年轻人睡眠时间不当可致脂肪增加

 　　春天到了，夏天还会远吗？看着商场里琳琅满目的衣服，相信不少MM都暗下了减肥的决心。近期，美研究人员发现，睡眠时间关乎腹围，睡眠过少或过多，都会导致腹部脂肪(abdominal¹ fat)明显增加。如果你也是减肥大军中的一员，首先就来看看怎样“科学睡眠”吧！

　　近期，一项研究结果称，睡眠时间关乎腰围，如果年轻人睡眠过少或过多，腰身脂肪在一段时期后会明显增加。

　　Younger adults who get either little sleep or a lot of it may see a greater expansion in their waistlines over time, a study published suggests。

　　研究人员发现，5年后，在年龄低于40岁的非洲裔美国人和拉丁裔美国人成年人中，每晚平均睡眠时间不超过5小时的研究对象将比平均睡眠6、7个小时的人积累更多腹部脂肪。

　　Researchers found that among black and Hispanic adults younger than 40, those who typically slept for five hours or less each night had a greater accumulation of belly² fat over the next five years, versus³ those who averaged six or seven hours。

　　而每晚卧床时间不低于8小时的人同样会导致脂肪增加--但情况要比睡眠过少者乐观。

　　Those who logged eight hours or more in bed each night also showed a bigger fat gain - but it was less substantial than that seen in "short sleepers⁴."

　　该研究结果刊载于医学杂志《睡眠》中。研究并没有证明睡眠过少或过多会直接导致过量脂肪增加。但它对其他研究做了数据支持和延伸--特别是缺少睡眠--将睡眠持续时间和体重增加、糖尿病、心脏病等做了关联。

　　The study, reported in the journal Sleep, does not prove that too little or too much sleep directly leads to excess fat gain. But the findings support and extend those of other studies linking sleep duration - particularly a lack of sleep - to weight gain and even to higher risks of diabetes⁵ and heart disease。

　　该研究以332名非洲裔美国人和775名拉丁裔美国人为研究对象，他们年龄在18至81岁之间。起初，所有报告都是关于他们的睡眠习惯、饮食、锻炼及其他生活因素。研究开始的时候，研究人员便用CT扫描方式测出研究对象腹部脂肪含量。五年后再做一次检测。

　　The study included 332 African-American and 775 Hispanic-American men and women ages 18 to 81. At the outset, all reported on their sleep habits, diets, exercise levels and other lifestyle factors. The researchers used CT scans to measure participants’abdominal fat, at the start of the study and again five years later。

　　研究发现，在年龄低于40岁的研究对象中，晚间平均睡眠时间不超过5小时的腹部脂肪增加量高于6至7小时平均睡眠的研究对象。

　　Among participants younger than 40, the study found, those who said they slept for five hours or less each night gained more belly fat than those who averaged six or seven hours of sleep。

　　前者的内脏脂肪增加32%，在6至7小时之间的增加13%，不低于8小时的增加22%。

　　On average, short sleepers showed a 32 percent gain in visceral fat, versus a 13 percent gain among those who slept six or seven hours per night, and a 22 percent increase among men and women who got at least eight hours of sleep each night。

　　皮下脂肪变化情形类似。

　　A similar pattern was seen with superficial abdominal fat。

　　美国北卡罗来纳州韦克福雷斯特大学医学院研究负责人克里斯滕·G·海尔斯通表示，该研究证实了睡眠习惯能够影响人们的体重和健康状况。“睡眠对你的身体健康很重要--并不仅在白天劳累的时候才有效。”她说。

　　The findings, according to lead researcher Dr. Kristen G. Hairston, of Wake Forest University School of Medicine in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, support the belief that sleep habits affect weight, and health in general. "Sleep is an important part of your overall health - not just in whether you’re tired during the day," she said。

　　关于睡眠时间关乎腹部脂肪增加，有很多理论基础。

　　As for why sleep duration might affect abdominal-fat gain, there are several theories。

　　首先，睡眠时间可能间接影响脂肪增加：睡眠少可能使人感到疲倦，导致日间无力锻炼身体；与睡眠时间居中者相比，睡眠较多者花在运动上的时间少一些，因而脂肪增加多一些。

　　There may be indirect effects; people who get too little sleep may be too tired during the day to exercise, while those who spend a lot of time in bed may spend less time being active, relative to people who sleep fewer hours。

　　其次，研究表明，睡眠少可能影响与食欲有关的荷尔蒙水平，导致过量饮食。

　　Research also suggests that sleep loss alters people’s levels of appetite-regulating hormones⁶ - which could, in theory, spur them to overeat。

　　再次，海尔斯通表示，心情抑郁也可能是一个原因：心情抑郁会影响人们的睡眠，抑郁本身与体重相关。但是，她和同事们没有研究对象抑郁症状的相关信息。

　　Depression, which often affects people’s sleep and has been linked to weight gain, could also be a factor, Hairston noted⁷. She and her colleagues had no information on study participants’ depression symptoms。

1 abdominal   

adj.腹（部）的，下腹的；n.腹肌

参考例句：

• The abdominal aorta is normally smaller than the thoracic aorta.腹主动脉一般比胸主动脉小。
• Abdominal tissues sometimes adhere after an operation.手术之后腹部有时会出现粘连。

2 belly   

n.肚子，腹部；(像肚子一样)鼓起的部分，膛

参考例句：

• The boss has a large belly.老板大腹便便。
• His eyes are bigger than his belly.他眼馋肚饱。

3 versus   

prep.以…为对手，对；与…相比之下

参考例句：

• The big match tonight is England versus Spain.今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。
• The most exciting game was Harvard versus Yale.最富紧张刺激的球赛是哈佛队对耶鲁队。

4 sleepers   

n.卧铺（通常以复数形式出现）；卧车( sleeper的名词复数 )；轨枕；睡觉（呈某种状态）的人；小耳环

参考例句：

• He trod quietly so as not to disturb the sleepers. 他轻移脚步，以免吵醒睡着的人。 来自辞典例句
• The nurse was out, and we two sleepers were alone. 保姆出去了，只剩下我们两个瞌睡虫。 来自辞典例句

5 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

6 hormones   

n. 荷尔蒙，激素 名词hormone的复数形式

参考例句：

• This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body. 这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
• The adrenals produce a large per cent of a man's sex hormones. 肾上腺分泌人体的大部分性激素。

7 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。