on the premises.按照规定，场内不准饮酒。
• All repairs are done on the premises and not put out.全部修缮都在家里进行，不用送到外面去做。

3 evacuating   

撤离，疏散( evacuate的现在分词 )； 排空（胃肠），排泄（粪便）； （从危险的地方）撤出，搬出，撤空

参考例句：

• The solution is degassed by alternately freezing, evacuating and thawing. 通过交替的冻结、抽空和溶化来使溶液除气。
• Are we evacuating these potential targets? 能够在这些目标地域内进行疏散吗？

4 advertising   

n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的

参考例句：

• Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
• The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。