托福阅读 快速识别替换词

 　　托福阅读解题的过程实际上也就是两大快速阅读技巧的结合：略读(Skimming了解中心) +查读(Scanning查找细节)。 skimming 和scanning 都要求能快速准确地识别关键词或词组(定位速度)。而恰恰这一步是大家所不熟悉和忽略的。这肯定不是词汇量不足的问题。要真正提高阅读速度，必须首先提高定位速度。

　　这里给大家介绍一下“扫视定位法”，即变逐字、逐句阅读为字群、词群、意群阅读，用一目一行，一目多行等方式，以高于平时精读几倍乃至几十倍的速度扫视阅读材料，从而快速在原文中定位到题干中的关键词。

　　具体做到：避免眼球没有规律的扫视; 避免中途回视;加快眼动速度，逐步扩大“视知觉广度”。“视知觉广度”大，由于眼球注视时间短和中途回视的次数少(眼动速度快)，阅读的平均速度就比较快。

　　以下练习是为提高眼动速度，加强对单词和词组的视觉感知而设计的。大家在练习时要抱着实验的心态，忘记对错误的担心，严格按时间要求完成训练。相信只要你认真练习，并且在做题时实践，一定会对托福阅读有新的感悟。更或是顿悟?

　　(一)快速识别替换词。请在35秒内完成。

　　mistaken - misconceptions misunderstand misuse¹ misspell mischance change - view define modify access contain dominant² involve - revolve³ intake⁴ follow contain invite invoice⁵ tiny - very swift very strong very small very sharp very quick speaking two language - contemporary texts bilingual rhythmic⁶ hearty6. destroy - destruct decide rebuild construct7. gigantic - excited foolish dangerous huge tiny particular8. local - abroad board import domestic transport9. vanish - to paint to disappear to defeat to suffer to decline10. gloomyfoolish sad timid open poetic⁷ slender11. purchase -to double something to succeed to buy something to lend something12. hazard - a danger a storm a battle a fire a pound a pool13. demanding job- precious task difficult job individual job related job14. habitat - a place to live a habit to follow a person to inform15. distinguished⁸ - eminent⁹ heritage poisonous contrast extend答案：misconception, modify, contain, very small, bilingual, destruct, huge, domestic, to disappear, sad, to buy something, a danger, difficult job, a place to live, eminent(二) 快速短语识别：用下划线标出出现的所有第一个词组。请在15秒内完成。

　　1 industrial world

　　water per person population explosion food production electricity world industrial world water policies industrial world innovative¹⁰ layoutindustrial process falling behind violence world soil quality industrial revolution continue to raise international tensions2 economic benefit

　　economy benefit economic growth economic development economy policyelectricity service economical engine effective solution economic benefitefficient beginner effective skills economic benefit economical designeconomic benefit economically fit economic activities(三)快速检索单词：请在30秒内完成。

　　用下划线在右侧词群中标出出现的每个与左边单词相同的词。

　　1) sought sought fought sought fought sought fought2) minks¹¹ sinks minkes minks sinks sinks sink3) phrase phase phase phrase phase phase phase4) chrome chrome chronic¹² chrome chronic chrome5) bright light brought bright right bring bright6) discovery discover discovery recovery recover discuss7) whale whale wheel whale whaling white

　　8) nature nurture¹³ natural nature nurse nature9) mammal animal mammal mammon mammoth¹⁴ mammal10) visionvisual vision virtual vision visional时间：_____秒。正确：_____个。 在横线上标出左边单词出现的次数。

　　1) whirl whirr whim¹⁵ whirl whim whirr whirl ______2) altaralter alter alter altar altar after altar ______3) course coarse course course coarse coarse ______4) whirl whirr whim whirr whim whirr whim ______5) breath breathe breathe breathe breath breath ______6 course coarse course course coarse coarse ______7) radar¹⁶ reader read radar reader radar ______8) perceive perception perceive perceive perception perceptive¹⁷ ______9) navigate¹⁸ navigate negative navigate navigation navigate ______10) adapt adapt adopt adaption accept adapt ______时间：_____秒。正确：_____个。(第四个故意没有左边单词，目的是提醒大家不要回视。要么第一次就看到，要么就干脆漏掉。)

1 misuse   

n.误用，滥用；vt.误用，滥用

参考例句：

• It disturbs me profoundly that you so misuse your talents.你如此滥用自己的才能，使我深感不安。
• He was sacked for computer misuse.他因滥用计算机而被解雇了。

2 dominant   

adj.支配的，统治的；占优势的；显性的；n.主因，要素，主要的人(或物)；显性基因

参考例句：

• The British were formerly dominant in India.英国人从前统治印度。
• She was a dominant figure in the French film industry.她在法国电影界是个举足轻重的人物。

3 revolve   

vi.(使)旋转；循环出现

参考例句：

• The planets revolve around the sun.行星绕着太阳运转。
• The wheels began to revolve slowly.车轮开始慢慢转动。

4 intake   

n.吸入，纳入；进气口，入口

参考例句：

• Reduce your salt intake.减少盐的摄入量。
• There was a horrified intake of breath from every child.所有的孩子都害怕地倒抽了一口凉气。

5 invoice   

vt.开发票；n.发票，装货清单

参考例句：

• The seller has to issue a tax invoice.销售者必须开具税务发票。
• We will then send you an invoice for the total course fees.然后我们会把全部课程费用的发票寄给你。

6 rhythmic   

adj.有节奏的，有韵律的

参考例句：

• Her breathing became more rhythmic.她的呼吸变得更有规律了。
• Good breathing is slow,rhythmic and deep.健康的呼吸方式缓慢深沉而有节奏。

7 poetic   

adj.富有诗意的，有诗人气质的，善于抒情的

参考例句：

• His poetic idiom is stamped with expressions describing group feeling and thought.他的诗中的措辞往往带有描写群体感情和思想的印记。
• His poetic novels have gone through three different historical stages.他的诗情小说创作经历了三个不同的历史阶段。

8 distinguished   

adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的

参考例句：

• Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses.大象以其长长的鼻子显示出与其他动物的不同。
• A banquet was given in honor of the distinguished guests.宴会是为了向贵宾们致敬而举行的。

9 eminent   

adj.显赫的，杰出的，有名的，优良的

参考例句：

• We are expecting the arrival of an eminent scientist.我们正期待一位著名科学家的来访。
• He is an eminent citizen of China.他是一个杰出的中国公民。

10 innovative   

adj.革新的，新颖的，富有革新精神的

参考例句：

• Discover an innovative way of marketing.发现一个创新的营销方式。
• He was one of the most creative and innovative engineers of his generation.他是他那代人当中最富创造性与革新精神的工程师之一。

11 minks   

n.水貂( mink的名词复数 )；水貂皮

参考例句：

• Fuck like minks, forget the rug rats, and live happily ever after. 我们象水貂一样作爱，忘掉小水貂吧，然后一起幸福生活。 来自互联网
• They fuck like minks, raise rug rats, and live happily ever after. 他们象水貂一样做爱，再养一堆小水貂，然后一起幸福的生活。 来自互联网

12 chronic   

adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的

参考例句：

• Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
• Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

13 nurture   

n.养育，照顾，教育；滋养，营养品；vt.养育，给与营养物，教养，扶持

参考例句：

• The tree grows well in his nurture.在他的培育下这棵树长得很好。
• The two sisters had received very different nurture.这俩个姊妹接受过极不同的教育。

14 mammoth   

n.长毛象；adj.长毛象似的，巨大的

参考例句：

• You can only undertake mammoth changes if the finances are there.资金到位的情况下方可进行重大变革。
• Building the new railroad will be a mammoth job.修建那条新铁路将是一项巨大工程。

15 whim   

n.一时的兴致，突然的念头；奇想，幻想

参考例句：

• I bought the encyclopedia on a whim.我凭一时的兴致买了这本百科全书。
• He had a sudden whim to go sailing today.今天他突然想要去航海。

16 radar   

n.雷达，无线电探测器

参考例句：

• They are following the flight of an aircraft by radar.他们正在用雷达追踪一架飞机的飞行。
• Enemy ships were detected on the radar.敌舰的影像已显现在雷达上。

17 perceptive   

adj.知觉的，有洞察力的，感知的

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• He is very perceptive and nothing can be hidden from him.他耳聪目明，什么事都很难瞒住他。

18 navigate   

v.航行，飞行；导航，领航

参考例句：

• He was the first man to navigate the Atlantic by air.他是第一个飞越大西洋的人。
• Such boats can navigate on the Nile.这种船可以在尼罗河上航行。