那些年我们熟读的孔子语录（中英对照）

 　　《论语》记录了孔子一生的精辟言论及见解，发人深省。我们上学时都曾经熟读并且背诵过一些《论语》中的句子。今天我们来看看翻译成英文版的孔子语录是什么样子的。

　　温故而知新，可以为师矣。

　　If a man keeps cherishing his old knowledge, so as continually to be acquiring new, he may be a teacher of others.

　　唯女子与小人，为难养也。近之则不孙，远之则怨。

　　Of all people, girls and servants are the most difficult to behave to. If you are familiar with them, they lose their humility¹. If you maintain a reserve towards them, they are discontented.

　　吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。

　　At fifteen I set my heart upon learning. At thirty, I planted my feet firm upon the ground. At forty, I no longer suffered from perplexities. At fifty, I knew what were the biddings of Heaven. At sixty, I heard them with docile² ear. At seventy, I could follow the dictates³ of my own heart; for what I desired no longer overstepped the boundaries of right.

　　不患人之不己知，患不知人也。

　　I will not be afflicted⁴ at men' s not knowing me; I will be afflicted that I do not know men.

　　工欲善其事，必先利其器。

　　A craftsman⁵ who wishes to do his work well must first sharpen his tools.

　　君子欲讷于言，而敏于行。

　　The superior man wishes to be slow in his speech and earnest in his conduct.

　　君子成人之美，不成人之恶，小人反是。

　　The superior man seeks to perfect the admirable qualities of men, and does not seek to perfect their bad qualities. The mean man does the opposite of this.

　　道不同，不相为谋。

　　Those whose courses are different cannot lay plans for one another.

　　性相近也，习相远也。

　　By nature, men are nearly alike; by practice, they get to be wide apart.

　　过而不改，是谓过矣。

　　Not to mend the fault one has made is to err⁶ indeed.

　　己所不欲，勿施于人。

　　What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.

　　言必信，行必果。

　　Keep what you say and carry out what you do.

　　有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎?

　　Is it not delightful⁷ to have friends coming from distant quarters?

　　人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎?

　　Is he not a man of complete virtue⁸, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him?

　　逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜。

　　It passes on just like this, not ceasing day or night!

　　人无远虑，必有近忧。

　　If a man takes no thought about what is distant, he will find sorrow near at hand.

　　知者乐水，仁者乐山。知者动，仁者静。知者乐，仁者寿。

　　The wise find pleasure in water; the virtuous⁹ find pleasure in hills. The wise are active; the virtuous are tranquil¹⁰. The wise are joyful¹¹; the virtuous are long-lived.

　　非礼勿视，非礼勿听，非礼勿言，非礼勿动。

　　Look not at what is contrary to propriety¹²; listen not to what is contrary to propriety; speak not what is contrary to propriety; make no movement which is contrary to propriety.

　　当仁，不让于师。

　　When it comes to benevolence¹³, one need not give precedence even to his teacher.

　　学而时习之，不亦说乎?

　　Is it not pleasant to learn with a constant perseverance¹⁴ and application?

　　敏而好学，不耻下问。

　　He was of an active nature and yet fond of learning, and he was not ashamed to ask and learn of his inferiors.

　　三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。

　　When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers. I will select their good qualities and follow them, their bad qualities and avoid them.

1 humility   

n.谦逊，谦恭

参考例句：

• Humility often gains more than pride.谦逊往往比骄傲收益更多。
• His voice was still soft and filled with specious humility.他的声音还是那么温和，甚至有点谦卑。

2 docile   

adj.驯服的，易控制的，容易教的

参考例句：

• Circus monkeys are trained to be very docile and obedient.马戏团的猴子训练得服服贴贴的。
• He is a docile and well-behaved child.他是个温顺且彬彬有礼的孩子。

3 dictates   

n.命令，规定，要求( dictate的名词复数 )v.大声讲或读( dictate的第三人称单数 )；口授；支配；摆布

参考例句：

• Convention dictates that a minister should resign in such a situation. 依照常规部长在这种情况下应该辞职。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He always follows the dictates of common sense. 他总是按常识行事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 afflicted   

使受痛苦，折磨( afflict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• About 40% of the country's population is afflicted with the disease. 全国40%左右的人口患有这种疾病。
• A terrible restlessness that was like to hunger afflicted Martin Eden. 一阵可怕的、跟饥饿差不多的不安情绪折磨着马丁·伊登。

5 craftsman   

n.技工，精于一门工艺的匠人

参考例句：

• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。
• The craftsman is working up the mass of clay into a toy figure.艺人把一团泥捏成玩具形状。

6 err   

vi.犯错误，出差错

参考例句：

• He did not err by a hair's breadth in his calculation.他的计算结果一丝不差。
• The arrows err not from their aim.箭无虚发。

7 delightful   

adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的

参考例句：

• We had a delightful time by the seashore last Sunday.上星期天我们在海滨玩得真痛快。
• Peter played a delightful melody on his flute.彼得用笛子吹奏了一支欢快的曲子。

8 virtue   

n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力

参考例句：

• He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
• You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。

9 virtuous   

adj.有品德的，善良的，贞洁的，有效力的

参考例句：

• She was such a virtuous woman that everybody respected her.她是个有道德的女性，人人都尊敬她。
• My uncle is always proud of having a virtuous wife.叔叔一直为娶到一位贤德的妻子而骄傲。

10 tranquil   

adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的

参考例句：

• The boy disturbed the tranquil surface of the pond with a stick. 那男孩用棍子打破了平静的池面。
• The tranquil beauty of the village scenery is unique. 这乡村景色的宁静是绝无仅有的。

11 joyful   

adj.欢乐的，令人欢欣的

参考例句：

• She was joyful of her good result of the scientific experiments.她为自己的科学实验取得好成果而高兴。
• They were singing and dancing to celebrate this joyful occasion.他们唱着、跳着庆祝这令人欢乐的时刻。

12 propriety   

n.正当行为；正当；适当

参考例句：

• We hesitated at the propriety of the method.我们对这种办法是否适用拿不定主意。
• The sensitive matter was handled with great propriety.这件机密的事处理得极为适当。

13 benevolence   

n.慈悲，捐助

参考例句：

• We definitely do not apply a policy of benevolence to the reactionaries.我们对反动派决不施仁政。
• He did it out of pure benevolence. 他做那件事完全出于善意。

14 perseverance   

n.坚持不懈，不屈不挠

参考例句：

• It may take some perseverance to find the right people.要找到合适的人也许需要有点锲而不舍的精神。
• Perseverance leads to success.有恒心就能胜利。