托福口语考试常见失误举例分析

 　　My teacher gave interesting assignments and motivating the students.

　　很显然，这属于混用语法结构的一个典型错误。这会使句子产生歧义：难道是说My teacher gave interesting and motivating assignments to the students? 因为本句中 interesting和motivating 是平行结构. 或者是My teacher gave interesting assignments and motivated the students? 因为亦可以理解成gave和 motivated是平行结构.所以错误使用语法会带来许多意想不到的麻烦。

　　当我们重复使用一个短语或单词的时候，不仅会给人以词汇量过小的感觉，有时甚至也会造成误解。我们来看一个例子：

　　My teacher wrote the assignment on the chalkboard. The assignment was on the chalkboard until the teacher erased¹ the assignment after we had all done the assignment.事实上这句话的观点会更加清晰，如果我们将重复的词替换为其他表达的话。我们再来看看改进后的表达：

　　My teacher wrote the assignment on the chalkboard. She erased the board after we had all completed the task.

　　其中 assignment 被替换为 task; teacher 变为了she; chalkboard 被改为了board. 不但句子显得更加生动活泼不刻板，信息量也比原来要多了。

　　多次强调过，在说口语时千万要注意时态、人称和数量的统一，而这些oral slips却是中国学生最容易出现的问题。同时，这些问题会让你的听众们糊涂，不明白你究竟要表达哪种意思。看一个例子：

　　My teacher brought five paper bags to school one day. He put us into groups and gave each group a bag. You have to take the objects out of the bags in turn and then a person has to tell a story involving the object from the bag.

　　前面是一般过去时，后面突然转为现在时;同时人称也由“我们”变为“你”最后是一个“他”。最后单复的变化亦会令人很费解。估计考官们很难跟得上这种跳跃的思维，所以保持前后一致性很重要。我们来看改后的版本：

　　One day my teacher put us into five different groups. He gave each group a bag and told us to take turns pulling out an object and telling the other members of the group a story involving that object.

1 erased   

v.擦掉( erase的过去式和过去分词 )；抹去；清除

参考例句：

• He erased the wrong answer and wrote in the right one. 他擦去了错误答案，写上了正确答案。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He removed the dogmatism from politics; he erased the party line. 他根除了政治中的教条主义，消除了政党界限。 来自《简明英汉词典》