托福阅读判断词整理分析

 　　以下是托福考试的一道真题，反映出了托福阅读部分对于学生判断的考察，原文： Educating Psyche¹ by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical² new approaches to learning， describing the effects of emotion， imagination and the unconscious on learning. One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov， which focuses on the power of suggestion.

　　题目：

　　The book Educating psyche is mainly concerned withA. The power of suggestion in learning .

　　B. A particular technique for learning based on emotionsC. The effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconsciousD. Ways of learning which are not traditional正确答案： D

　　题目分析：本题是托福阅读考试中的典型题型，题目中的选项和原文分别由对应关系。其中最具有迷惑性的是C选项，选项中的内容The effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious 基本为原文原词，这会让很多同学与原文中的describing the effects of emotion， imagination and the unconscious on learning.混淆，误以为这两个句子表达的是同样的意思。考生们仔细观察会发现，原文的意思是：情绪、想象力和无意识在学习中的影响。题目中的意思是：情绪对于想象力和无意识的影响。这两个句子在中文意思上差别很大，如果考生在考场中无法准确的翻译出句子的意思可以简单的比较两个句子的内容。题目中的句子是emotion on the imagination and the unconscious，而原文是effects of emotion， imagination and the unconscious。原文的句子中emotion， imagination and the unconscious这三个词是并列的，而在题目中则不是。A选项里的The power of suggestion是原文内容，也具有较大的迷惑性，但是纵观全文会发现A选项中的in learning 在原文中是没有提到的，属于推断内容。B选项内容属于原文中完全没有提及，这样的选项属于难度较低的选项，针对的是基础较差的学生。D选项为正确选项，选项中的 not traditional对应原文中的radical new 这两个选项虽然使用的单词完全不一样，但是表达的意思却是相同的。

　　In general， it is plausible³ to suppose that we should prefer peace and quiet to noise. And yet most of us have had the experience of having to adjust to sleeping in the mountains or the countryside because it was initially⁴ 'too quiet'， an experience that suggests that humans are capable of adapting to a wide range of noise levels.

　　The writer suggests that people may have difficulty sleeping in the mountains becauseA. Humans do not prefer peace and quiet to noiseB. They may be exposed to short bursts of very strange soundsC. Humans prefer to hear certain amount of noise while whey sleeps.

　　D. They may have adapted to a higher noise level in the city.

 

1 psyche   

n.精神；灵魂

参考例句：

• His exploration of the myth brings insight into the American psyche.他对这个神话的探讨揭示了美国人的心理。
• She spent her life plumbing the mysteries of the human psyche.她毕生探索人类心灵的奥秘。

2 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

3 plausible   

adj.似真实的，似乎有理的，似乎可信的

参考例句：

• His story sounded plausible.他说的那番话似乎是真实的。
• Her story sounded perfectly plausible.她的说辞听起来言之有理。

4 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。